高三册Unit 5 词汇详解(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)
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convey [ ] vt. -veyed, -veying
1. 运送,搬运,转运[(+from/to)]
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.
用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。
The truck conveyed machinery across the country.
这辆卡车在全国各地运送机器。
2. 传播(声音等)
A wire conveys an electric current.电线传导电流。
Wires convey electricity.金属线导电。
3. 传达,传递,表达[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.
我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
I will convey the information to him.我将把这消息通知他。
If you'll leave a message, I'll convey it to him. 如果你愿意留下口信，我会转告他的。
4. 转让(财产等)[(+to)]
The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son.
老农夫将其农场转让给儿子。
比较：convey， carry， transport， transmit
这些动词，当它们指人或物从一个地方向另一个地方运动时，可相互比较。
convey 常常含有持续、有规律地运动或流动的意思。
carry 适用范围很广，但常常表示运动时支撑着某物：
The train carries baggage, mail, and passengers. 火车运送行李、邮件及乘客。
transport 主要限于人或有形物体的常常是长距离的运动：
Huge tankers are used to transport oil.用巨型油轮来运输石油。
The city uses buses to transport students to school.这城市用公共汽车载送学生去学校。
transmit 指经过、发送或传播某物：
Please transmit the stock certificates by special messenger.
请通过特种邮件投递将股票票证寄来。
The cost of transmitting books by air is very high.空运书籍的费用很高。
advertise [ ] vt. advertisement [ ]
1. 为...做广告;为...宣传
If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.
如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须做广告。
2. 公布;通知
He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election.他告知他们自己要退出选举的决定。
vi.
1. 做(登)广告,作宣传[(+for)]
The company is advertising for typists in the newspapers.
那家公司在报纸上登广告征聘打字员。
The company advertised for a new secretary.
公司登广告招聘一名新秘书。
We should advertise for someone to look after our children.
我们该登个广告聘人来照管孩子们。
brand [ ] n.[C] 商标;牌子[(+of)]
This brand of tea is my favorite.这种茶我最爱喝。
a popular brand of soap.一种大众喜爱的肥皂品牌
vt.
1. 打烙印于;印...商标于
All cattle on the farm were branded with the letter A.
这农场所有的牛都烙上"A"的印记。
consideration [ ] n.
1. 考虑[U][(+for/to)]
That matter is under consideration.
那件事正在考虑之中。
Before writing your answers please give careful consideration to the questions.
请在回答之前仔细考虑一下问题。
Please give the problem your careful consideration.
请你仔细考虑这个问题。
2. 需要考虑的事;动机,原因[C]
Price and quality are the two chief considerations.
价格和质量是两个主要考虑的问题。
3. 体贴;关心[U][(+for)]
He showed no consideration for his wife.
他不体贴他的妻子。
词组：in consideration of报答；由于(=in return for, on account of, because of)
take into consideration顾及，考虑到(=take account of, take…into account)
You take quality into consideration. 您必须要考虑到质量问题
We must take into consideration our ability to pay when we import goods.
我们进口必须考虑我们的支付能力。
I always take fuel consumption（消耗） into consideration when buying a car. 　我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内.
We may take into consideration accepting government-to-government or non-government loans（ 贷款）only if the conditions permit. （注意宾语后置）　只要条件合适，我们可以考虑接受政府间贷款或非政府间贷款。
under consideration在考虑中，在研究中
charge [ ]
vt.
1.使承担：使承担任务、责任或义务：
They charged him with the task of watching the young swimmers.
他们让他承担起看护年轻游泳者的任务
2. 索价;对...索费;[(+for)]
This store often charges only 65 US cents a dozen for large eggs.一打大鸡蛋在这家店里常常仅卖六十五美分。
The fruit seller charged me too much money.
这个水果商要了我很多的钱。
How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle?
他修理自行车收了你多少钱?
How much do you charge for your mushrooms?
你的蘑菇要什么价钱?
3. 控告,指控[(+with)]
He was charged with stealing.他被控犯有偷窃行为。
4.将(电池)充电
将(电池)充电
The battery needs to be charged.
这电池需要充电了。
5. 装填
He charged the gun with powder.装填火药
n.主管,负责；充电（气）；价钱，收费，费用；控告
in charge (of) , in one’s charge, in(under) the charge of 的用法
Mr.Chen is in charge of our class.
The doctor is in charge of the operation. 那个医生负责这个手术。
Mary is in charge of the children.玛丽照看这些孩子。
=The children are in (under)the charge of Mary.= The chldren are in Mary’s charge.
in charge 最常见用法是作后置定语，也作表语；表示主管的，负责的：
the person in charge 负责人；
the officer in charge 主管警官；
Who is in charge here? 这里谁负责？
in charge of 表示负责、主管、看管……的，相当于 have charge of， 也常作后置定语或表语：
the nurse in charge of the patient 照管这个病人的护士；
Dr.Smith is in charge of this ward.史密斯大夫主管这个病房。
in the charge of（这里有定冠词 the）相当于 under the charge of sb. 或 in sb.'s charge，表示……在某人的负责、主管、看管之下，也常作后置定语或表语：
the girl in the charge of the nurse.在这个护士照料下的女孩；
也就是说，in charge of 用以表示“由某人管理”的意思：
the driver in charge of the bus 管理这辆公共汽车的司机，
the bus in the charge of the driver 由这位司机管理的公共汽车。
The charge for admission is US$5. 入场费五美元
No charge for window-shopping.浏览商店橱窗免费
a charge of murder指控犯谋杀罪
比较： accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人
charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…
loss [ ] n. lose的名词形式
1. 丧失;遗失[U]
He suffered a temporary loss of memory.
他暂时丧失了记忆。
2. 损失;亏损(额)[C][U]
It is a great loss to her.
这是她的巨大损失。
His death means a great loss to science.
他的死是科学的重大损失。
blame [ ]
vt. 责备, 谴责；把…归咎于
Don't blame it on him, but on me.
别怪他,该怪我。
They blamed the failure on George.
他们把失败归咎于乔治。
They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。
They blamed the failure of the action on George.
他们把此次行动失败归咎于乔治。
短语：be to blame应受谴责 主动表示被动
The children were not to blame.
孩子们不应受到谴责。
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。
I am to blame.
是我不好。
n. 过失, 责备，（失败等的）责任
I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.
我准备承担这一错误的责任。
The company is ready to take the blame for what had happened.
公司准备对已发生的事情承担责任。
broadcast [ ]
vt. 过去时，过去分词broadcast ，broadcast
1. 广播,播送
The program is broadcast every Monday evening.
这档节目每星期一晚上播出。
vi.
1. 广播,播放
2. 参加广播演出;发表广播演说
The president will broadcast this evening.
今晚总统将发表电视讲话
post
vt. 邮寄,投寄[O1]
Do you mind posting a letter for me?
你能帮我寄封信吗?
n.
邮政；邮寄
You can send letters by post.
你可以邮寄信件。
hand in hand
1. 手拉手地
The little boy walked hand in hand with his mother.
小男孩和他母亲手拉手地走。
The children walk down the street hand in hand.
孩子们手拉手地在街上走。
2.密切关联
Dirt and disease go hand in hand.
肮脏与疾病是密切相关的。
Power and money go hand in hand.
权和钱密不可分。
react [ ]
vi.
1. 作出反应,反应（常与to连用）
How did she react to the news?
她对这个消息反应如何?
How did your mother react to the news? She reacted by getting very angry.
你妈妈对这个消息的反应怎样？她的反应是非常生气。
2. 影响,起作用[(+on/upon)]
The two react upon each other.
这两者互相影响。
3.（常与against连用）反抗，反对Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。
4.（常与with连用）发生化学反应
How do acids react on metals?
酸对金属会起怎样的化学反应?
An acid can react with a base to form a salt.
酸和碱反应会产生盐。
annoy [ ]
vt.
1. 惹恼,使生气;使烦恼[(+by/at/with)]
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
We're annoyed at his impolite treatment of his old friends.
他用这种不礼貌的态度对待老朋友,我们都感到气愤。
The sound of footsteps on the bare floor annoyed the downstairs neighbors.
楼上地板的脚步声吵得楼下住户心烦。
2. 打搅,困扰
These flies are annoying me.
这些苍蝇一直在打搅我。
accuse [ ] vt.
1. 指控,控告[(+of)]
She accused him of stealing her watch.
她控告他偷她的表。
He accused his boss of having broken his word.
他指责老板不守信。
He was accused of murder.
有人指控他谋杀。
associate [ ] 年n. association
vt.
1. 联想,把...联想在一起[+with]
They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.
他们把火鸡和感恩节联系在一起。
What do you associate with such a heavy snow?
这样一场大雪你有什么联想?
2. 使联合,使结合[+with]
3. 使有联系[H][+with]
I didn't want to be associated with it at all.
我根本不想与这事有牵连。
vi.
1. 结交,交往[+with]
He associates with all sorts of people.
他与各种各样的人交往。
Never associate with bad companions.
千万不要与坏人为伍。
get across
1. 使...被理解,为人理解
I couldn't get my point across in the debate.
在辩论中我无法清楚地表明自己的观点。
He found it difficult to get his idea across to them.
他发现他难以使他们了解他的想法。
I have tried to get my point across.
我已尽力让我的观点清晰明了
使信服：使有说服力或可了解：
How can I get across to the students?
我怎样才能让学生心服口服
Did your speech get across to the crowd?
你的演说听众理解吗?
2. (使)越过;(使)渡过 I can’t get across the river.
appeal [ ]
vi.
1. 呼吁,恳求[(+to/for)][+to-v]
He appealed to me for help.
他向我求援。
He appealed to his friends for support.
他请求朋友支持。
The government is appealing to everyone to save water.
政府呼吁每个人节约用水。
2.（常与to连用）吸引；引起兴趣
She appeals to me.
我对她感兴趣。
The idea appealed to Mary.这主意正合玛丽的心意。
3.【律】上诉[(+to/against)]
He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.他对被判五年徒刑提出上诉。
He appealed against the judge's decision.
他不服法官判决而上诉。
n.
1. 呼吁,请求；上诉[C][U][(+to/for)]
He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him.
他最后一次恳求父亲宽恕他。
an appeal for aid
恳求援助
an appeal for forgiveness
恳求原谅
The teacher listened to his appeal.
老师倾听了他的要求。
frequent [ ]n. frequency 频率 adv. frequently 经常地
adj.常见的；频繁的
I enjoyed his frequent visits.
我喜欢他经常来访。
Frequent failures did not affect his morale（士气）.
屡次失败都没有使他泄气。
Rains are frequent here in early summer.
这儿在初夏季节常下雨。
figure[ ] n.[C]
1. 外形;体形;人影
I saw a figure in the darkness.
我看到暗处有一个人影。
2. 体态;风姿
She has an attractive figure.
她有迷人的曲线。
She has a slender figure.
她身材苗条。
3. 人物;名人
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已成了一个知名人物。
4. 数字
Where did you get those figures?
你从哪儿得到那些数字的?
5. 图表;图解;插图
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.
我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。
6. 画像;塑像 a stone figure 石头塑像
vt. figure out = work out 计算出，估计
profit [ ]
n.
1. 利润,盈利;收益 [C][U]
He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house.
他卖掉房子获利五万美元。
2. 利益,益处;得益[U]
We gained a lot of profit from your advice.
我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。
vt.
1. 有益于
Telling lies won't profit you.
撒谎对你无益。
vi.
1. 有益,有利
2. 得益,获益[(+by/from)]
He learned to profit by his mistakes.
他学会了从自己的错误中获益。
We profit from the work of the specialist.
我们从专家的工作中得到益处。
campaign [ ]
n.[C]
1. 战役
The campaign to seize the city was a failure.
攻占这个城市的战役失败了。
2. 运动,活动[(+for/against)][+to-v]
The city hall is planning to start a campaign against smoking.
市政府计划发起禁烟运动。
3. 竞选运动
The presidential campaign was in full swing.
总统竞选运动正在全力进行中。
vi.
1. 从事运动[(for/against)]
The union leaders are campaigning for better working conditions.
工会领导人为争取改善工作条件而积极活动。
2. 参加竞选[(+for)]
He hasn't decided whether to campaign for the senate（参议院）.他尚未决定是否参加参议员的竞选。
policy [ ] n.[C][U]
1. 政策,方针
One of the new government's policies is to cut taxes.
新政府的政策之一是减税。
2. 策略,手段
Honesty is the best policy.
诚实是上策。
illegal [ ]a.
不合法的,非法的;违反规则的
All he has done is illegal.
他所做的一切均属非法。
Can you keep an eye on my bag? 留心看管，照看一下行李
Would you keep an eye out for the milkman？ I want to talk with him．请你等候一下送牛奶的人好吗？我要和他讲一句话。有“留心等候”的意思
target [ ] n.
1. 靶子;攻击的目标
He missed the target.
他未击中靶子。
2. (欲达到的)目标,指标
His target is to save $100 a week.
他的目标是每周储蓄一百元。
nowadays [ ] adv.
1. 现今,时下
Nowadays people travel by plane.
如今人们乘飞机旅行。
Nowadays, advertisements can be found everywhere in any big city.
现在,在任何一个大城市里,到处都可以看到广告。
attach [ ] vt.
贴上,系上[(+to)]
He'll attach the label to your luggage.
他会把标签系在你的行李上。
2. 使依附;使附属[(+to)]
This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.
这个医院附属附近的那所医学院。
3.认为有（重要性等）They attached no significance （重要性）to the threat.
他们不重视这种威肋
point out指出 跟名词或宾语从句
He pointed out the mistake to me.
他向我指出错误。
discount [ ]
n.[C][U] 折扣;打折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.
如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。
vt.
将...打折扣
That store discounts all its slow-selling goods.
那家商店削价出售所有滞销货。
n. adj.
a discount market; 打折商场discount goods打折商品
make sense [ ] 有意义, 有道理，说得通，能理解；合理，可行；合乎情理
This sentence doesn't make sense.这句子毫无意义。
1) No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense to me.就是不理解。
2) It just doesn't make sense - why would she do a thing like that?没有意义
3) It makes sense (有道理) to take care of your health.
4) It makes sense to save money while you can.很有意义
5） What he said just doesn't make any sense．他讲的那番话简直不知所云。
6）She doesn't talk much， but what she says makes sense．她不多讲话，但言之有理。
7）Does it make sense to let little children play with matches？让孩子们玩火柴能行吗？
make sense of 理解；懂；明白
Can you make sense of the sentence? 你理解这个句子吗？
bonus [ ] n.[C]
1. 奖金;额外津贴;特别补助
The workers are expecting a large Christmas bonus.
工人们期待着在圣诞节得到一大笔奖金。
2. 【口】额外给予的东西,额外的好处[S]
The extra two-day holiday was a real bonus.
外加的两天假期真是额外之所得

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