Unit 7 Living with disease word study(新课标版高二英语教案教学设计)
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Ⅰ．Hot words and hot phrases常用词与常用词组
1．Medical studies show that AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes：cups，glasses，toilet seats，swimming pools，mosquitoes，other insects or blood donation．(P.49)
2．AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body's immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness．(P.51)
3．People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus．(P.51)
4．People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex，by receiving infected blood transfusions or，as in Xiaohua's case，through birth．(P.51)
5．Xiaohua's mother contracted the HIV virus when she was 28，and she died of AIDS only three years after Xiaohua was born．(P.51)
6．The disease is spreading faster in Africa and parts of Asia，mainly because of a lack of proper health care，prevention and education．(P.51)
7．The drugs that are available are much too expensive and difficult to find．(P.51)
8．...but she does not let that knowledge discourage her．(P.51)
9．She also goes to visit other AIDS patients in hospitals across the country to support them and cheer them up．(P.51)
10．The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from．(P.52)
11．...that can persuade hospitals and companies to allocate more funds for AIDS research and education．(P.52)
12．Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIV and the fact she will eventually get AIDS．(P.52)
13．Two years ago，Dr Richards had asked me a great many questions and had taken samples of my blood．(P.55)
14．Mum held my hand and I saw that she was weeping．(P.55)
15．Cancer is a disease that begins in cells．(P.55)
16．In my body，the production of cells is disrupted．(P.55)
17．Doctors do know that cancer is not caused by injury and is not contagious—it does not spread from one person to another．(P.55)
18．The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment．(P.55)
19．Living with cancer has made me realize how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest．(P.55)
20．Every day is a new opportunity and I have learnt to appreciate every minute of each day．

Ⅱ．Language points and grammar focus语言点和语法重点
A．Language points语言点
1．HIV／AIDS is incurable...(P.49)
AIDS is a disease that...leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness．(P.51)
本单元中由前缀或后缀派生出的反义词的小结
2．People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus．(P.51)
完成时的动名词的被动式的内涵及用法
3．As with most diseases and disasters，the young suffer the most．
“定冠词 + 形容词／过去分词”表示“一类人”的用法的小结
4．I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined．(P.55)
1)过去完成进行时的内涵及用法
2)“to have + 宾语 + 过去分词”的两个内涵及用法
5．The treatment was successful and I was able to go home after exactly fourteen months，two days and six hours in hospital．(P.55)
was／were able to do与could do在内涵上的区别及各自的用法
6．I have been living with cancer for two years and...(P.55)
现在完成进行时的内涵及用法

Ⅲ．Skills of the four essential abilities：listening，speaking，reading and writing听、说、读、写四项基本能力的学习技巧
1．Listening：Master the main idea of a long dialogue through the inner connections among the questions so as to have better understanding of the questioned details
从各设问间的内在联系把握较长对话的中心思想，更好理解各检测点的细节
2．Speaking：Talk about deadly diseases and attitudes towards AIDS，cancer，etc.
关于那些致命疾病及对待艾滋病、癌症等的态度的谈论
3．Reading：Make full use of informational words and phrases
充分利用信息词
4．Writing：How to write a personal narrative
如何写一篇个人经历过的叙述性故事

【难点解析】
Ⅰ．Hot words and hot phrases常用词与常用词组
1．Medical studies show that AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes：cups，glasses，toilet seats，swimming pools，mosquitoes，other insects or blood donation．
译文：医学研究表明艾滋病病毒不会通过下列途径传播：水杯，茶杯，坐便器，游泳池，蚊子或其他昆虫及捐献血液。
[讲解]virus是一个可数名词，词义为“病毒，毒素”，它本身是以s结尾的一个单数名词，其复数形式为viruses。
例如：bacterial viruses细菌病毒
动词transmit的词义为“传播，传染”，是个及物动词；via的意思是“经过”，是—个介词。
名词donation的意思为“捐赠物”，其动词形式为donate(捐赠，捐款)，其后常接介词to。
例如：donations to the Red Cross对红十字会的捐款。
[例句]
1)Different viruses can cause influenza，mumps，Smallpox etc．
不同的病毒会引起流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、天花等。
2)The news will be transmitted by radio．
这消息将由电台播送。
3)We went to Shanghai via Tianjin．
我们将经过天津去上海。
2．AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body's immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness．
译文：艾滋病是一种损坏身体免疫系统的疾病，并且使一个人不能抵抗传染病和疾病。
[讲解]动词短语break down的意思是“损坏；拆散了；出毛病；分解”等，是一个及物动词短语；immune是一个形容词，意思是“免除的，免疫的，免疫力的”。
[例句]
1)Once you have had the disease，you are immune from it for the rest of your life．只要你一度患过这种病，但对这种病就有了终身免疫力。
2)A better method is to take the waste in ships far out to sea and let the wind and waves break it down．较好的办法是用船把废弃物运到海洋深处，让风浪把它们分化处理掉。
3．People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus．
译文：在人们感染人体免疫缺损病毒以后，人们就会得艾滋病。
[讲解]动词infect的词义为“传染，感染；污染；影响”，是及物动词。
[例句]
1)Your eyes can be infected．你的眼睛会感染的。
2)He was infected with heavy cold．他传染上了重感冒。
3)His high spirits infected me greatly．
他那兴高采烈的情绪感染了我。
4．People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex，by receiving infected blood transfusions or，as in Xiaohua's case，through birth．
译文：人们可以通过没有采取任何保护措施的性生活，接受已被感染的艾滋病毒的血液，或者像小华一样，通过母婴来传染人体免疫缺损病毒。
[讲解]名词transfusion的意思为“注入，倾注，转移；输血，输液，打吊针”，其动词为transfuse词义为“注入，倾注，转移；输血，输液，打吊针”。
[例句]
1)Many sick people have been saved because of the transfusion service．
很多病人因输血而得救了。
2)The nurse transfused the patient．
护士给病人输了血。
5．Xiaohua's mother contracted the HIV virus when she was 28，and she died of AIDS only three years after Xiaohua was born．
译文：小华的母亲在28岁时就染上了艾滋病病毒，并且在小华仅只有三岁时，就死于艾滋病。
[讲解]动词contract有三个词义：1)签订；2)感染，患上；3)收缩，缩写。其形容词为contracted，名词为contraction。
[例句]
1)He has contracted the bad habit of smoking．
他沾染了吸烟的坏习惯。
2)You have probably contracted the flu．
你很可能得了流感。
3)Water contracts in cold weather．
低温使水收缩。
4)“We have”is often contracted to“we've”．
“we have”常缩写成“we've”。
6．The disease is spreading faster in Africa and parts of Asia，mainly because of a lack of proper health care，prevention and education．
译文：这种疾病在非洲和亚洲部分地区传播得很快，主要是因为缺乏正确的卫生管理，防治和教育。
[讲解]lack在句中作名词用，构成短语a lack of，意思为“缺乏，缺少”，同时还可以说lack of，当lack作动词讲时，意思为“缺乏，缺少；不够，不足”。形容词proper的意思为“适合的，适当的，恰当的；正当的，正确的”，其副词为properly。
[例句]
1)The house could not be finished for lack of funds．
这所房子因缺乏资金建不成了。
2)Lack of confidence in herself made her hesitate．
缺乏自信使她犹豫不决。
3)There is a lack of fresh water on the island．
这个岛缺乏淡水。
4)The child is too ill to be nursed at home；she needs proper medical attention at a hospital．
这孩子病得太重了，不应留在家里护理。她需要在医院得到适当的治疗。
7．The drugs that are available are much too expensive and difficult to find．
译文：这种有效的药是非常昂贵的，并且很难找到。
[讲解]形容词available是由名词avail在后缀able构成的，其意思是“有效的，可行的；可得到的，可用的”。
[例句]
1)The ticket is available on the day of issue only．
此票仅在发售当天有效。
2)Is this book available，please？请问有这本书吗？
8．...but she does not let that knowledge discourage her．
译文：……，但是她没有让知识使她泄气。
[讲解]动词discourage是由否定前缀dis加上courage构成的，其意思是“使受挫折，使泄气；使沮丧；劝阻；阻碍”。discourage后的宾语要用from doing，表示：劝阻某人不做某事，使某人打断做某事的念头。
[例句]
1)It discourages me that every time I try to ride a bike I fall off．
我每次骑自行车都摔下来真叫我沮丧。
2)His mother discouraged him from joining the navy，saying that it was a hard life，but he refused to be discouraged．他母亲劝阻他不要参加海军，说海军生活很艰苦，但他不为所动。
9．She also goes to visit other AIDS patients in hospitals across the country to support them and cheer them up．
译文：她去医院拜访了其他的艾滋病人，支持他们并且使他们振作起来。他们欢呼，喝彩。
[讲解]动词短语cheer up的词义是：使……振作起来／高兴起来。
[例句]
1)Try as we would，we couldn't cheer him up．
尽管我们尽力想办法，但都不能使他高兴起来。
2)The good news that her son had been admitted into Qinghua University cheered the sad woman up．
她儿子已被清华大学录取的好消息使这位悲伤的妇女大为振奋。
10．The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from．
译文：这种病不是艾滋病人必然遭受的唯一一件事。
[讲解]动词短语suffer from的意思为“遭受；生(病)；患(病)”。
[例句]
1)He was suffering from rheumatism．他遭受风湿病的折磨。
2)Do you suffer from air-sickness？你晕飞机吗？
11．...that can persuade hospitals and companies to allocate more funds for AIDS research and education．
译文：通过这种方法可以说服医院和公司来为艾滋病的研究和教育拨出更多的资金。
[讲解]动词allocate的意思是“拨出，留下；分配，分给，分予”，是及物动词，当allocate作“拨给，留下”讲时，其后接介词for。名词fund的意思为“基金，资金，专款”，是个可数名词。
[例句]
1)The government had allocated a large sum for the relief of the sufferers of the disaster．
政府拨出了很大一笔款救济农民。
2)The municipal committee has allocated money for housing．
市委已为建房拨款。
3)The house could not be finished for lack of funds．
这房子因缺乏基金不能建成了。
4)Between them they collected over $ 200 for the fund．
他们一起募集了二百多美元基金。
12．Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIV and the fact she will eventually get AIDS．
译文：小华已经学会了与人体免疫缺损病毒生存，事实上就是她最终染上艾滋病。
[讲解]副词eventually的意思为“最终，最后，终究，终于”，其形容词为：eventual；名词为eventuality。
[例句]
We eventually persuaded him to go with us．
最后我们还是说服了他跟我们一道去。
12．Two years ago，Dr Richards had asked me a great many questions and had taken samples of my blood．
译文：两年前，Richards教授曾经问我许多问题，并且也抽取了我们的血样。
[讲解]a great many的意思是“许多，大量的”，只修饰可数名词，有时还可用a good many，当其直接修饰一个复数名词时，不能加of；但在其后面是限定的名词或代词时，应加of，与many of相同。
[例句]
1)There are a great many animals in the zoo．
动物园里有许多动物。
2)A great many people were at the game．
很多人来看比赛。
14．Mum held my hand and I saw that she was weeping．
译文：妈妈握着我的手，我看见她在哭泣。
[讲解]动词weep的词义为“哭泣，流泪，悲伤，伤心”，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。其过去式及过去分词分别为wept，wept。
[例句]
1)Better children weep than old men．宁让孩子哭，别让老人悲。
2)We wept tears of happiness．我们流出了幸福的泪花。
3)The old woman wept at the sight of so much suffering．
这位老人因看到了那么多的苦难而哭了起来。
15．Cancer is a disease that begins in cells．
译文：癌症是一种始于细胞的疾病。
[讲解]名词cell的词义为“细胞，脑细胞”，其复数形式为cells。如：plant cells植物细胞，cell nucleus细胞核。
[例句]
Your eyes are made of living cells．你的眼睛是由活细胞构成的。
16．In my body，the production of cells is disrupted．
译文：在我的身体里，细胞产生被中断了。
[讲解]动词disrupt的意思为“扰乱；使分裂；使瓦解”，是个及物动词。
[例句]
1)An accident has disrupted railway services into or out of the city．
意外事故扰乱了进出这个城市的铁路服务。
2)Traffic was disrupted by floods．
洪水泛滥使交通中断。
17．Doctors do know that cancer is not caused by injury and is not contagious—it does not spread from one person to another．
译文：医生知道癌症不是通过受伤引起的，并且也不是接触传染的——它不能从一个人传给另一个人。
[讲解]形容词contagious的词义为“接触传染的”，例如：a contagious disease接触传染病。
[例句]
SARS is a contagious disease“非典型肺炎”是一种传染性疾病。
18．The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment．
译文：我身体的癌症暂时已经被控制了。
[讲解]短语for the moment的词义为“暂时，目前，此刻”。
[例句]
1)We won't bother you for the moment．我们暂时不会来打扰你。
2)Please stop discussion for the moment．请暂停讨论。
3)I am busy for the moment．我此刻很忙。
19．Living with cancer has made me realise how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest．
译文：癌症使我认识到了生命可贵，认识到抓紧时间充实生活的重要。
[讲解]形容词precious的意思为“贵重的，宝贵的，珍贵的”，to the fullest的意思为“达到最充实；达到极限，全力地”。
[例句]
1)The most precious things in speech are pauses．
演说中最宝贵的是停顿。
2)Time is precious，but truth is more precious than time．
时间是宝贵的，然而真理比时间更宝贵。
3)Children enjoyed the game to the fullest．
孩子们玩这种游戏玩得十分痛快。
20．Every day is a new opportunity and I have learnt to appreciate every minute of each day．
译文：每一天都是一个新的机会，并且我已经学会了重视一天中的每一分钟。
[讲解]名词opportunity的意思为“时机，机会，条件”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，当其作可数名词时，其复数形式为opportunities；当其作“机遇，良机，前景”讲是不可数名词。
动词appreciate的词义为“重视，完全了解，懂得……的重要价值”。
[例句]
1)A wise man will make more opportunities than he finds．
明智者会创造机会而不仅仅是发现机会。
2)I don't have opportunity to go to the cinema these days．
目前我没有很多看电影的机会。
3)Her method of doing research work is hardly appreciated．
她做研究工作的方法几乎没有受到重视。
4)The foreign politician appreciated the dangers of the situation．
这个外国政治家完全了解形势的危险。

Ⅱ．Language points and grammar focus语言点和语法重点
A．Language points语言点
1．HIV／AIDS is incurable...
AIDS is a disease that...leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness．
译文：人体免疫缺损病毒／艾滋病是不可救治的。艾滋病是一种损坏人体免疫系统的疾病，并且使人无能抵抗传染病和疾病。
[讲解]句中的incurable是由否定前缀in + curable构成的，而defenceless是由名词defence加上否定后缀less构成的。前缀in-和后缀-less都是表示否定的意思。本单元由前缀或后缀派生出的反义词还有：unprotect，discourage，invisible，improper，without，meaningless painless。
[例句]
1)Don't be discouraged，courage is the most important thing．
不要气馁，最重要的是有勇气。
2)There is a visible labor and there is an invisible labor．
有看得见的劳动，也有看不见的劳动。
2．People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus．
译文：人们感染人体免疫缺损病以后，人们就会得艾滋病。
[讲解]句中having been infected用的是动名词的完成式的被动体。动名词的完成式所表示的动作或存在的状态发生在谓语动词的时间之前，如果动名词所表示的动作在谓语动词之前就已经发生，且持续到谓语动词动作发生时仍在持续，也可用动名词的完成进行时形式，其结构为：having been doing。在语态方面，动名词有主动语态和被动语态两种，主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，如果逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，应用被动式。一般情况下，这个逻辑主语是句子的主语。
[例句]
1)We know of plastics having been used as structural material．
我们知道塑料已被用作建筑材料。
2)The machine runs normally because of the motor having been repaired．
因为电动机已修好，故机器运转正常。
3．As with most diseases and disasters，the young suffer the most．
译文：由于太多的疾病和灾难，年青人遭受的痛苦是最多的。
[讲解]句中the young是定冠词the + 形容词，表示“一类人”的用法，常用的这种表达还有：the old(老年人)；the rich(富人)；the poor(穷人)；the sick(病人)。同时此处的形容词还可用现在分词和过去分词转化的形容词，比如：the wounded(伤员)，the injured(受伤者)
[例句]
1)Such books poison the minds of the young．
这种书毒害青年人的思想。
2)The wounded and the dying have been sent to the hospital．
伤员和奄奄一息的人已被送进了医院。
4．I had been sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me ．
译文：很长一段时间我都觉得身体不适，而且我妈妈也把我带到了医院，请人给我做了检查。
[ ]句中had been feeling用的是过去完成进行时，过去完成进行时的结构是主语 + had been + v.-ing，其用法为：表示动作在过去某一时刻之前开始，并一直延续到过去这一时间，这一动作可能已停止，也可能还在进行；换言之，发生在过去的某一动作一直延续到过去某一时间。
[例句]
1)She told me that she had been waiting for me for two hours．
她说她等了我两个小时。
2)They said that they had been studying Chinese for two years．
他们说他们学习汉语已经两年了。
[ ]另外，句中have me examined用的是“have + 宾语 + 过去分词”这种结构，即have sb.／sth. done．此结构有两层意思：1)使某事被做，在用作这一含义，使某事被做是有主语意志的；2)无句中主语的意志，是主语蒙受了坏事，在这些句子中，人或事与done之间含有被动关系。
[例句]
1)Mr. Howe wants to have his washing machine repaired．
豪先生想请人修理洗衣机。(有主语的意志)
2)My uncle had his daughter taught two foreign languages．
我叔叔要他女儿学两门外国语。(有主语意志)
3)He had his pocket picked while doing shopping in a supermarket．
他在超市购物时让人把钱包掏走了。(无主语意志)
5．The treatment was successful and I was able to go home after exactly fourteen months，two days and six hours in hospital．
译文：治疗是成功的，并且在医院正好呆了十四个月零二天六个小时后，我回家了。
[讲解]be able to和can都可表能力，意思上几乎没有什么差别，只是can只有现在时和过去时两种，而be able to则有更多的时态形式。但是如果指过去某一具体事情，在肯定句中用was／were able to，表主语不仅有能力而且实际上做到了。如果用could，则只表明主语有能力，而不表明实际上做到与否。另外，could可用来比较委婉地提出请求、疑问或看法，而was／were able to不能这样用。
[例句]
1)I was able to pass the English examination．
我的英语考了个及格。
2)I could pass the English examination．
我的英语能考及格。
3)Could you wait a few days for the money？
这个钱你们等几天行吗？
6．I have been living with cancer for two years and...
译文：我得癌症有两年了……
[讲解]句中的have been living用的是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时是由have (has) been加现在分词构成(第三人称单数用has，其余人称用have)。现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到说话时为止或到说话时还在继续进行。但要注意，像be，have，like，love，know，see，hear，finish，marry，get up等动词不能用在现在完成进行时态中，只能用在现在完成时态中。
[例句]
1)It has been raining for four hours．
雨已经下了四个小时了。
2)I have been working here for ten years．
我在这儿工作已经有10年了。
3)She has been learning her lessons since morning．
她从早上起一直在学习功课。
B．Grammar focus语法重点
虚拟语气
语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中共有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。本单元所讲的是虚拟语气。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。
本单元要学习关于虚拟语气的以下三个用法：
1．虚拟语气在一般现在时的条件句和主句中的谓语动词的形式如下：
从 句
主 句

过去式(be用were)
would + 动词原形

[例句]
1)If I knew German，I would read Das Capital in the original．
要是我懂德文，我就读《资本论》的原文。
2)If he were here now，everything would be all right．
要是他现在在这儿，一切就都没问题了。
3)How nice it would be if I could stay a bit longer！
2．虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的应用。
如果该宾语从句表示一般现在时，其动词一律用其过去式形式，be用were；如果该从句表示一般过去时，其动词形式要用：had + 过去分词；如果该从句表示现在进行时，其动词形式要用were／was + 现在分词；如果该从句表示一般将来时，其动词形式要用：would／could + 动词原形。
[例句]
1)I wish I were／was as strong as you．
2)I wish I remembered his phone number．
3)I wish I had not forgotten his address the other day．
4)How I wish it weren't／wasn't raining now！
5)I wish he would try again．
3．虚拟语气在含有as if引导的从句中的动词形式与wish后的宾语从句中的动词形式相同。
1)He acts as if he were／was an expert．
2)It seems as if it were／was spring．
3)They are talking as if they had been friends for years．

Ⅲ．Skills of the four essential abilities：listening，speaking，reading and writing听、说、读、写四项基本能力的学习技巧
1．Listening skills听力技巧
Master the main idea of a long dialogue through the inner connections among the questions so as to have better understanding of the questioned details
从各设问间的内在联系把握较长对话的中心思想，更好理解各检测点的细节
含三或四个设问的较长对话的语段肯定比含两个设问的对话语段要长，而且又多于一至二个设问，对这类对话的语段，应该如何应对呢？

首先应该把这类对话的多个检测点迅速牢记在心，待听音时将它们的正确答案一一找出。要想具备迅速将多个检测点牢记在心这一能力，必须解决以下三个问题：
1．从各设问间的内在联系把握对话的中心思想，更好地理解各检测点的细节；
2．练就速记技巧，脑笔同记，边听边记，准确把握各检测点的细节；
3．掌握此类对话的特点与规律，准确确定各检测点的听音重点，去伪存真。
本节主要解决上述第一个问题：从各设问间的内在联系把握对话的中心思想，更好地理解各检测点的细节。
请以高考试题中听力实例举例演示使用这一技巧的过程。
下面是2003年高考试题(北京卷)中的一个实例，请看：
1．Where is the new sports center？
A．On Hill Road． B．On Mill Street． C．On Station Road．
2．What sport did the man do last week？
A．Swimming． B．Basketball． C．Table-tennis．
3．When will they go to the sports center？
A．On Friday． B．On Thursday． C．On Wednesday．
通过审题，你们能从这三个设问中预测此段对话的中心思想吗？
虽然三个设问中没有针对本段对话中心思想的设问，但从三个设问的内容和它们之间的内在联系，完全可以推断出，此段对话的中心思想是围绕着新的运动中心与进行的体育运动展开的。因为第一个设问是：新的体育运动中心在什么地方？第二个设问是：上星期这位男士做了什么体育运动？第三个设问是：他们什么时候要去体育运动中心？

检验预测是否正确，惟一可靠的东西，是这段对话的内容。不过在听此段对话之前，我们必须牢记这三个设问的检测点：1)运动中心的确切地点；2)男士上星期做过的体育运动；3)他们即将去体育运动中心的确切时间。这些是我们听对话时的听音重点。我们要在即将听到的对话中找到这些检测点的正确答案。请听下面这段对话录音：
M：Hello，Julie．Have you been to the new sports center yet？
W：Not yet，Peter．Where is it？
M：On Hill Road，you know，near Mill Street，behind the station．
W：Is it good？
M：Yes，it's great．You can do a lot of sports．I played table tennis last Thursday，and watched the basketball match there，too．
W：What about swimming？
M：There is a very good swimming pool there，too．Do you want to go with me next week？
W：Sure．Any day except Wednesday．
M：Well．Why don't we go on Friday？Then we can stay late．
W：Ok．Let's meet after school．
听前就已经基本知道此段对话的中心思想，真是非常有益于有备而听，有备而听是准确地听懂此段的三个检测点的细节的基础与关键。由于您事先提醒我们要记住的三个要点，所以我完全听得懂这段较长对话。而且我发现较长对话设问的顺序，基本与谈话内容的顺序一致。在男士的话语中，我获取了前两个设问的答案的信息根据：1)体育运动中心的确切地点是在希尔路，而后两个选项的弥尔路与车站街都是他在介绍体育运动中心地址时对其位置的解释；2)在男士向女士介绍体育运动中心的优点时，表述了他在上星期四在运动中心的两项活动：打乒乓球与观看篮球比赛。最后男女双方的问答确定了他们将去体育运动中心的确切时间。所以这三道听力题的答案应是：1．A，2．C，3．A。
2．Oral practice口语训练
Talk about deadly diseases and attitudes towards AIDS，cancer，etc.
关于那些致命的疾病和对待艾滋病、癌症等的态度的谈论
在本教学单元中，我们要学会用英语来谈论有关那些致命的疾病与对待艾滋病、癌症等疾病的态度，我们怎样做才能完成这一教学任务呢？
首先我们应该学会那些有关致命疾病的英语表达方式，然后再学会对待它们的态度的表达方式，以下是这些词汇：
艾滋病AIDS 病毒virus
艾滋病病毒HIV 传播transmit
不可救药的incurable 通过via prep
毒品drug 海洛因heroin
注射inject 可卡因cocaine
饮酒drinking 吸烟smoking
吸毒take drugs 烈性酒alcohol
有瘾的addicted(to) 吸毒的人drug takers
社会问题social problem 严重的serious
注射毒品inject drugs 损坏，破坏break down
免疫系统immune system 不能抵御defenceless against
感染infection 病症symptom
输血blood transfusion
没有任何防护的性行为unprotected sex
感染contract 因……受痛苦suffer from...
危险的dangerous 艾滋病专家AIDS specialist
了解并掌握了这些词汇后，我们应该怎样使用它们谈论那些致命的疾病呢？
谈论那些致命的疾病和我们对这些疾病的态度，可以用以下这些对话方式展开。请看：
1．What is the most serious social problem today？
2．How much do you know about AIDS？
3．Can you tell me what symptoms a SARS patient has？
4．How does an AIDS patient contract such a deadly disease？
5．Why is an AIDS patient incurable？
6．Why is AIDS such a terrible disease？
7．What do you think of drug-takers？
8．Why is AIDS spreading faster in Africa and parts of Asia？
根据你在本课中学到那些有用的词汇，正确地回答上述问题，就可以很好地完成对这些致命疾病及其对它们态度的讨论。
3．Reading skills阅读技巧
Make full use of informational words and phrases
充分利用信息词与词组
在阅读中，在掌握了抓住句子的核心和读懂较难的句子的技巧后，应立即学会充分利用信息词及词组，因为信息词在文章中指引着行文方向。
何为信息词？所谓信息词，即英语中一系列起着桥梁般的承接过渡或承上启下的作用的连词及其词组。这些词或词组有其不同的分类和功能，现分别阐述如下：
1)表示意义转折的连词或词组有：but，however，though，although，even though，even if，otherwise，nevertheless，unlike，on the contrary，on the other hand，in spite of，despite，no matter + 疑问词等。
2)表示原因的连词或词组有：because(of)，on account of，since，as，now that，considering that，that is why等。
3)表示结果的连词或词组有：so，therefore，thus，as a result(of)，so...that...，such...that...等。
4)表示例证的连词词组如下：for example，for instance，take...as an example，as an example／instance等。
5)表示相似性的连词或词组如下：also，too，likewise，similarly，in the same way／manner，in similar fashion，in a similar way等。
6)表示时间的连词或词组有：once，since，(meanwhile)，at the beginning of...，at the end of...，then，earlier，later，before...，after...，(afterwards)，at last，in the beginning，in the end等。
7)表示顺序的连词或词组有：first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)，...，finally，lastly，at last等。
8)表示附加的连词或词组有：in addition，another，still another，other，still more，besides，what's more，furthermore等。
9)表示总结的连词或词组有：in general，generally speaking，in short，in a word，on the whole，to sum up，briefly speaking等。
以上这九类词，从事阅读技巧研究的专家们把它们视为指示器(indicator)或信号(signal)，只要它们一出现，就立刻知道作者下面要写的内容。了解并掌握这些信息词，在阅读实践中，充分地利用它们，不仅可以加快阅读速度，而且还可以提高理解的质量。
4．Writing capacities书面表达能力
How to write a personal narrative
如何写一篇个人经历过的叙述性的故事
本单元在writing中要求我们学会写一篇我们生活中或别人生活中的一件重要的事件。我们怎样才能圆满地完成这个教学任务呢？
首先我们应该了解英语以写事为主的记叙文的写作方法。在写这类短文时，要以事件为中心组织材料。记事的叙述文有四个要素：人物、时间、地点和事件，在叙述事件时，一定要写清楚事件发生的原因，事件的经过与事件的结果。要叙述事件的过程，一般遵循按事件发生的先后的自然顺序，展开写作，即先发生的先写，后发生的后写，但有时也有倒叙与插叙等写作方法。
写作前一定要认真考虑清楚你要叙述的事件的内容，尽力回想起事件中所有的细节，并把你当时对事件的想法与感觉排列出来，要把这个事件上述的四个要素交代清楚，解释你当时的感受和你当时的想法。最后写出该事件在你的一生中非常重要的原因。
在写作中，如果要记叙的内容比较繁杂，就首先明确自己写作的目的，突出重点。如果把次要的事或内容写多了，势必冲淡主要的叙述。因此在动笔前，应做好下列准备工作：
1)确定主题(What do you mainly want to tell you your reader？)
2)组织材料(How will you select and organize your writing material？)
如：Event ①who...？
②when...？
③where...？
④Course of the event：Beginning，how？Why？...
3)结尾(Writing the closing paragraph or summarizing sentence)
如能做到以上这些要点，较好地完成本单元中的写作任务应是不成问题的。

【同步达纲练习】
Ⅰ.课文练习
1．根据句意及提示，在空白处填入适合语境且语法正确的单词。
1)We have a________(十多岁的，青少年的)son．
2)A doctor can't cure his own________.(疾病)
3)Many sick people have been saved because of________.(输血)
4)The TV________(电视公司)provides educational programs．
5)They are________(专家)，but his specialism is omniscience．
2．单项填空。
1)Talk about ________diseases and attitudes towards AIDS，cancer，etc．
A．death B．dying
C．dead D．deadly
2)Some people got ________this strange disease and they died within a few months．
A．infected with B．infected to
C．immune to D．immune with
3)I have been there ________times．
A．a great deal of B．a good deal of
C．a great many D．a large amount of
4)I remember ________you about it once．
A．to tell B．telling
C．told D．tell
5)The book ________on the floor for ten minutes but no one has picked it up．
A．is lying B．has lain
C．has been lying D．lay
3．语法重点练习。
用括号中动词的虚拟语气的正确形式填空。
1)If I________(be)you，I would wear the overcoat．
2)If you________(leave)earlier，you would have caught the train．
3)If you had taken her advice，you________(not fail)．
4)I wish I________(know)several foreign languages．
5)It was a lovely day yesterday，I wish I________(go)for an outing．
6)I suggest that he________(report)the matter to the police．

Ⅱ．阅读技巧
根据本单元【难点解析】中学习到的阅读技巧，仔细阅读以下两个段落，特别要注意它们中那些信息词与信息词组是怎样把这两个段落组织起来的，然后再认真读对这两个段落的分析，这对在阅读中充分重视和利用信息词或信息词组来理解阅读材料大有益处。
[例1]
Political parties may be different from country to country but I know people's political views fall into only three categories(类别)．First is the conservative(保守的)．I haven't travelled much，but in my experience conservatives are all alike no matter where they live．They want to be comfortable，but they don't want to spend much on anyone else's comfort and welfare(福利)．Second is the liberal(自由的)．From what I've read in newspapers，liberals seem to want the government to do everything．They usually don't have much experience in the world of hard work．Third is the“middle-of-the-roader”，who can't make up their minds about which side to be on．In my opinion，most people are in this class．I don't think I fit any of these three categories，but you can place most people into one of these three groups．
虽然这是一段用口语化的语言组织起来的段落，但层次依然非常清楚。全段共有10个句子。第1句后半句通过转折连词but交代了主题：人们的政治观点分为三个类型。接着用表示顺序的信息词(First，Second和Third)交代了段落的三个层次。在第一个层次中，2、3、4三个句子介绍的是“保守党”的政治观点；5、6、7三句交代的是“自由党”的信念；8、9两句表述的是“中间派”的特征。最后一句是作者的观察结论，作为终结句收尾。
[例2]
Though science and new technology have been developing very fast，man has to raise some animals and birds in order to use their special functions(本领)．Take police dogs as the first example．Police dogs can help the police pursue and capture criminals(追捕罪犯)，search for drugs(毒品)and do many other things．Homing pigeons are the second example．During the very special times when telegraphs，radios and phones get out of order and can't work at all，pigeons are always ready to take off and fulfil the tasks man gives them．The third example is the cobra(眼镜蛇)which can be trained to search for drugs as well as to keep watch valuable things，such as diamonds and gold things．In short，we can draw such a conclusion that modern inventions can never take the place of some animals and birds．
处于段首的信息词一出场，有经验的读者便知其后的主句是此段的中心思想。紧接着作者连续用了三个表示例证的信息词交代了警犬、信鸽和眼镜蛇能够做现代科技不能做到的事情。最后作者用了归纳总结的短语进行收尾并与主题句呼应。

Ⅲ.书面表达能力的练习
假定你是北京人民医院的一名护士。在2003年4月底在护理病人时，染上“非典”(SARS)。5月7日确诊后被送进小汤山医院。起初见到许多医护工作者先后病倒，自己感到异常恐惧，觉得要不久于人世，但在其他大夫和护士的精心护理下与精神鼓励下，下定决心战胜病魔，积极配合治疗，最后于6月9日治愈出院。
根据本单元在【难点解析】中书面表达能力专项的讲授内容用英语把这段经历以《我战胜了“非典”，获得了新生》(I've Defeated SARS and Gained a New Life)为题，写一篇短文。
参考答案
【同步达纲练习】
Ⅰ.
1.1)teenager 根据此句的上下文及提示，应填teenager。
2)illness 根据句意及提示，应填illness。
3)transfusion 根据句意及提示，应填名词transfusion。
4)network 根据句意及提示，应填network。
5)specialists 根据句意及提示，应填名词复数。
2.1)D 根据句意及这四个词的区别，应选deadly(致命的)。
2)A 根据句意及infect的用法，应选infected with。
3)C 根据句意及这四个词的用法，A、B选项修饰不可数名词，D选项也修饰不可数名词，只有C选项修饰可数名词。
4)B 根据句意及remember to do sth.及remember doing sth.的用法，应选B。
5)C 此句应用现在完成进行时。
3.1)were 请查看Grammar focus部分(1)。
2)had left 请查看Grammar focus部分(1)。
3)would not have failed．请查看Grammar focus部分(1)。
4)knew 请查看Grammar focus部分(5)。
5)had gone 请查看Grammar focus部分(5)。
6)(should)report 请查看Grammar focus部分(6)。
Ⅲ.
由于提示中已经规定了短文的题目：I've Defeated SARS and Gained a New Life，所以此篇短文的主题已是确定的：你战胜“非典”并且获得了新生。剩下的任务就是如何组织这篇短文的材料了。
此篇短文可按以下四段落来安排：
第一段：介绍自己的工作、工作单位和2003年4月底在护理一位发热病人时染上“非典”。
第二段：“非典”给自己带来的痛苦，被确诊与被送进小汤山医院时的悲观与恐惧心情。
第三段：在大夫和护士的精心治疗与照顾下，尤其在他们对自己在精神上的鼓励下，配合治疗，坚定战胜病魔的决心。
第四段：战胜病魔，康复出院，充分认识到健康与生命的意义。
下面是此篇短文的参考范文：
I've Defeated SARS and Gained a New Life
I'm a nurse working at the medical warm of the Peoples' Hospital of Beijing．At the end of April，2003 while I took care of a patient with a high fever，I fell ill，too．
I suffered so much from the unknown illness that I had a very high fever and a very bad cough as well．Worse still，I had great difficulty in breathing．To everyone's surprise，many of my colleagues fell ill one after another，and the symptoms we suffered from were almost the same．We were soon given the definite diagnosis that we had all contracted a terrible and dangerous disease called SARS．Soon after the diagnosis was made，we were isolated and taken to Xiaotangshan Hospital，which is a special hospital for SARS patients．
At the beginning of my stay at Xiaotangshan Hospital，I fell deep into a feeling of pessimism，despair and fear，giving up all the hopes and thinking that the end of my life would come soon．Just at that time，the doctors and nurses perceived my pessimistic mood，so they managed to encourage me to fight against the disease，cheering me up and convincing me that I would defeat the sickness．Under their careful treatment and nursing，I strengthened my resolve to win the battle against SARS and actively cooperated with my doctors and nurses in the course of the treatment．
About twenty days after I received their successful treatment，I got better and better day by day．In the end，I got completely recovered and was allowed to leave the hospital．Through this experience，I've become fully aware of the significance of health and life，which I will redouble my efforts to cherish and take care of．

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