初二英语第二十六单元A good doctor
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内容
一、教法建议
【 抛砖引玉 】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
clever , herself , learn , learned , rich , money , myself , poor , himself , southern , sad , dress , yourselves , themselves , itself , fall off , enjoy oneself , get dressed , a swimming lesson , find out , age , operation
Ⅱ. 语法学习
1 . 掌握情态动词 can 的用法。
2 . 掌握反身代词的用法。
Ⅲ. 交际英语
Help yourselves to……
Would you like a drink ?
Yes , please .
There's something wrong with the child .
It's getting late .
【 指点迷津 】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . age 年龄
What age are you ? 你几岁 ? ( 你多大年龄 ? )
〖 点拨 〗在英语中表达年龄时常说：She's eight .
也可以说：She is eight years of age .
还可以说：She is eight years old .
但不可说：She is eight age .
“年龄”表示法还有：
“at the age of + 基数词”或“at +基数词”。基数词后不再加 years old , 此短语常作 状语。
At the age of eight ，he went to an island with his parents .
“of + 基数词”。此结构常作后置定语，数词后不能接 years old。
At that time , he was just a boy , of sixteen . 当时，他只是一个十六岁的男孩。
“基数词-year-old”。此结构常用前置定语。
When he was an eight-year-old boy , he began to make a living . 当他是一个八岁的男孩时，就开始谋生了。
“be in one's + teens / twenties / thirties……nineties”表示“在某人十几岁/二十几岁/三十几岁……九十几岁时”。
He was in is fifties .
“aged + 基数词”。此结构常用后置定语。
Mr Smith , a foreigner aged 30 , works in north China. 史密斯先生是一位30多岁的工程师，在华北工作。
掌握了年龄的常见表达法，就能一句多译。请看：
A. 珍妮是一个十五岁的女孩。
Jenny is a fifteen-year-old girl . / Jenny is a girl of fifteen . / Jenny is a girl aged fifteen .
B. 他三岁时就能做诗。
When he was three (years old) , he could write poems . / When he was three years of age , he could write poems . / At (the age of ) three , he could write poems .
2 . clever 聪明的，伶俐的
What a clever boy he is ! 他是多么聪明的孩子啊 !
〖 点拨 〗It is clever of sb to do某人干……真聪明
It is clever of her to get more paper to write .
3 . herself ( 反身代词 ) 她自己 ( 本人 )
She told us the news herself . 她亲自告诉了我们这个消息。
4 . learn 学，学会
〖 点拨 〗其过去式过去分词有两和 learnt 和 learned .
The children are learning quickly . 孩子们学得快。
5 . rich 有钱的，富裕的
He is a rich man . 他是个富翁。
He is poor in money but rich in knowledge . 他虽然没有钱，但很有学问。
〖 点拨 〗其反义词为 poor 。the rich富人们， the poor穷人们。
The rich have a lot of money . (注意谓语用复数，不用has )
6 . money 钱，货币
Do you have any money on you ? 你身上带有钱吗 ?
〖 点拨 〗该词为不可数名词。change零钱。
Here is your change . 这是找您的钱。
7 . myself 我自己，我亲自，我单独
I can do this work myself . 我自己能做这工作。
〖 点拨 〗by myself我独立地做。I can do my homework (all) by myself .
be not oneself = not feel well = feel sick不舒服。I can’t go to work today ; I am not myself .
8 . poor 贫穷的，可怜的，不好的
There lived some poor peasants here ten years ago .
十年前这里住着一些贫穷的农民。
Can you help the poor boy ? 你能帮助这个可怜的男孩吗 ?
His English is very poor . 他的英语很差。
〖 点拨 〗the poor穷人们。The poor certainly need money , food and clothing .
9 . himself 他自己，亲自，独自
He did it himself . 他亲自做的这件事。
〖 点拨 〗by himself他独自地做。He always go to the cinema by himself .
10 . sad ( 使人 ) 悲伤的
The sad news made the people unhappy . 这个悲伤的消息使人难过。
I am sad to hear that you're leaving . 听说你要走我很伤心。
〖 点拨 〗其反义词为happy 。feel sad感到伤感。注意体会下面的话：
He looks sad at the news and looked sadly at the picture . 听到那消息后他十分难 过，痛苦地看着那副画。
11 . dress 穿衣 给……穿衣
He dressed himself quickly . 他很快穿好了衣服。
Get up and dress quickly or you'll be late for the work .
快起来，穿好衣服，不然就来不及上班了。
〖 点拨 〗该词不能直接跟衣服作宾语。
be dressed in穿着……衣服。Today they are dressed in red . = Today they are in red .
12 . operation 手术，操作
The doctor performed an operation on her . 医生给她做了一次手术。
〖 点拨 〗“给某人动手术”是 operate on sb 。 have an operation动手术。
That operation is easy . 那个手术很容易。（在其它语言环境也可以理解为：那种操作很 容易。）
13 . yourselves ( 反身代词 ) 你们自己 ( 本身 )
Take care not to hurt yourselves . 当心不要伤了你们自己。
〖 点拨 〗enjoy yourself你玩的开心。enjoy yourselves你们玩的开心。Help yourselves to some more meat . 你们多吃些肉。
单元词组思维运用
1 . be always ready to 总是乐于
They are always ready to help others . 他们总是乐于助人。
〖 提示 〗be ready to 后接动词。意思是“准备做某事”或“愿意做某事”。be ready for 后接名词，意思是“准备好某事”。
We are ready to start . 我们准备好出发。
He is ready for school . 他已准备好上学。
2 . enjoy oneself 过得愉快 ( 快活 )
〖 提示 〗等于 have a good / nice time .
He enjoyed himself during the holidays . 假日里他过得很愉快。
3 . for a long time 长时间，久久地
I waited for him for a long time . 我等了他很久。
4 . teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学
They teach themselves English . 他们自学英语。
5 . the southern part of 在……的南部
The Shute family lived in the southern part of the U . S . A . 舒特一家住在美国南 部地区。
〖 提示 〗类似的在同一个大范围的用法还有：
in the eastern part of 在……的东部，in the western part of 在……的西部，in the northern part of 在……的北部。
但是：如果不在一个大范围，而是各自具有独立性时用介词to连接。注意体会：
China and Japan are in the east of Asia(亚洲) .
Japan is to the east of China . 日本在中国的东面。
6 . have a bad cold 得了重感冒
She has a bad cold . 她得了重感冒。
〖 提示 〗“得感冒”还可用 catch , take , get 等动词表示：
Take care not to catch ( get , take ) cold . 当心，别感冒了。
7 . far away 遥远
The moon is far away from the earth . 月亮离地球很遥远。
She lives far away . 她住得很远。
〖 提示 〗该词组可作表语、状语也可作后置定语。be far away from离……远。
二、学海导航
【 学法指要 】
单元句型思路明晰
1 . 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 ( 人 ) + 直接宾语 ( 物 )
I can buy myself lots of presents . 我可以给自己买许多的礼物。
buy myself lots of presents = buy lots of presents for myself .
这一句型中有两个宾语 myself 和 lots of presents . 有些及物动词，如 give ( 给 ) ， show ( 给……看 ) ，pass ( 递 ) ，send ( 遣送 ) ，bring ( 带来 ) 等，可以有两个宾语。一个指 人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。间接宾语，一般放在直接宾语的前面。 如：
He gave me some pictures of the Great Wall . 他给我一些长城的照片。
He asked me a question . 他问我一个问题。
2 . His parents didn't know what was wrong . 他的父母不知道是什么毛病。
what 是此是作连接代词，what was wrong 作动词 ( 谓语 ) know 的宾语。以句子的形式作 主句动词的宾语，叫宾语从句。
1 ) 由 who , what , how , which , whose , where , when , why 等引导的宾语从句。
注意：这种宾语从句中的主谓次序不颠倒。如：
Do you know who lives in this room ? 你知道谁住在这个房间吗 ?
I don't know what he is doing now . 我不知道他在干什么。
2 ) 由连词 that 引导的宾语从句，在口语和非正式文体中常省去 that。如：
The mother likes saying that she has a good daughter . 母亲喜欢说她有一个好女儿。
They say he is much better . 他们说他好多了。 ( 从属连词 that 被省去 )
3 ) 由连词 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句
I want to know whether ( 或if ) you still work in the factory .
我想知道你是否还在这工厂工作。 ( whether 从句是动词不定式 to know 的宾语 ) 另：如 果主句中的谓语动词是 think , believe ( 相信 ) ，suppose ( 料想 ) ，主句的主语是第一人称代 词，而宾语从句是否定意思时，一般否定主句的谓语。称为否定转移。
I don't think he will come . 随便吃点糕点吧 !
We don’t believe she will come tonight , will she ?
3. “help oneself to……”是个固定句型，意为“随便吃……”。其中 to 常作介词。
Help yourself to the apples . 随便吃点苹果吧 !
Help yourself to some fish , please . 请随便吃些鱼。
Boys , help yourselves to more rice .
单元难点疑点释疑
1 . She is falling off her bike . 她从车上跌下来。
动词短语 fall off 意为“从……跌下来”。如：
The boy fell off the wall . 那个男孩从墙上跌下来。
2 . I hope she didn't hurt herself . 我希望她没有伤着自己。
1 ) She didn't hurt himself 作动词 hope 的宾语，它是宾语从句。
2 ) hurt oneself 意为“伤着某人自己”。如：
Her son fell off the tree , but didn't hurt himself . 她儿子从树上跌下来，但未受 伤。
3 . Mr and Mrs Shute had a daughter called Jane . 舒特夫妇有个女儿叫简。
Called Jane 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 daughter , 放在修饰词之后。等于 named Jane .
The boy called Jackson is from Japan . 那个叫杰克逊的男孩来自日本。
4 . He could not wash himself or get dressed .他自己不会洗，也不会穿。
get dressed 意为“穿衣服”。动作而 be dressed 表状态。
I could get dressed myself when J was a child . 我的孩子时，能自己穿衣服。
5 . I'll get you tea now . 我给你泡杯茶来。
get sb tea“给某人泡菜”，还可以说 make tea for sb 。
get you some tea = get some tea for you .
Help yourselves to the cakes .
Help oneself to……意为“随便吃……”。如：
Help yourself to some chicken . 随便吃点鸡吧。
6 . I'm afraid so . 大概是这样。
so 指上文中所说的 have to go now . 为避免重复，常用 so 指代前面所提到的人和事。 如：
— Shall I do like that ? 我应当那样做吗 ?
— I'm afraid so . 恐怕是。
当不认为对方的看法有道理时可以用：I am afraid not .
7 . We have to be up early in the morning . 早上我们得起早床。
be up 在这里相当于 get up = rise .
She has to be up earlier every morning , because she has more work to do .
【 妙文赏析 】
Mrs Green was eighty , but she had a small car , and she always drove to the shops in it on Saturday and bought her food .
She did not drive fast , because she was old , but she drove well and never hit anything . Sometimes her grandson said to her , “Please don't drive your car , Grandmother . We can take you to the shops . ”
But she always said , “No , I like driving . I've driven for fifty years , and I'm not going to stop now . ”
Last Saturday , she stopped her car at some traffic lights because they were red , and then it did not start again . The lights were green , then yellow , then red , then green again , but her car did not start .
But then a policeman came and said to her kindly , “Good morning . Don't you like nay of our colours today ? ”
赏析：从这篇文章，我们可以看出这位交警是很有礼貌的，也是他幽默的，讲话也很婉转。 这位老太太是不是挺喜欢看交通灯呢 ? 当然不是而是她的车子有毛病起动不了。
【 思维体操 】
A. 阅读 Lesson 103 , 完成短文，每空一词
Mr Shute , a ______ , lived in the _______ part of the USA . He didn't ______ much money . He and his wife had a daughter and a ______ , James . There was something ___with the child , so they ______ him to a doctor . The doctor ______ over James carefully . Then he said there was ______ wrong with his eyes . He could do ______ to help . One day they took James to ______ doctor . The doctor did an _______ on him . After ten minutes James could ______ .
答案：farmer , southern , have , son , wrong , took , looked , something , nothing , another , operation , see .
B. Two friends ( 1 ) a bear ( 熊 ) when they went through a forest ( 森林 ) ( 2 ) . One of them ran to ( 3 ) tree and climbed up very quickly . He forgot his friend . He thought only of ( 4 ) . His friend ( 5 ) bears ( 6 ) dead ( 死的 ) men . ( 7 ) he ( 8 ) When the bear came to him . Then the bear went away . The man called his friend in the tree . “You can ( 9 ) now . ”The man smiled ( 微笑 ) and asked , “What did the bear say to you ? ”His friend answered“He said I need a new ( 10 ) . ”
1 . A . looked for B . met C . looked at D . watched
2 . A . by bus B . by bike C . on foot D . by car
3 . A . the nearest B . the good C . a taller D . a biggest
4 . A . himself B . his mother C . the bear D . his girl friend
5 . A . knew B . thought C . saw D . watched
6 . A . wasn't like B . needn't find C . didn't eat D . couldn't touch
7 . A . And B . So C . But D . Because
8 . A . moved B . ran C . opened his eyes D . didn't move
9 . A . climb up B . get up C . stay there D . come down
10 . A . teacher B . dress C . house D . friend
答案与解析：两个朋友在森林中不是“寻找、看、注视”，而是遇见熊1答案 B。在森林中只 能徒步而行，因此2答案C。在危急关头别无选择，所以3答案是A。那个人自己爬到树上，忘记他 的朋友，因此只能想到自己的安危，4答案A。熊是来寻觅食物，因此5答案A，6答案是C。有了上面的想法，因而他 ( 另一个人 ) 就不动装死，so 是表示承上启下关系“因而、于是”7选B。8选D。树下的人意思让树上的下来，没有危险了，9答案D。人在危急关头需要一个真正的好朋友，所以10答案是D。
三、智能显示
【 心中有数 】
单元语法发散思维
※ 单项选择
1 . The doctor is operating ______ that child .
A . on B . in C . for D . at
2 . She could write when she ______ four years old .
A . is B . was C . were D . will be
3 . The children enjoyed themselves yesterday , ______ ?
A . did the children B . did they C . didn't they D . didn't the children
4 . Mr Thin has ______ money , but he has ______ friends .
A . little , much B . little , many
C . many , few D . few , much
5 . There ______ someone on the island .
A . may be B . maybe C . may is D . perhaps .
答案：1 . A 2 . B 3 . C 4 . B 5 . A
〖 思维 〗题1 主要考查词组“给……动手术”应是 operate on。 题2 主要考查主从复合 句主谓一致原则。 题3 主要考查，反意疑问句，主句为肯定，则反意部用否定，且反意部分主语 用人称代词。 题4 主要考查 money 为不可数名词，friends 为可数名词。 题5 主要考查 There be……句型，本句缺少的是谓语。
※ 补全对话
Tom : My head hurts , Doctor .
Doctor : ( 1 ) you mouth and ( 2 ) “Ahh . ”Hm……
Tom : What's wrong with me ?
Doctor : You've ( 3 ) ( 4 ) cold . ( 5 ) this medicine ( 药 ) and stay in bed for two days and you'll soon be ( 6 ) .
Tom : Thank you . ( 7 ) the way , how much is the medicine ?
Doctor : How much money ? Look , don't you know me ?
Tom : Ha , ha ! It's you , my uncle . I didn't know you were here . How are you , uncle ?
Doctor : Fine , thank you . And you have to ( 8 ) ( 9 ) yourself .
Tom : Yes , I will . ( 10 ) a lot .
答案：1 . Open 2 . say 3 . a 4 . bad 5 . Take 6 . better 7 . By 8 . look 9 . after 10 . Thanks
分析：本题为一个病人和一个医生之间的对话，我们只要联系生活实际和上下文，就不难写 出正确答案。
【 动手动脑 】
单元能力立体检测
※ 要点分析
1 . The mother is dressing her ______ .
A . skirt B . baby C . coat D . baby's coat
答案 B . dress 一词做及物动词时，意为“给……穿衣服”，本身已含有“衣服”的意思， 不可再加衣物的名称，而要加表示人的名词或代词。
2 . She couldn't read until she was fifteen . ______ .
A . How clever ! B . What a bright girl !
C . Not so clever D . What a kind girl !
答案 C . 上句中运用了 not…until… 句式，意为“直到……才”。全句意思为“她直到十 五岁才会说话”。根据这一句意，选择中的评语只有 Not so clever ( 不太聪明 ) 比较符实际， 故选C .
3 . The story ______ was very good , but you didn't tell it well .
A . it B . its C . itself D . not
答案 C . 此处反身代词 itself 做主语 the story 的同位语，起强调作用，即“故事本 身”，其他代词没有一词法功能。而 not 更不可用在 was 之前。
4 . Tomorrow is my birthday . I'll buy ______ a present .
A . me B . he C . myself D . him
答案 C . buy oneself 意为“给某人自己买……”，此时不用主语人称代词的宾格，即A选 项中的 me；在动词后不用人称代词的主格形式做宾语，因此B不可选D项中的 him 语法上虽无错 误，却与上下文的语意不符，因此只能选C。
5 . Here ______ some presents for you .
A . is B . are C . have D . has
答案 B . here be 意为“此处有”。这种句式结构中，真正的主语是 be 动词之后的部分， some presents 为可数名词的复数，因此 be 动词用 are。
※ 选反义词
1 . rich 2 . easy 3 . sad 4 . far
5 . large 6 . pull 7 . thin 8 . slow
A . difficult B . small C . push D . quick
E . poor F . near G . fat H . happy
答案：1－ 4 EAHF 5 － 8 BCGD
※ 完成单词，第一个字母已给出
1 . China is a country with l_______ land and the most people .
2 . We had a p_______ at the foot of the East Hill .
3 . I didn't feel a_______ when I was walking in street .
4 . He says m_______ doesn't mean everything .
5 . Can you see anything u_______ on this island ?
答案：1 . large 2 . picnic 3 . alone 4 . money 5 . Unusual
【 创新园地 】
选正确答语
1 . When could you swim ?
2 . What a clever girl ?
3 . I hope she didn't hurt herself .
4 . Did she learn all by herself ?
5 . The man didn't enjoy himself very much . Why ?
6 . What was wrong with the child ?
7 . Would you like a drink ?
8 . Thank you for having us . We had a good time .
A . No , she didn't . She was all right .
B . Because he didn't have many friends .
C . It was a pleasure . Bye !
D . Yes . She can learn it quickly .
E . Yes , please .
F . No . Mr Wang taught her .
G . He could not see anything .
H . When I was ten .
( 请同学们把填好的答案反馈给我们 )
答案：1 － 4 HDAF 5－ 8 BGEC

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