| Unit 2 sporting events教案(M4 Unit2)(译林牛津版高一英语必修四教案教学设计) |
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何学群 叶建 叶锦龙 Welcome to the Unit Step 1 Brainstorming At the beginning of the class, let’s first enjoy a song. Do you know what the song is about? (The theme song at the 1988 Olympic Games) Good, do you like it? Can you sing it? And I wonder whether you like sports. / Do you like sports? Since you like sports, you may be familiar with some sports stars, let’s play a game, ok? I’ll give a brief description of a certain sports star and you are asked to guess who she or he is. Are you clear? 1.She is a girl from Beijing; she has once won the 2004 Olympic championship and many titles in the field of table tennis. (Zhang Yining) 2.He is from Shanghai; he is very tall; now he serves in NBA. (Yao Ming) 3.He is also from Shanghai, last year in Athens he beat his rivals and became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles. (Liu Xiang) 4.She is a black lady from U.S.A; she and her elder sister are known as the double black pearls in the field of tennis (Little Williams) Well done! What sports can you play? What sports do you know? For reference Martial arts: Chinese wushu, judo, fencing, tae kwon do, karate, etc Ball games: volleyball, basketball, football, table tennis, golf, badminton, baseball, rugby, ice hockey, etc Track and field: long jump, high jump, pole jump, discus, shot-put, relay race, etc. Gymnastics: Men’s events-----rings, horizontal bar, double bars, parallel bars, vaulting horse, pommel led horse, floor exercise, etc. Women’s events-----balance beam, high and low bars, uneven bars, vaulting horse, floor exercise, etc. Who is your favorite sportsperson? Why do you admire this sportsperson? They have good team spirit, a stronger character, mental strength and a positive attitude. They bring joy to my life. They are always challenging the limits of humans. Do you like playing sports? How much time do you usually spend exercising or doing sports every week? Step 2 Sharing information 1. Sports play a very important role in our lives. We see or do sports almost every day. Look at the six pictures at page 21. Are you familiar with these sports? Do you think we can play these sports every day? What comes to your mind first when you see pictures like these? The International Olympic Committee (IOC),Olympic Games, sports meetings, fierce competitions, professional or amateur athletes, exercising for fun, exercising to keep fit… Picture of table tennis Can you play table tennis? Do you like it? When did you begin to play table tennis? How often do you play it? Who do you play it with? Do you think playing table tennis is a good way to build up your body? Is table tennis your favorite sport? Why? It is convenient for people to play and does not require too much equipment. People have to be quick-minded and have rapid responses. It is a good way to make friends and meet new people. Pictures of wrestling and boxing Do you like these sports? Do you enjoy watching them? How much do you know about these sports? Boxing became an Olympic sport in 688 BC and is still popular today. The boxer uses his or her fists to punch the opponent’s head and body with the aim to knock the opponent out. Boxing is popular worldwide as a spectator sport and generates millions of US dollars through ticket revenue, merchandise, TV rights and pay-per-view packages of important boxing matches. Some people view boxing as archaic and an unnecessary display of violence while its supporters emphasize its self-expression and health benefits. Boxing is a good way to keep fit, but there is much speculation about the possible injuries, particularly to the brain, that can be incurred during boxing matches. Such speculation has resulted in tighter regulations over the safety of the boxers. Wrestling is an ancient sport and often appeared as the main event in the earliest Olympic Games. Wrestling exists in many different styles but only two styles feature in the Olympics, namely freestyle and Greco-Roman. Greco-Roman wrestling allows the use of only the participants’ upper bodies; however, freestyle allows the use of legs. In your opinion, do you think these sports are too violent and fierce? Yes, sometimes they are. Competitors have to be aware of the safety precautions and wear protective gloves or padded helmets. Would you like to become a professional boxer or wrestler? Picture of kung fu Kung fu is a traditional sport in China. Are you interested in this sport? Do you think doing kung fu could make you fitter? Do you enjoy watching kung fu films like those with Jackie Chan in them? Do you think he is a good kung fu actor? Pictures of gymnastics and diving It is said that gymnastics and diving are two of the most beautiful sports in the world, because they both display elements of strength and beauty. Do you agree? Can you name some famous Chinese gymnasts or divers? To become a professional gymnast or a diver, you have to sacrifice a lot. What do you think these sacrifices would include? 2. discussion Whatever kind of sport you take part in, what are the basic qualities you need to possess in order to be successful in that sport? If you are part of a sports team, what kinds of things should you pay special attention to? 3. report your answers to the class. Sample answers 1. As we can see, throughout the World sports enjoy such popularity nowadays. There are many reasons for it. First of all, physical exercise can refresh people if they are exhausted after a day’s work. An increasing number of people, especially those who are mainly involved in office work, are complaining about sore muscles, stiff necks and blurred vision. There’s no better way to reinvigorate yourself than working out in a gym or participating in outdoor sports. Secondly, it seems that many people want to lose weight. For women, staying slim is very important. Men like keeping fit and being muscular. Thirdly, people’s quality of life. Exercising regularly tops the list of advice that health experts offer us to improve our quality of life. 2. As a member of a health club, I play sports every week. I have access to all the gym facilities for free. On weekends, I meet my friends in the club and we have a lot of fun together. Normally, we start at 10 in the morning. We usually play squash for a few hours. In the afternoon, we go swimming Language points: 1. play a … role/part in 在…中起…的作用 His teaching plays a key role/part in his son’s progress.他的教导在他儿子的进步中起着关键的作用。 The headmaster plays a important role in the good running of a school. 校长在学校的良好管理中起着重要的作用。 2. listen to sb do sth 听某人做某事 Let’s listen to Lily sing an English song. 我们听莉莉唱首英文歌吧。 The kids sat in a circle to listen to their mother tell a story. 孩子们坐成一圈，听妈妈讲故事。 3. popular (1) 流行的，大众的 They carried a popular opinion roll. 他们进行了一次民意测验。 These are novels with popular appeal. 这些是适合大众口味的小说。 （2）受欢迎的，受人喜欢的 Lincoln was a popular president. 林肯是个受人爱戴的总统。 Gongli is a popular film star. 巩利是一位受人喜欢的电影明星。 be popular with sb 受人某人欢迎 He is a man who is popular with his neighbors. 他是受邻居们喜欢的人。 4 while conj. a. on the other hand( implying a contrast)而（表对比） e.g.: Alice is fond of playing the piano while Henry is interested in listening to music. The results of this pre-test indicated that only about half of the class expressed an interest in reading, while 36% of the class agreed that they ‘prefer to do anything other than read’. Motion is absolute while stagnation(静止) is relative. b. during a period of time that当...的时候,在……时，和……同时， e.g.: In my opinion, there’re many advantages for college students to work while studying at college. While we realize that many districts do not currently have the capability to offer a full curriculum of classes we wanted to make you aware of this opportunity as soon as possible. Strike while the iron is hot. I read while cooking, while eating, and while exercising (if at all possible). c. although, in spite of the fact that虽然（表转折） e.g.: In While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they can not be solved. While I realize not all developers are created equally, I cannot imagine lowering my rate for ANY kind of training! d. as long as只要 While there is life there’s hope. 相关高考试题 95NMET. She thought I was talking about her daughter, _____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. A. whom B. where C. which D. while 99 NMET. ―I’m going to the post office. ―______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If 2004江苏___________I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2004 浙江_____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If 答案：DBA A Reading The honorable games Step1: Leading-in As we all know, the Olympic Games are held every four years and it is a great honor for a country to host the Games. How much do you know about the Olympics, for example, its history, ceremonies and sporting events? 1) How many Olympic Games did you see? 2) Where were they held? 3) Do you think they are exciting? Why? 4) Who is your favorite athlete and who do you think is the greatest Olympian? Why? Step 2: Fast reading for general ideas Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A. Just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions. 1) What is the speech about? 2) Where were the ancient Olympic Games held? 3) Who restarted the modern Olympic Games? A 1) The history and significance of the Olympic Games. 2) At Olympia in Greece. 3) Pierre de Coubertin. Step 3: Detailed reading for important information 1. Let’s read the speech a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2 at page 24 individually to check your reading comprehension and to test your analytical thinking skills. C1 1) According to the speech, the speaker is an athlete. an IOC member 2) The first ancient Olympic Games were held in AD 776 776 BC 3) In the past, only athletes that spoke Italian were allowed to compete. Greek 4) The aim of the modern Olympic Games is to make countries and people compete side by side. live peacefully 5) The first modern Olympic Games were held in Rome in 1896. Athens 6) Deng Yaping won four Olympic gold medals for tennis. table tennis C2 Name Nationality Which Olympics Olympic achievements Other information Muhammad Ali American 1960 Rome Olympics gold medal, boxing original name Cassius Clay; won his first World Heavyweight Boxing Championship in 1964; lit the Olympic flame at the 1966 Atlanta Olympics Michael Jordan American 1984 Los Angeles Olympics; 1992 Barcelona Olympics two gold medals, basketball the highest scorer for the USA basketball team at the 1984 Olympics Haile Gebrselassie Ethiopian 1996 Atlanta Olympics; 2000 Sydney Olympics two gold medals, distance running first became famous in 1992; broke world record for the 10 km run Xu Haifeng Chinese 1984 Los Angeles Olympics gold medal won the first Olympics gold medal for China Deng Yapping Chinese 1992 Barcelona Olympics four gold medals, table tennis became an IOC member in 2000 Liu Xiang Chinese 2004 Athens Olympics gold medal, men’s 110-metre hurdles the first Asian to win this race 2. Now please answer some questions to check your comprehension of the passage: What characteristics do the ancient Olympics and the modern Olympics share? Both the ancient and modern Olympic Games were /are held every four years. Some of the sports played in the ancient Olympic, such as discus, long jump, wrestling and running, are still played in the modern Olympics. What are the differences between the ancient games and the modern Olympic Games? The ancient games were always held at the same place. In the ancient Olympics, only Greek men were allowed to compete and they had to compete wearing no clothes. In the modern Olympics, athletes from all over the world can take part, no matter what language they speak or what sex they are. Muhammad Ali and Michael Jordan are mentioned in the passage. What do these two sportspeople have in common? They are both talented and dedicated They train hard They have contributed significantly to their sports. They are extremely successful in their fields. They both have passion and enthusiasm for sports. Do you think Chinese athletes such as Deng Yaping and Liu Xiang are as great as Ali or Jordan? 3. Let’s complete Parts D and E D 1. a 2 c 3 e 4 f 5 d 6 b E 1) significance 2) ancient 3) compete 4) peacefully 5) athletes 6) achievement7) gold medal 8) mentioned 4. Read the speech again and think about the criteria for a good speech and what makes a good speaker. Please discuss the following questions: Do you think it is difficult to give a speech in front of an audience? Why or why not? What makes a good speech and a good speaker? What are the things a speaker should attach importance to? Is there any relationship between the different topics the speaker mentions? Step 4: Post-reading activities 1.Go over Part E and discuss the questions in pairs. 1. I think the Olympic Games help countries live peacefully side by side. The Olympic motto is ‘Swifter, Higher, and Stronger’. Athletes come from all around the world to compete in the Olympics. They each represent their own country and try to win medals for that country. However, it is not all about winning. Competing in the Olympic is a great honor and it is a great opportunity to meet talented athletes from all over the work. It is also a great opportunity to build relationships with other countries live peacefully, side by side. 2. I think Deng Yaping is the greatest Olympic athlete because she is unarguably the world’s greatest female table tennis player and has won virtually every female title in almost all the word table tennis competitions. The list of Deng’s accomplishments is long and impressive: four-time Olympic champion in table tennis, twice in singles at Barcelona and Atlanta, and twice in doubles with her partner Qiao Hong, in 1992 and 1996. As an experienced player she has nerves of steel and a determination to succeed. At 1.49 meters tall she is the greatest female player of all times. I admire her very much. 3. They set a great example. They work hard, are determined, strong-willed and have great confidence and perseverance. They show us that if you put your mind to something and work hard at it, you will succeed. 2. Let’s divide into several groups and discuss the following questions: What is the spirit of the Olympic Games? What can you learn from it? Do you think that “Swifter, Higher, Stronger” is a good motto not only for sports but also for life in general? Why? Do you agree with the saying “The more gold medals a country wins, the stronger the country is.”? Why or why not? Recently, there was news about athletes using drugs in the Olympic Games. What do you think of this? What can be done to prevent this kind of thing from happening again? 3. Next, let’s have a class debate on the following subject: Hosting the Olympic Games is a great honor for a country, but at the same time it costs a lot of money. Do you think hosting the Olympics will be a good opportunity to develop the host country’s economy and tourism, or will it be a heavy burden on the economy? Language points: 1. I am delighted to have been invited to your school. to have done 是不定式的完成式，当不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的 动作之前，就用to have done；若主语与不定式的动词有逻辑主谓关系则用to have been done。 It’s a good thing for him to have been criticized. 他受到批评是件好事。 She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.他是第一个选上这样位置的人。 Geogore Bugagge was considered to have invented the first computer in the world. Geogore Bugagge 被认为是发明世界上第一台电脑的人。 I’m sorry to have taken up your time. 很抱歉花了你的时间。 相关高考试题 NMET93. Charles Babbage is generally considered _____ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented NMET99. Robert is said_____ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 2005江苏 ---- Is Bob still performing? ---- I'm afraid not. He is said______ the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 答案: C A A 2. share …with… 与…共用… ,与…分享… China has agreed to share anti-terrorist intelligence with the five Central Asian countries. 中国同意与中亚五国共享反恐情报。 He’s going to share the Nobel prize with another chemist.他将与另一位化学家共同获得诺贝儿奖。 3. allow 允许，同意 allow sb to do 同意某人做某事 allow doing sth 同意做某事 Allow me to introduce Miss Mary. 请允许我介绍一下玛莉小姐。 The government servants aren’t allowed to accept rewards.公务员不得接受酬谢。 Smoking is not allowing here. 此处不准吸烟。 The teacher doesn’t allow talking loudly in class. 老师不准在课堂上大声讲话。 4. honour （1）动词 尊敬，给以荣誉，以…为荣 Will you honour me with a visit? 可否请你光临。 The young should honour the aged. 年轻人应该尊敬长者。 They were honoured with the title of model workers. 他们被授予劳动模范的光荣称号。 I feel honoured to have been asked to speak here. 被邀请在这里讲话我深感荣幸。 (2) 名词，荣誉（不可数）； 一种荣誉，件光荣的人／事（可数） The students should show their honour to their teachers. 学生应该尊敬老师。 It is an honour to have dinner with you. 与你一起吃饭是我的荣幸。 in honour of 为向…表示敬意， 为纪念… In honour of her motherland, she named it polonium.为了表达对祖国的敬意，她给它命名为卜。 in need of需要 in favour of赞同 in want of需要 in praise of 赞扬 in face of 面临 in search of 寻找 in charge of负责，管理 in memory of 纪念 5. No matter 的用法 (1)no matter 是连词词组， 作“不论， 不管”解，常用于表示让步的 状语从句中， 常用于下列的句型中： No matter what (who, when, how, where etc.) + 主句 例如： No matter what he said, I didn’t believe him. No matter how proud he was, he was afraid to face me. No matter where he goes, he’s welcome. No matter + whether, how many, how much, whose… No matter how much I have to pay, I’ll take it. No matter whether you have time or not, you must go there. No matter + 特殊疑问词 结构引导的从句， 可以放在主句之前，也可放 在之后 Don’t open the door, no matter who knocks it.= No matter who knocks the door, don’t open it. No matter whose box it is, it will be kept until the owner returns. = It will be kept until the owner returns, no matter whose box it is. (2) no matter what / who / when…与what- / who- / when-…ever异同 no matter who, what, when等引导让步状语从句时，可与whoever, whatever, whenever等换用。 No matter who knocks, don”t open the door. = Whoever knocks, don”t open the door. 不管谁敲门，都不要开门。 No matter what problem you have, turn to me. = Whatever problem you have, turn to me. 不管你有什么问题，来找我帮忙好了。 含有no matter的从句不能用作主语或宾语，而whatever…不但可以引导让步状语从句，还可 引导主语从句、宾语从句。如下面句中whoever不能 换为no matter who. Whoever told you that was lying.不管那话是谁对你说的，他都是在撒谎。（主语从句） I’ll give my ticket to whoever wants it 谁愿意要我的票，我就给谁。（宾语从句） 6. go on doing sth. 表示的是一个动作不断地进行下去。 （1）When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working. 当有人要他休息一下时，他还是继续工作。 （2）Though it got dark, they went on walking. 虽然天黑了，但他们还继续走着。 go on to do sth. 表示的是结束了一个动作，接着开始另一个动作。 （1）After he wrote a letter to his mother, he went on to do his homework. 他给母亲写完信后，接着做作业。 （2）They watered the flowers and went on to clean the classroom.他们给花浇了水，接着打扫教室。 go on with sth.表示的是在做某件事中断了一段时间后，继续接着做这件没做完的事。 After a while, I went on with the book. 7. know of 听说过，知道有（某人或某事） I don’t know him but I know of him.我不认识他，但我听说过他。 We have never known of such a thing.我们从未听说过这样的事。 We don’t know of anything to prevent you from doing so.我们不知道有什么能阻止你这么做。 know about 了解到；知道…的情况 I happened to know something about him.我正好了解他的一些情况。 They don’t know much about the cause of the fire.他们对火灾的原因了解的不多。 8. recognize的用法 (1)认出；辨认。 例如： Can you recognize his voice over the phone.你能在电话里听出他的声音来吗？ He recognized me at once when we met yesterday. 当我们昨天见面时，他立刻便认出我来了。 (2)承认；意识到。例如： They don't recognize him as their student.他们不承认他是他们的学生。 They all recognize that Taiwan belongs to China.他们都承认台湾属于中国。 I didn't recognized that he was right until he explained it again.直到他再解释后,我才意识到他是对的。 9. contribution n. “贡献” a. contribution to “对……的贡献” make/give contributions to “对……做出贡献” The invention of the typewriter is a great contribution to printing. 打字机的发明是对印刷术的一大贡献。 The Chinese people have made great contributions to the world peace. 中国人民对世界和平作出了巨大贡献。 b. contribute 1）捐献，捐赠 。 后接介词to, toward 或 for Benjamin contributed a large sum to the hospital.本杰明向医院捐赠了一笔巨款。 All the girls in the office contributed toward a wedding present for her. 办公室所有的女孩都出了钱，要为她买一件结婚礼物。 They have contributed much time and effort to founding the nursery. 他们为建立托儿所花了不少时间和精力。 2)有助于；促成；起作用 Some people hold that air pollution contributes to this disease. 有些人认为这种疾病是空气污染造成的。 His careless contributes to the accidents. 他的粗心大意造成了这次事故。 Her experience contributed towards/to overcoming difficulties. 她的经验有助于克服困难。 10.join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较 1)join有两个用法： (1)指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。 ①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的？ ②She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。 (2)和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth 。如： ①Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗？ ②He'll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。 ③We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？ 2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如： ①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。 ②Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？ 3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。 ①We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。 ②We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。 take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。 Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。 4)attend正式用语，及物, 指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语 只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。 ①He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。 ②I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。 11. keep the audience interested 让听众感兴趣 动+宾+补结构，keep表示“使…表示某种状 He kept his eyes shut and stayed where he was. 他把眼睛一直闭着，呆在他所在的地方。 I want you to keep me informed of how things are going with you.我希望你让我随时了解你的情况。 12. get their brains working 让脑筋动起来；动脑筋 get sth doing 使…开始干… The lecture got us thinking about our future.那次演讲使我们开始思考我们的未来。 Can you get the clock going again?你能使这钟再走起来了吗？ How can we get things moving? 我们怎么样才能使事情开始进行呢？ 13. attempt的用法： n. 尝试，企图，努力 My first attempt at a chocolate cake tasted horrible. 我首次试做的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了。 They failed in all their attempts to climb the mountain. 他们攀登那座山的一切努力都失败了。 Will you at least make an attempt to smile ? 请你至少尝试着微笑一下好吗？ vt. He attempted to leave but was stopped. 他企图离开，但是被阻止了。 I attempted walking along the rope. 我试图沿着绳索走。 Don’t attempt the impossible. 不要试图做不可能的事。 adj. attempted 尝试的，企图的 He was charged with attempted murder. 他被指控企图谋杀罪。 14． light lit, lit/lighted 1. vi.点着, 变亮（常与up连用）点火，点燃 Will you light the fire for me? 你替我点上火好吗？ 2. 照亮；使光明 We lit the candle and the candle lit the room.我们点着了蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。 3.常与up连用, 使容光焕发 Her face lit up when the film star was present. He came in, with a lighted lamp in his hand. adj. 发光的；明亮的; 浅色的；淡色的 a light blue sky 淡蓝色的天空 轻的，不重的 The basket is very light; I can easily pick it up.篮子很轻，我可以很容易地拿起来。 15. compete v. 比赛，竞争 Will you compete in the race? compete against sb. 与…竞赛 I’ll compete against two rivals for the prize. compete for 为…竞争 The two teams compete for the championship. compete with 与…竞争 Holland once competed with England for the mastery of the high seas. 荷兰曾与英国争夺公海的控制权. competition n. be in competition with sb. for sth. 与某人为…竞争 competitive adj. a competitive advertisement a competitive price competitor n. 竞争者 Word power Step1: Brainstorming Everyone knows that Liu Xiang was the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-mere hurdles. Can you think of any words to describe him? He is a hard-working sportsperson. He is a well-trained athlete. Please analyze the part of each part of the words on the blackboard hard-working (adj.)：hard(adv.) working (v-ing) sportsperson (n.): sports(n.) person (n.) well-trained (adj.): well(adv.) trained (v-ed) We can create new words by putting two or more words together, can you think about words that are created this way? Step 2: Compound words 1. A compound word is made when two words are joined together to form a new word. Read the dialogue on page 26 and use your own words to define the compound words. First I will give you some examples to help you understand. handbag, a small bag carried on a person’s hand; long-lasting, that can last for a long time; teacup, a cup that contains tea; sightseeing, the activity of seeing sights as a tourist; three-day, lasting for three days English words are derived from the combination of two different words. Think about the following questions: When you come across unfamiliar words, do you often use the knowledge of word formation to guess the meaning of the new word? If so, can you think of some examples? 2. Read the instructions, the tables and the formation rules of compound adjectives and compound nouns. Think about the following question: How are these words formed? Formation Compound adj. Formation Compound adj. adj. + n. +ed kind-hearted; warm-blooded; snow-capped; old-fashioned n. +v-ed air-conditioned; hand-picked; man-made; heart-broken adj. + v-ing easy-going; strange-looking; smooth-talking; adj. + v-ed hard-boiled; full-blown; clear-cut; adv. + v-ing hard-working; never-ending; long-lasting; far-reaching adv. + v-ed well-educated; well-paid; well-behaved; well-known n. + adj. adj.+ adj. power-free; world-famous; nationwide extraordinary n. + n. n. + v-ing weight-loss first-class eye-catching window-shopping 3. Read the instructions for the exercise on page 26 and guess the meanings of the compound words and the part of speech of each word first. 1) brand new 2) outgoing 3) happy-go-lucky 4) sightseeing 5) well-known 6) mouth-watering7) suitcase 4. Look at the bold word at the beginning of each row of words. Try to make a compound word by combining the bold word with one of the words after it. There may be more than one correct answer. news stand paper reader news-stand, newspaper, newsreader pig tail pen skin Pigtail, pigpen, pigskin sand paper storm box sandpaper, sandstorm, sandbox lady bug finger fish ladybug, ladyfinger, ladyfish eye drop brow lid eyedrop, eyebrow, eyelid hand bag shake book handbag handshake handbook Step 3: Olympic sports and events 1. How many gold medals did the Chinese team win during the 2004 Athens Olympics? In what sporting events did they win these medals? How many different kinds of Olympic sports events can you name? A a 3 b 2 c 1 d 4 2. Olympic events are often grouped into different categories. Some belong to track and field events, some are part of gymnastics, and others are water sports. Complete the exercise on page 27. Track and field event gymnastics Water sports 20 km race walk 100 m sprint discus throw high jump long jump marathon relay race balance beam floor exercise horizontal bar parallel bars individual all-round rings uneven bars 200 m butterfly platform dive springboard dive water polo 100 m backstroke 100 m butterfly 200 m freestyle 3. Let’s read Part A the Reading section on page 96 of your Workbook and answer the questions below it. 4. Language Points: involve vt. 需要; 牵连，包括；使某人参与/陷入 The scheme involves computers. 这一设计离不开计算机。 involve sb. in doing sth.使某人参与某活动 Don’t involve me in solving your problem. 你解决你的问题，别把我拉进去。 He was involved in a heated argument. 他参与了一场激烈的争论 involve sb./sth in sth 使某人/某物陷入（困境）： involve sb. in expense/ a lot of trouble使某人破费/使某人招惹许多麻烦。 2. come up (植物)长出地面；（太阳）升起；被提出，被讨论； The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪花莲刚刚开始长出地面。 We watched the sun come up. 我们观看日出。 The question came up at the meeting. 这个问题是在会议上提出来的。 有关come up 的短语用法： come up ( to ) 开始上大学 She came up ( to Oxford ) in 1982. 她1982年（到牛津）上大学。 come up to sth. 升到某点，达到……标准 The water came up to his neck. 水升到他的颈部。 He has come up to his usual high standard.他已经达到平日的高水平。 come up with sth 找到或提出 She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 她想出了增加销售量的新主意。 3. convenient (The opposite is inconvenient.) adj. 1. suitable for your purposes and needs and causing the least difficulty合适的，方便的 Our local shop has very convenient opening hours. A bike's a very convenient way of getting around. [+ that] It's very convenient that you live near the office. [+ to infinitive] I find it convenient to be able to do my banking by phone. What time would it be convenient for me to come round? Will it be convenient for you to give me a reply tomorrow? 2. near or easy to get to or use便利的 a very convenient bus service Our new flat is very convenient for (= near to) the kids' school. If (it is) convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office. convenience n. [U] when sth. is convenient: I like the convenience of living so near work. Just for convenience, I'm going to live at my mother's place until my new house is ready. Come to see me at your convenience. 在你方便的时候来看我 Let’s look into the matter tomorrow, if it suits your convenience. 如果你方便的话, 我们明天来调查这件事。 相关高考试题 (2005天津) If it is quite _______ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable (2003北京) Come and see me whenever ___________. A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you 答案：A C Grammar and Usage Step 1: General introduction Step 2: Practice 1. Now look at the blackboard, I’d like you to explain the meanings of the different modal verbs used in this sentence: I might/may/could/should/ought to/will/must watch the TV programme tonight. When might is used, it shows that the speaker is uncertain whether he or she will do something. When may is used, it shows that the speaker is s bit more certain than when might is used. Could is more certain than may, but less certain than should and ought to. Should and ought to are more certain. When we use will, we mean we are quite certain that we will do something. If we use must, we are almost certain to do something. 2. If you want to have a look at your friend’s book, what do you say? (Can I have a look at your book?) What does your friend say to you? (‘Of course, you can.’ Or ‘sorry/No, you can’t) So can is also used to ask for permission, especially in informal or spoken English. 3. Now read Part 1 on page 28 to find out how modal verbs are used to talk about ability, obligation, certainty and permission. Pay attention to the three arrows that illustrate the degrees of obligation, certainty and permission when modal verbs are used. 4. Read part 2 and use modal verbs to make requests, suggestions or offers, and give advice. e.g.: Will/Can you read the sentence once more? (To make a request.) Shall we watch a film tonight? (To make a suggestion) I will help you if you have any problems (To make an offer) The manager is not in now. You should come back at three o’clock (To give advice) 5. Now please read the instructions for the exercise on page 29. Then complete the article individually and I will check the answers later. (1) must (2) has to (3) must (4) must (5) should (6) ought to (7) could (8) may (9) could 6. Read Part 4 on page 28 and try your best to understand why the continuous form or the perfect form is used with a modal verb in the example sentences. First I’ll give you some examples: John isn’t here to attend the party. He must be reviewing his notes for the big exam tomorrow. (The speaker thinks that John is reviewing his notes now.) Tom knows nothing about the subject. He can’t have been at the lecture yesterday. (The speaker is sure that Tom did not go to the lecture yesterday.) The money is gone. Who could have taken it? (The speaker does not know who has taken the money.) Step 3: Comparison of some pairs of model verbs comparison can, be able to shall, will need, dare mustn’t, needn’t 1. Read Part 1 on page 30 and find the differences between can and be able to. •Be able to is more formal and less common than can when referring to ability. •Be able to can be used in different tenses or after other modal verbs, for example, will /shall be able to , would/should be able to , have/has /had been able to, must/may/might be able to. •Be able to can be used after the infinitive marker to. •The past form of be able to is was/were able to. •Can is more common and informal than be able to when referring to ability •Can can be used to talk about a possible future action. •The past form of can is could. Now please make some sentences with be able to and can, using different tenses, or after modal verbs or in a to-infinitive. 2. Read Part 2 and then complete the chart below. Shall Will In affirmatives expressing promises expressing determinations or decisions In questions making offers or suggestions for third person asking about willingness for the second and third person Make some sentences using shall or will. Let’s complete the dialogue ( Part B on page 31), and then read the dialogue in pairs to check your answers. B (1) Shall (2) shall (3) will (4) will/shall (5) will (6) will/shall (7) shall/will 3. Read Part 3 which explains the use of mustn’t and needn’t and then make sentences 4. Read Part 4 which explains when to use need or dare as modal verbs 5. Read the instructions for Part A on page 31, and then complete the passage. A (1) can (2) dare (3) can/could (4) may/might/could (5) mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t (6) mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t (7) can (8)needn’t Step 4: Consolidation I. Relative items in recent years’ college entrance examination 1. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word. (NMET2000) A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 2. --Is John coming by train? --He should but he not. He likes driving his car. (NMET2002) A. must B. can C. need D. may 3. How you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. may 4.“The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,”declared the judge. (04重庆) A. may B. should C. must D. shall 5. --I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. --You her last week. (04重庆) A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told 6. --Excuse me, is this the right way to the Summer Palace? --Sorry, I am not sure. But it be. ( 04湖北) A. might B. will C. must D. can 7. I pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (04浙江) A. should B. might C. would D. could 8. --I don’t mind telling you what I know. --You .I’m not asking you for it. ( 04江苏) A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t 9. --Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there? --No, it be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. ( NMET2004) A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not 10. Children under 12 years of age in that country be under adult supervision when in a public library. A. must B. may C. can D. need 11. --Who is the girl standing over there? --Well, if you know, her name is Mabel.（04天津） A. may B. can C. must D. shall 12. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers not like the design of the furniture. A. must B. shall C. may D. need 13. --Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. I go out and play with Tom for a while? --No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. ( 04辽宁) A. Can’t B. Wouldn’t C. May not D. Won’t 14. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 15. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police? (04海南内蒙等地) A. should B. may C. will D. can 16. I have lost one of my gloves. I it somewhere. ( 05安徽) A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped 17. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 18.Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! (NMET2005II) A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not 19. - I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____ I have a look? -Yes, certainly.（2002春） A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should 20. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ____ have taken it. (03上海春) A. should B. must C. could D. would II. Translation 1. 我相信当刘翔赢得男子100米跨栏金牌时，所有的亚洲人都一定非常自豪。 2. 在选择一个合适的野营地点时，我们应当首先考虑是否方便。 3. 老板做出了承诺，若你下个月工作良好，你就可得到更高的工资。 4. 没人理解他怎么敢在那种情况下跟总经理那样说话。 5. 我表弟一定非常努力,才会表演的如此好。 6. 半夜响起了敲门声，我们都纳闷儿可能会是谁呢。 Keys: I. 1-5BDADD 6-10AADA A 11-15CCABA 16-20BABBC II. 1. I’m sure people all over Asia must have felt very proud when Liu Xiang won the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles. 2. When choosing a suitable place for camping, we should first consider whether it is convenient. 3. The boss made a promise that if you work well next week, you shall get even higher wages. 4. No one could understand how he dared say that to the general manager in that case. 5. My cousin must have made a great effort so that he gave such a good performance. 6. We all wondered who it could be when there was a knock on the door at midnight. Language Points: 1. I’m pretty sure. 我相当肯定。 Pretty 是副词，表示“相当”（表示程度），可以修饰形容词和副词。 Her sister is still pretty sick. 她的妹妹仍然病的厉害。 She was in pretty good health; only a little tired. 她身体相当好，只是有点累。 The wind blew pretty hard. 风吹得相当厉害。 2. protect yourself from possible dangers 保护自己免于危险 protect sb．／sth．against防御，保护…使不受(伤害)， against可换成from，即protect sb．／sth．from… ①A line of forts was built along the border to protect the country against attack． 边界沿线构筑了碉堡，以防敌人进攻该国。 ②He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight他戴着太阳镜以挡强烈阳光。 说明： against和from用法基本相同。防御较为严重的伤害，通常against，一般用from Cares should be taken at all times to protect the equipment against／from dust and damp． 应当经常注意保护设备，不使其积尘和受潮。 Task Advising a friend Skills building 1: listening for specifics you will learn how to listen for specifics in conversation and the words you should pay attention to. 1. First let’s read the instructions on page 32, so you will know how to select the information you want. Please pay special attention when a speaker makes some corrections, changes his or her mind or says something irrelevant. 2. Now you will listen to the conversation between Ma Yan and Yu Lei about the 2002 World Cup and complete the note sheet. Before you listen, go over the sentences on the note sheet so you will know what you are going to listen to and what you should pay attention to. Tapescript Ma Yan: Do you like football, Yu Lei? Lu Lei: Yes, I do. Ma Yan: Me too. What’s your favorite team? Lu Lei: That’s easy. Manchester United. Ma Yan: No, I mean which national team? Lu Lei: Oh, well then that would be England. I used to like Holland, but England is now my favorite. Ma Yan: Did you watch England play at the World Cup in Korea and Japan in 2002? Lu Lei: Yes. I saw the games on TV, but England only played in Japan. Ma Yan: Where was the World Cup held before that, in 1998? Lu Lei: In the USA, I think. Ma Yan: Wasn’t it in France, Yu Lei? Lu Lei: That’s right! What’s your favorite team? Ma Yan: That’s difficult. It used to be France, but now I support China. Lu Lei: Why? Ma Yan: Because they’re our own team, and because they played in the 2002 World Cup for the first time. Lu Lei: Do you think the first Asian World Cup was a success? Ma Yan: I think the 2002 World Cup was extremely well organized and the host countries provided a very warm welcome to the fans. It was definitely a success. Lu Lei: Will you watch the next World Cup? Ma Yan: Of course. Lu Lei: Would you ever go to see the matches live? Ma Yan: I’d love to, but the tickets are too expensive. Answers 1. Yes 2. England 3.Yes 4. Japan 5. France 6.China 7. Yes 8. Yes 9. No Step 1: completing a new training schedule You will be able to improve your listening skills by listening to a conversation between a coach and an athlete. Try to use the skills your have learnt in Skills building 1. 1. You are to know what you are going to listen to with the help of the instruction on page33. Read the training schedule and make some predictions if possible. Any new words to you? Do you know what the word ‘decreased’ means here? We know the meaning of the word ‘increased’, which means ‘to get bigger in size or amount. ‘Decreased’ has the opposite meaning of ‘increased’. So what does it mean? (‘Decreased’ here means ‘to become less or fewer’) Look at the word ‘per’. Can you guess the meaning of it? We often use the word together with words such as ‘day’, ‘week’ or ‘hour’. We can use this word in the sentence: The car can travel at 79 miles per hour. ‘Per hour’ means ‘every hour’ or ‘an hour’. From this, we know that ‘per day’ means ‘every day’ or ‘a day’. After reading the sentence ‘Sports massages help to make muscles…’ can you guess the meaning of the word ‘massage’? Here is another sentence: ‘She gave me a back massage to help ease the pain.’ What do you think ‘massage’ mean? (‘Massage’ means ‘the action of rubbing or pressing part of one’s body’.) 2. Now please listen to the recording and complete the training schedule individually, and then check your answers in pairs to see if you got the same answers. Tapescript Coach: hi! How are you today? Athlete: I feel a bit tired. Coach: Well, I want to talk to you about the training you need to do for the inter–schools sports competition. You must make a few changes. At the moment you’re only doing an hour of training per day, right? Athlete: Yes. Coach: You need to increase that to two hours a day. Athlete: Two hours?! What will I do during the extra hour every day? Coach: You’ll have to do some strength-building exercises twice a week. Athlete: What does that mean? Coach: Strength training is doing exercises with weights, in a gym. Athlete: Ok, that’s not too bad. What else? Coach: You ought to have a sports massage every week. Athlete: That sounds more like it! How will the massages help me? Will they make my muscles more flexible? Coach: Not necessarily more flexible, but certainly more relaxed. You also have to do flexibility and balance training three times a week. Athlete: Does that mean running and working out in the gym? Coach: No, it means exercise such as yoga. It helps you focus your mind and train your body. Athlete: It sounds tiring! Coach: Yes, but you do get eight hours of sleep every night. Now, about your diet… Athlete: So what should I eat? Coach: First of all, lots of grains. That means things like rice and cereal. And you can only eat white meat, such as chicken and fish. Red meat is not allowed. Athlete: What? I love fast food. Does that mean I can’t eat hamburgers any more? Coach: I’m afraid so. Athlete: Oh, no! And Pizza? Coach: No, you shouldn’t eat that either. But you must eat three servings of vegetables per day and for servings of fruit. Athlete: Okay, I can do that. And what should I drink? Coach: You have to drink ten glasses of water a day. And no soft drinks. Athlete: Wow, that’s lot to drink. Should I only drink water? Coach: No, you can also drink tea. But you should make sure it doesn’t have any caffeine in it. Do you think you can follow these guidelines? Athlete: If it will improve my performance, I’m willing to try. Coach: Good. See you tomorrow. Bye. Athlete: Bye, Coach. Answers Name of athlete: (student’s own name) 1. increased 2. 2 3. weightlifting 6. 8 3. False 9. True 10. vegetables 11. 4 12. water tea without caffeine Skills building 2: identifying/selecting relevant information In this unit, you will learn how to identify and select relevant information when you are reading or listening to English. 1. Read the guidelines on page 34. You will then know that when you are reading or listening to English, it is important to identify which information applies to you and the task you are working on. 2. Now read the letter and underline the information related to the topic of the report you are going to write. Answers Table tennis, also called ping-pong, is played throughout the world and is an Olympic sport. The exact origin of table tennis is not known. …it began in England in the 1890s. Today, players from China, South Korea and Germany among others play leading roles in the international table tennis competitions. Step 2: designing a new daily routine 1. How many hours should the athlete sleep every night? How many hours should he or she train every day? Read the first leaflet and tell us what the leaflet is about 2. Now let’s come to the second leaflet. Do you know what meat is red meat? (pork, beef and lamb.) 3. Please make changes on the daily routine individually, after you have finished it, I will check the answer as a class. Sample answers 7:00 a.m. get up 7:30 a.m. breakfast: eggs, wholemeal bread, fruit and water, or tea without caffeine 8:00 a.m. school 12:00 p.m. lunch: rice, vegetables, chicken, water and fruit 3:30 p.m. 2 hours of training 5:30 p.m. homework 6:30 p.m. dinner: rice, vegetables, fish or chicken, fruit and water 8:00 p.m. watch TV/sports massage 10:00 p.m. homework 11:00 p.m. bed Skills building 3: giving advice and making suggestions In this unit, you will learn how to give advice and make suggestions. Different pattern are presented to you for you to practice giving advice and making suggestions. 1. Read the three points in the first part on page 36. Pay attention to the difference between advise and advice in Pattern 1. The predicate verb forms in the if–clause and main clause in pattern 2, and the usage of suggest in Pattern 3. You can use these patterns to make some sentences. I’ll give you some examples: I advise you to go there by bike instead of by bus. I advise that you (should) go to bed a bit earlier, to avoid being tired. Our teacher often gives us useful advice on how to study English. If I were you, I would buy that dress. It fits you well. My coach suggested that I should train six hours per day. I suggest going there on foot. We can also use some other patterns to give advice or make suggestions: You’d better take off your wet shoes, or you’ll catch a cold. Let’s not start too early. We don’t want to be tired. 2. Let’s come to the second part. We can use question forms to make suggestions. For examples: Don’t you think it is a good idea to go out for a walk on such a fine day? Why don’t you phone her right now and ask her to come this afternoon? Why not wear the blue hat. You look pretty with it on. Shall we stop and have a rest? What about renting a car? It would be better than taking the bus. 3. Read the dialogue on page 36 in pairs and underline the sentences which give advice and make suggestions. Answers Andy: I’m not sure which activity to do at the sports day. Any suggestions? John: You are good at the 400-metre race. Why not try that? Andy: Are you joking? Do you think I can beat Mike in Class One? John: What about the high jump then? Andy: No. Do you think I should try the long jump? John: Well, don’t you think it would be a better idea for me to do that one? I’m pretty good at it. Andy: I think I am good at it too. I suggest that you run the 100-metre race. No one in our school can beat you. If I were you, I would certainly choose that. John: But I haven’t practiced for a long time. Shall we do some training? Andy: That’s a good idea. Will Saturday morning do? John: Yes. Step 3: offering advice to your friend 1. Read the instructions in Part A, write down the questions you are going to ask your partners. Then do a questions-and-answers exercise and you should take notes of your partners’ answers and complete the chart in this part. Sample answers A Questions Notes Sports/Exercise Do you like playing sport? How often do you exercise? What is your favorite sport? What kind of exercise do you do? Yes. Once a week. Basketball. Running and jumping. Food/Diet Do you eat fruit and vegetables? What do you drink with your meals? What is your favorite food? What do you usually have for breakfast/lunch/supper? Sometimes, not every day. Soft drinks, such as Coke and juice. Meat, especially pork and beef. For breakfast: eggs, toast with jam, milk; For lunch: rice, chicken, coke; For supper: rice, beef, lemonade. Hobbies/Activities What do you do in your spare time? How much TV do you watch? Do you go to the cinema often? What kind of films do you like watching? Internet café, computer games. Half an hour every day. No, not often. Actions films. Sleep Do you think sleep is important? What time do you usually go to bed? How long do you usually sleep every night? What do you usually do before you go to bed? Yes. At about 12 p.m. About 6 hours. My homework. Daily Routine How would you describe your daily routine? Busy with school lessons and homework. 2. According to the chart in Part A, offer some advice to your partner. Write down your advice and then I’ll check your answers. Possible example B My advice is: *I advise you to take more exercise during the week---perhaps three or four times each week. *I suggest that you have three servings of vegetables and fort servings of fruit per day. *If I were you, I would not drink soft drinks. Why don’t you drink water instead? You should drink ten glasses of water every day. *I advise that you go to bed no later than 10 p.m. every night. *I also advise that you have at least 8 hours of sleep every night. *I suggest that you shouldn’t spend too much time in the Internet café or playing computer games. 3. Listen to the recording of Parts A and B on page 96 of your Workbook to get the information needed, and then finish Part C. Sample answers A 1. About 300 years ago. 2. Spain, Portugal, some parts of France, Cuba, Mexico, Venezuela and the USA. 3. Because bulls are actually color-blind. 4. They will usually be taken away from the ring and killed after the fight. 5. Because the matador can be badly injured, or even killed. Language points: 1. have been very busy training 一直忙于训练 have been doing是现在完成进行时，由have (has) been 加现在分词构成， 主要表示现在以前这一段时间里 一直在进行的一个动作， 这动作可能仍然 在进行， 也可能停止了一会儿： How long has it been raining? 一直下了多长时间的雨？ I've been sitting here all afternoon. 我下午一直坐在这儿。 2. The net stretches across of the table. 网从桌子的中心横跨而过。 stretch “伸”长，有时表示“伸长身子，伸懒腰”等。 She got out of bed and stretched. 她从床上起来伸懒腰。 His scarf was so long that it could stretch across the room. 他的围巾这么长，以致可以横跨整个房间。 3. be of use= be useful 有用处，起作用。 I don’t want it, but it may be of use to someone else. 我不需要它，但是它可能对别人有用。 Don’t throw away anything that may be of use. 不要扔掉可能有用的任何东西。 “be of +抽象名词”=“be+ 相关的形容词”。如help, value , importance 等, 相当于形容词。这些名词前可用great, no, little 等词修饰。 be of great use = be very useful be of great help = be very helpful be of no importance = be not important be of no value = be not valuable The world peace is of great importance. = The world peace is very important. 世界和平非常重要。 The product is of high quality. = The quality of the product is high. 这种产品质量很高。 4. I suggest (that) you (should) go and have your teeth checked. (1) suggest作“建议”讲时，后面可以跟代词，名词，动名词作宾语。 She suggested a way out of the difficulty. I suggested putting the meeting off. I suggested my/me staying here. 作“建议”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。而作“表明”时，后面的宾语从句用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that the students (should) relax themselves on Sunday. （建议） His pale face suggests he is in poor health. (表明） 5. have sth done 1)“have sth done”意为“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”。 We had the machine mended just now. 我们刚才请人把机器修好了。 The patient is going to have his temperature taken. 这个病人准备让人量体温。 2)have sb do sth “ have + sb + do sth”意为“让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”。 The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day. 老板经常要他们一天工作 14个小时。 I'll have someone repair the bike for you. 我会让人为你修理自行车的。 Don't forget to have Mr Brown come to our party. = Don't forget to ask / invite Mr Brown to come to our party.别忘了让布朗先生来参加我们的晚会。 3)have sb / sth doing “ have +sb / sth + doing” “使某人／物一直处于某种状态”。 Don't have the baby crying! 不要让婴儿啼哭！ Don't have the dog barking much, Lilin. 李林，别让狗狂吠不停。 6. permit vt. 容许，许可；使……有可能性 Dogs are not permitted in he building. 不容携狗进入楼内。 We do not permit smoking in the office. 在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。 I’ll come tomorrow, weather permitting. 要是天气许可，我明天一定来。 permitted adj. 许可的 permitted drinks 准许喝的饮料 permit n. 许可证，通行证 permission n. 许可 with/ without one’s permission 得到/没得到某人的许可 Project Entering a new sport into the Olympics Reading 1. First I’d like to ask you some questions and please express your opinions freely. What sporting events are performed in the Olympic Games? Which of these sporting events do you like best? Why? Do you know why these sporting events are held in the Olympics? How can we try to enter a new sport into the Olympics? 2. If you want to get some information about how to enter a new sport into the Olympics, you can read the article in Part A on page 38. Find out how many parts there are in this article and what information each part talks about. Let’s read the article part by part and try to find the detailed information in each part. Part 1 What requirements must be met before a sport can be considered by the IOC? First, a sport must have its own international association. Next, it must be practiced by men in at least 75 countries on at least four continents and practiced by women in at least 40 countries and on three countries. Besides, a current sport must be dropped. Part 2 What sports have been removed from the Olympics? Why? Golf, rugby, polo and power boating. Because these sports became less popular and had to make way for new, more popular sports. Part 3 What sports have been added in the Olympics only recently? And in which year? Tae kwon do, in 2000. What other sports will probably be included? Why? Rugby and golf. Because they are now very popular and are played all around the world. Part 4 Which sport is still trying to get into the Olympics? Wushu, a Chinese martial art. Do you think it is possible for Wushu to become one of the sporting events in the Olympics? Why or why not? 3. Now let’s do B1 and B2 on page 89 of their Workbook. This exercise will help you become more familiar with the usage of the words and phrases learnt in this section. 4. Do D1 and D 2on page 91 of you Workbook ad homework. Entering a new sport into the Olympics Planning Now let’s work in groups of four and discuss the Olympic rules for entering a new sport and choose a sport you think should/should not be in the Olympics and list the reasons why you think so. You should write down the name of the sport your group has chosen. Preparing Entering a sport into or dropping one from the Olympics can be quite a long process. There are many requirements that must be met before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee. You may look for information as much as you can in different sources. Producing Now you each write a draft of your part. And put what you’ve written together. Remember to proofread the speech carefully to correct mistakes if there are any. New ideas can be added to make it more attractive. Presenting At last, you’ve got to present your speech to the whole class. Make the best of the chance to speak with confidence and prepare to answer any questions the other students may have. Language Points: 1. This helps will ensure that the IOC can keep the Olympics under control. (1) ensure 保证，保证有 I can’t ensure that he will be there in time. 我不能保证他会及时到这儿来。 Come early to ensure getting a good seat. 早点来确保找个好座位。 (2)under control （被）控制住, keep… under control 将…控制住 Keep your temper under control. 控制住你的脾气。 It was a long time before they got the flood waters under control.他们花了好久才把洪水控制住。 be in control of sth. 指挥，管理，支配 She may by old, but she’s still in control (of all that is happening ). 她尽管人已老了，然而人由她掌管（一切事情）。 Who is in control of the project? 谁是这个项目的负责人？ be /get out of control失去控制 The children are out of control. 管不住这些孩子了。 2.These sports were usually removed…to make way for…(P38) give way to sth. / make way for sth. 1) to be replaced by sth., especially because it is better, cheaper, easier, etc: |
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