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总 课 题：U1 课 时： 主 备 人：lilyyao 课 型：Grammar 授课时间： 教学目标: Introduce attributive clause 教学重点：The basic usage of the relative pronouns and learn to use them in different situations. 教学难点：How to help the students to learn the Attributive Clause efficiently. 教学过程： Step 1.Revision: Check homework. Step 2. Presentation Look at the picture at page8 and ask the students to speak out what they may think of.(Write down these three structures on the Bb or show them on the screen below the picture.) Adjective: a green team Prepositional phrase: a team in green Attributive clause: a team who were wearing green Attributive clause modifies a noun in the same way as adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent. Read Part2 at page8. Attributive clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns like which, that, who, whom, and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when. In the clause these relative words usually function as the following: (page8) Step3 Read the article at page9 and underline the attributive clauses you find in the article.Relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whose. Read this part at page10 and grasp the usages of these relative pronouns.(show the screen) Then do the exercise at page11. Step 4.Introudction 1. 语法术语及基本概念： (1). 先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的那个词。 (2). 关系代词/关系副词:用来引导定语从句的关联词。 (3). 定语从句:一个句子用作某一名词或代词的定语时，我们称这个句子为定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的那个词叫先行词。定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which 以及关系副词when, where, why来引导，定语从句一般位于先行词之后。 2. 关系代词的用法： (1). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用who或that来引导。 e.g. Do you know the man who / that is standing over there? The girl who / that took you to my place is my friend. (2). 先行词是人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，用whom或that来引导，但通常可以省略。先行词是人，关系代词在介词后面必须用whom，而且不能省略，也不能用that。 The boy (whom / that) we saw yesterday is Mr. Wang’s son. The old man with whom I often go to the films is my grandfather. (3). 先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，用which或that来引导。 e.g. The train which / that has just left is for Guangzhou. The earthquake which / that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history. e.g. The bird (which / that) we caught the other day flew away yesterday. The pen with which I am writing was bought in the Shopping Center. （4）．关系代词whose的用法： 关系代词whose 意思是“谁的”，“什么的”；它是who和which的所有格形 式，它可以用来引导定语从句，并且在定语从句中做定语，修饰从句的主语或宾语。 e.g. This is the house whose door / the door of which / of which the door faces east. The relative pronouns referring to function in the clause who person(s) subject/object whom person(s) object that person(s)/thing(s) subject/object which thing(s) subject/object whose person(s)/thing(s) (of whom/which) attributive 3.只能使用关系代词that引导的定语从句： (1). 先行词是不定代词all, something, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one, little, much等，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. Is there anything that I can do for you? Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday? All we have to do is to press the button. (2). 先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, just, very 等词修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. This is one of the presents that my boy friend gave me on my birthday. (3). 先行词是形容词的最高级或被形容词的最高级所修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. The most important thing that should be done recently is how to collect enough money for that poor student. (4). 先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. This is the fifth book that he has ever written. When we talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes into mind is the West Lake. (5). 先行词中既有人又有物，用who或which都不合适时，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. The car and the driver that killed an old woman were held up by the police. They talked about things and persons that they remembered at school. The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well-known. (6) 先行词为数词时，只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. He brought three children yesterday,.Now I can see the three that are playing in the garden. (7) 复合句中含有两个修饰人的定语从句，其中一个已经用了who，另一个只能使用关系代词that。 e.g. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. (8). 主句是there be 结构，如果需要修饰的主语是物，只能使用关系代词that。e.g. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free. Step 5. Consolidation 定语从句专项练习 一．单项选择 定语从句的用法 1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. who m B. which C. who D. / 3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary. A. that B. whose C. which D. as 4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. which C. who D. whom 5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. / 6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which D. / 11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him. A. was B. were C. is D. are 12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor. A. whom B. who C. / D. he 13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door 14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who 15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____. A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there 16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know. A. what B. which C. as D. ./ 17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in that B. when C. where D. there 18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born? A. where B. in that C. that D. which 19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. when B. where C. that D. which 20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met? A. that B. when C. what D. on that 21. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget. A. when B. that C. where D. in which 22. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which 23. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing? A. which B. where C. in which D. what 24. Is this museum _____ they visited last month? A. that B. which C. where D. the one 25. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where 参考答案 一． 单项选择 定语从句1~5 A C A B A 6~10 B C C A D 11~15 C B D D A 16~20 D C A B B 21~25 B B A D D Step 4. Homework |
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