Unit 9 Health Care语言点详解(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)
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（江苏省石庄高级中学：秦建华课堂教学用）
Words and expressions
1.abuse n.& vt.滥用，虐待，辱骂
（1）［U］对某物（某人）的滥用、妄用或虐待
drug abuse滥用麻醉药品 child abuse虐待儿童
abuse of trust/privilege 辜负别人得到的信任/滥用职权
（2）［C］不正当的习俗，恶习，弊端
put an end to abuses 废止不正当的习俗
（3）vt.滥用，妄用，误用
Don’t abuse your authority.不要滥用你的权威。
He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。
You are always abusing and offending people. 你总是出言不逊得罪人。
Those captives were physically abused. 那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残。
She abused himhim soundly for his neglect.因疏忽被她痛骂了一顿。
2.insurance n.保险，保险业，保险费
（1）［U］保险费,保险金额
When her husband died,she received $20 000 insurance.她丈夫去世后，她得到两万美元的保险金。
He pays out $100 in insurance every year.他每年付保险费100美元。
（2）［C］保险
insurance policy 保险单
How many insurances have you?你入了多少种保险？
insuurer保险公司 the insured投保人
He claimed to be an insurance salesman but later was found to be a fraud.
他自称是个保险公司的推销员,但后来发现原来是个骗子。
3.lay off 解雇，不理会，使下岗
Mr. Wang is a laid-off worker and his wife has income of only 300 yuan per month.
（1）（尤指生意萧条时临时性的）解雇（雇员）
During the recession they laid us off for three months.在营业衰退时期，他们停雇了我们三个月。
（2）停止工作或活动，休息
The doctor told me to lay off for a week.医生要我休息一星期。
I have smoked cigarettes for many years,but now I’m going to lay them off.
我抽烟很多年了，现在打算戒了。
You must lay off alcohol for a while.在一段时间内你必须戒酒。
lay about 攻击；拳打脚踢 lay on 提供；供应 lay out 布置；安排设计（建筑等）
lay up 贮存;使卧病在床 lay aside 搁置, 积蓄 lay over 使延期
4. make matters worse使情况更困难或更危险
（1）to make matters worse=what’s worse=worse still=to make things worse=even worse
=to make the matter worse than all
（2）插入语的其他常见形式
what’s more而且，另外 in short 简而言之 (make it short)
in other words换句话说 judging from... 从……方面来判断
by the way顺便说一下 generally speaking 通常来讲
all in all 总而言之 to tell you the truth 实话告诉你
on the other hand另一方面 to be honest 诚实讲
5. get rid of
（1）摆脱，丢掉
I’ve tried all sorts of medicines to get rid of this cold.为治好感冒，我已经试用了各种药物。
（2）除去，消灭，赶走
How can we get rid of all these flies in the kitchen?
我们怎样才能把厨房里的这些苍蝇统统消灭掉呢？
He just sat there talking all the evening and I couldn’t get rid of him.
他就在那里坐着谈了整整一个晚上，我无法把他撵走走。
6. pressure n. 压力
（1）有力的影响，劝说，压力
under pressure受压力的/被压迫的
put sb under pressure to do sth=force sb to do sth=put pressure on sb(to do0
He only agreed to do it under pressure from his parents.
他是在父母的压力下才同意去做这件事的。
She is constantly under pressure and it is affecting her health.
她经常处于压力下，这严重影响了她的健康。
He works well under pressure. 他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。 （学生讲义后面15有）
We’re trying to put pressure on the government to change the law.
我们试图对政府施加压力使其改变这一法令。
He only agreed to leave the country under pressure.
他是在压力下才同意出国的。
（2）［C］［U］紧迫感，压迫感
I’d like to help out,but I really haven’t got time—pressure of work,you know!
我是愿意帮忙的，但是我实在没有时间——工作压力太大，你知道！
The pressure of city life forced him to move to the country.
都市生活的压力/艰难迫使他迁往乡下。
blood pressure血压
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it. （学生讲义后面15有）
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life. （学生讲义后面15有）
这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。
7.consult
（1）v.查阅（书籍等），（向专业人员等）咨询，请教
to consult a dictionary=refer to a dictionary查阅字典(look up a word in a dictionary)
to consult a lawyer向律师咨询
Have you consulted a doctor about your disease?你找医生看过你的病吗？
He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech.
他讲演时不断看他的笔记本。
（2）consult with（很少用被动语态）与……交换意见，与……协商
Before we can accept the management’s offer we must consult with the workers again.
我们在接受投资方提出的提议以应前再同工人们商量商量。
We will consult together with advisors about her education.
我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。
Consultatine adj. 咨询的
I consulted George about buying a car.
我向乔治请教购买小汽车的事。
I must consult my principal on this matter.
这件事我必须与委托人商量一下。
Consultant顾问/顾问医师
Consultation n. 咨询，征求意见,咨询会，磋商会
（3）consult for
The retired executive consults for several large companies.
那位退休的总裁在好几家大公司当顾问。
8. depend on
（1）相信，依赖，凭靠（某人）=trust=believe in
You can’t depend on John—he nearly always arrives late.你可不能依靠约翰——他几乎总是迟到。
（2）depend on sb. to do/doing sth.相信某人做某事
We’re depending on you to finish the job/on you finishing the job by Friday.
我们相信你在星期五以前可以完成这项工作。
（3）依靠，依赖（尤指钱）
The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.国家（的经济）在很大程度上依靠其旅游业。
（4）视……而定
The amount you pay depends on where you live.付出多少要视你住在哪里而定。
（5）That depends.=It all depends.=That all depend 均为视情况而定
（口语）要看情况而定。
dependent(adj.) be dependent on sb for independent an independent child一个独立的孩子
dependence(n.)
9. prevent
（1）阻止；妨碍（常常构成固定搭配 prevent ...from,from在主动语态中可省略）
prevent sb.（from）doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
be prevented from doing sth. 被阻止做某事
Nothing could prevent him（from）going there.什么事也不能阻止他去那儿。
（2）防止；预防
prevent war 防止战争 prevent disease预防疾病
stop /keep/discourage sb from doing sth
10. aim
（1）v.（将武器等）瞄准，对准……（以便射击）
I aimed at the door but hit the window.我对准门射击，不料打中了窗子。
（2）针对
The programme aimed at young teenagers.这项计划是针对十几岁的少年制订的。
（3）致力于……，打算
The factory must aim at/for increased productions.工厂必须把增加产量作为自己的目标。
（4）aim to do sth.
He aims to be a successful writer.他的目标是要成为一个成功的作家。
He had a high ambition to be a headmaster. 他的抱负,想成为一个校长
I’ll try to achieve my goal of becoming a scientist.实现做科学家的目标
Our teacher has been promoted to headmaster. 我们的老师已被提升为校长了。
（5）aim n.目标，目的，意图
What’s your aim in life?你的生活目标是什么？
The aim of the meeting was to reach agreement about next year’s prices.
会议的目的是要就明年的价格达成协议。
The hunter's target was a wild animal. 这个猎人的目标是一只野兽。
set a goal 制定目标
12. .cure
（1）v.治愈（病人）
This medicine will cure you of your cough.这种药会治好你的咳嗽。
（2）药；药剂
There’s still no cure for the common cold.目前仍没有治愈感冒的药。
对比：treat v.治疗，医治
My sister is being treated for a heart condition.我姐姐正在接受心脏病治疗。
注意：医生治疗病人用treat,如果表示开药、指定特别食物、指导做运动等的具体治疗活动方式则用give treatment,如果用cure就表示治好了病人。
13. as a result 结果
as a/the result（of）由于……的结果
result from 是……的后果，是……的结果
result in（无被动语态）导致，造成
I forget to take my umbrella,as a result,I was wet all over.我忘记带雨伞了，所以全身都湿透了。
As a result of the rain,I was late.雨太大，所以我来晚了。
The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.这次严重的事故是由他粗心造成的。
His attempt resulted in failure.他的企图以失败告终。
as a consequence= in consequence/as a result
After graduation, he became quite lazy. As a consequence, he lost what he owned.
毕业后，他变得懒惰起来，结果失去了自己所有的一切。
in consequence of =as a result of/because of/due to/owing to
In consequence of his rudeness, he was fired by his boss.由于他的粗鲁，他被老板开除了。
14. allowance
1.) 津贴,补贴;零用钱[C]
The child has a weekly allowance of five dollars. 这孩子每星期有五元零用钱。
2.) 分配额;允许额[C]
His allowance for food is $100. 他拨出一百美元用于购买食物。
3.) 承认;允许[U]
the allowance of a claim 对要求权的允准
4.) 认可;容忍[C][U]
the allowance of segregation 对种族隔离的容忍
折扣[C]
If you pay cash now I will give you an allowance of 10% off the price.
如果你现在付现款，我可以给你打九折。
an allowance of $10000 a year每年补助1 万美元
【拓展】make an allowance for sth(在做决定时)考虑到某事物
make allowance for sth体谅某人
15. fee
1.) (付给律师、医生等的)酬金,服务费[C]
I'm afraid I can't afford the doctor's fee.恐怕我付不起看医生的费用。
2.) 费(如学费、会费、入场费等)[C]
They charge a small registration fee.他们收一点注册费。
3.) 赏金,小帐[C]
付费(或小帐)给
She feed the waiter.她付给侍者小费。
bonus (Unit 6)---- A sum of money given to an employee in addition to the employee's usual compensation. 奖金；分红，意外的好处
The workers got a Christmas bonus. 工人得到圣诞节奖金。
The win on the pools was a real bonus.
We like our new house and it's a real bonus that there is a swimming pool nearby.
我们很喜欢自己的新房子,加上附近有座游
16. significance .
1.) 重要性, 重要[U]
The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little significance.
他们在会上提出的建议无足轻重。
2.) 意义, 含义; 意思[U][S]
He did not understand the significance of my wink. 他没有领会我眨眼的意思。
What is the significance of this speech?这个讲话有什么意义？
The significance for college students of doing a part-time job means more than money and experience. 大学生打工的意义还不仅在于钱和经验。
significant adj. 重大的；效果显著的;具有特殊意义的； 意味深长的
a significant speech..意味深长的讲话。
17..devotion .
1.) 献身;奉献[U][(+to)]
We appreciated his devotion of time and money to the project.
我们感谢他为这一项目花费的时间和金钱。
His devotion to science is well known. 他对科学的献身精神为人熟知。
2.) 忠诚;挚爱,热爱[U][(+to/for)]
devotion to music 热爱音乐
供阅读的其他知识点
1.Two years ago,he was diagnosed with tuberculosis.两年前他被确诊患了肺结核。
diagnose诊断(Unit 1)
He was diagnosed with cancer.他被诊断患了癌症。
The book diagnoses our present economic ills.这本书切中了我们现在经济的时弊。
2.He was getting weaker and suffered from constant pain in his chest.他身体越来越虚弱，胸部常常疼痛。
3.To make matters worse,he also had a son in college who had taken a bank loan to pay for his studies.
更糟糕的是，他还有一个上大学的儿子，是从银行贷款上的学。
4.Thanks to the project and the kindness of his family and neighbours,he was able to receive treatment in time to prevent from ruining his health.多亏了这个原料项目，还有家人和邻居的关爱，他得以及时治疗，使自己的健康免遭病魔的摧残。
5.He has also decided to get insurance for his family.”If I had ahd the insurance,the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.I don’t want this to happen to anyone else in my family.”他还决定为全家办保险。“要是我办了保险，这个病就不会引起这么大的问题。我不想让这种情况发生在我家的其他人身上。”
6.The project that saved Wang Lin’s life is one of the many government programmes aimed at improving the situation for the poorest people in China.The project is designed to encourage health care reform and reduce poverty.挽救王林性命的这个项目是中国政府举办的许多项目中的一个，其目标是改善中国最贫困人民的生活。这个项目是为了促进保健的改革和减少贫困。
7.So far,the project has helped more than 2,000 people receive medical aid.到目前为止，这个项目已经帮助了2000多人接受了治疗援助。
8.The Chinese government is also working together with other countries and international organizations to provide easy access to hospitals and clinics for low-income families.中国政府还同其他国家和国际组织一同努力，为低收入家庭提供入院和诊疗的方便。
10.Wang Lin’s situation is not unique.王林的情况并不是唯一的。
But Linnaeus’ idea of grouping plants in families was unique.而Linnaeus把植物按家族来分类的想法却很特别。(Unit 4)
11.By the end of 2003,22 million urban Chinese were living on money given to them by the government.A total of 15.1 billion yuan was spent on supporting those who were unable to make a living.
在2003年之前，中国有两千二百万城市居民靠政府救济生活。花在支援那些无力谋生的人身上的钱总共有一百五十一亿元。
12.This allowance,however,is only enough to cover the most fundmental needs such as food and clothing.It does not cover health care,housing or education.然而这些补贴的钱只够解决衣食等最基本的需要，还不包括保健、住房或教育。
13. For laid-off workers in poor areas,diease puts extra pressure on the family. They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick,nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.If someone becomes seriously ill,the family is forced into poverty.Statistics indicate that disease have caused over 30 per cent of low-income residents to live in poverty.Some families even have to spend all the money they receive from the government on medical treatment and hospital fees. 对贫困地区的下岗工人来说，疾病给家庭带来了更多的压力。他们生了病后看不起病，买不起药物，也无法确保给孩子提供健康的食物。如果有人得了大病，家庭就会陷入贫困。有统计表明，疾病使得30%以上的低收入居民陷入贫困。有些家庭甚至不得不把所有政府补助的钱都拿来作治疗和住院的开销。
15.Among the many aspects of the government’s efforts to fight poverty,health care occupies an important position.(Unit 7 occupy)政府作了许多努力来消除贫困，其中占据重要位置的措施是卫生保健。
16.if low-income families cannot afford to purchase medical insurance,as was the case with Wang Lin,other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed.如果低收入家庭买不起医疗保险，正如王林的情况那样，那么其他脱贫的措施就不能成功。
17.Another great challenge for the government is to stop the spread of AIDS.政府面临的另一个挑战就是阻止爱滋病的蔓延。
18.In order to meet this challenge,the Chinese government has vowed to provide free AIDS tests for the general public as well as free treatment for those who cannot afford it.为了应付这个挑战，中国政府承诺要给公众提供免费的爱滋病测试，并给那些没有嵌看病的 人提供免费治疗。
19.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.有时候人们说，一个社会的好坏可以从它对弱势群体的照顾来判断。
20.As our country develops,we must also remember the responsibilities that come with wealth and prosperity.
随着我们国家的发展，我们必须记住财富和繁荣同时带来的责任。
21.When we move forward,we must make sure that no one is left behind.在我们前进的时候，我们必须保证不让任何人掉队。
Less than half a year later we packed all our things onto a wagon and left our farm.It was not easy to decide what to take and what to leave behind.不到半年之后我们把所有的东西放上马车，离开了农庄。决定哪些东西带走，哪些东西扔下，这是很不容易的事。(Unit 6)
leave behind cause to remain behind; forget to take or bring along; abandon in a retreat 留下；忘带
She left her bag behind in the train. 她把提包丢在列车上了。
22.We cannot allow ourselves to become too selfish. 我们不能让自己变得太自私。
23.When problems arise,we must work together to try to solve them.一旦出现问题，我们就必须共同努力来解决它们。
24.The government’s efforts to fight poverty and improve health care cover several aspects,reducing poverty,helping sick people get treated properly and pvoviding medical insurance for the poor.The funds are limited and it is not possible for the government to meet all the needs,but a series of programmes and the development of local and nationwide health care newworks are signs that the government is serious about health care.政府在消除贫困和加强医疗保健方面所作的努力包括好几个方面：减少贫困，帮助患者得到适当的治疗，以及给穷人提供医疗保险。资金是有限的，政府不可能应付所有的需要。但是，一系列的计划以及地方的和全国的 卫生保健网络的发展都表明，政府对于医疗保健事业是认真的。

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