初二英语第二十二单元What a good, kind girl?
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内容
教学目标
一、词汇与短语：
(1) go along沿着…一直走 (2) traffic lights交通灯
(3) on one’s way to… 在某人去…的路上 (4) at the side of the road在路边
(5) be ill in hospital生病住院 (6) inside pocket里面的口袋
(7) maybe可能，或许 (8) at the end of在…尽头
(9) catch a bus赶汽车 (10) look around环顾四周
二、交际用语：问路与指路。
三、语法，情态动词may的用法。
教学重点与难点
A. 语法：情态动词的用法。
1. may表示“可以”，即表示说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。
eg. a)你可以走了。
You may go.
b)我可以进来吗？是的，你可以。（不可以）
May I come in? Yes, please!
No, you can’t. ( Please don’t )
2. may表示（现在和将来）“可能”，“或许”。
eg. a) He may come to the party tomorrow evening.
他明天晚上可能会来参加晚会。
* may not: 表示“可能不”。
ag. a) He may not be correct. 他也许不对。
3.在请求或提建议时，可用 May I…? 这样的语气比较客气。
eg. a) May I help you? 要我帮忙吗？
b) May I borrow your pen? 我可以借用一下你的钢笔吗？
B.重点难点解释：
1. Which is the may to East park? 去东方公园的路怎么走？
1) east Park前不加定冠词。
注：由普通名词构成的表示公园名称的词前面不加定冠词。
2)但一般情况下，由普通名词或形容词构成的专有名词前，一般要加定冠词。
eg. a) the United Nations联合国
b) the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国
2.(An old woman is standing at the side of the road… but she stops. )（一个老妇人还站在那边…，但是她停了下来。）
在剧本中。
3. Oh Dear! What shall I do? 天呀！我该怎么办。
1) dear感叹词，表示惊愕、困惑、同情等。
女性常用。
Dear me! = Oh, dear! 天哪！妈呀！
2) Shall即可做情态动词，也可做助动词。
①情态动词，表示决心，警告、命令、允诺，征求意见等。
②助动词：将、要。主要为第一人称。
eg. a) I shall hever forget you. 我永远也不会忘记你。
b) You shall do as I say. 你要照我说的去做。
c) Shall we start now? 我们现在就开始吗？
d) I shall be twenty on Saturday. 到周六我就二十岁了。
4. Maybe you put it there. 你也许把它放在那了。
1) maybe是副词，注意它与情态动词may加be的区别。
2) maybe =perhaps =probably
Maybe the book is there. 也许那本书在那
=The book may be there.
5. He’s ill in hospital. 他生病住院。
介词短语in hospital中，hospital前不加the，表示抽象概念“生病住院”。
同样，像school, bed等地点名词，前面不加the，都表示抽象概念。
Mother is ill in bed母亲卧病在床。
6. It’ll take you about half an hour.到医院要花费你约半小时时间。
1)这是一个省略句，完整的说法应该是：It’ll take you about half an hour to reach the hospital.
2)在“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型结构中，it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式短语“to do sth.”意为“某人花费一段时间做某事”。这个结构可以有时态的变化。
eg. It take them two months to finish the work.
他们花了两个月的时间完成了这项工作。
7. Ah, so it is. 真是的。（确实是这样）表示赞同前面的说法。
8. until
作为介词
1)（表示动作、状态的继续）（一直）……为止
2)（用于否定句）到……为止，直到……才（常与表瞬间性动作的动词连用）。
eg. a) I waited until three O’clock, but be didn’t come. 我一直等到3点，但他没来。
b) The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight. 街上的噪音一直到午夜才停止。
作为连词
1）（用于否定句）直到……才
2）（表示动作、状态的继续）直到（另一动作或状态出现）之前。
eg. The children won’t come home until it is dark. 孩子们不到黑天不回家。
He lived in his house until Mr. Black come back.
他直到布莱克先生回来之前都住在这房子里。
9. on one’s way“在某人去…路上”常可以有以下三种变形
1) on one’s way to + 地点名词
2) on one’s way +地点副词
3) on one’s way +动词不定式
eg. On his way to school, he saw an old man. 在上学的路上，他看到一位老人。
On his way home be bought a book. 他买了一本书。
We find a post office on our way to shopping.
在去买东西的路上，我们发现了一个邮局。
10. end的用法
1) end n.端、终点，最后；v.完毕，终止。
eg. a) Go to the end of the road and turn left.
请走到这条路的尽头，然后左转（n.）
b) Please wait until the end of this month.
请等到本月底。（n.）
c) The plan ended at ten o’clock.
戏演到10点才结束。（v.）
d) How do you want to end the story?
你想怎样结束这个故事？
2)短语
a) come to an end 结束，告终。
eg. The meeting came to an end at midnight.
那次会议进行到深夜才结束。
b) in the end最后，终于
eg. He studied hard and in the end he got a gook mark.
他努力学习，最终取得好成绩。
c) at end of … 在…末（指年、月、日世纪等时间点）
eg. at the end of this month在本月底
d) by the end of … 不迟于…，强调“最后时限”，其中by =not later than。
eg. We’ll have learned 2000 words by end of this term.
到这学期末为止我已学了2000个单词。
3) in the end与同义词at last, finally的区别
a) finally (adv.)一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后一项内容，用在动词前，表示等了好久才……，无感情色彩。
eg. Finally, let’s do some exercise. 最后让我们做些练习吧。
b) at last往往表示经过一番努力或曲折的过程之后的“最后”的意思，有较浓的感情色彩。
eg. At last I reached the top of the mountain. 最后我到达了山的顶峰。
c) in the end表示经过许多变化或周折，“最后”发生了。
eg. In the end he decided to leave. 最后他决定离开。
11. take的意义
1)牵（握）手
2)吃，喝
3)花费
4)做（行为或动作）
5)乘、搭（交通工具）
6)拍，摄（相片）
7)（顾客在商店）选取，选买
8)带去，拿去（反义词：bring）
eg. a) She took my hand. 她牵着我的手。
b) Take this medicine after each meal. 每餐后服用此药。
c) How long will it take you to finish the work? 你要花多少时间才能完成那项工作。
d) I take a walk every morning. 我每天早晨散步。
e) He took a bus there. 他乘车去那。
f) I took a picture of the baby. 我给那婴儿拍了张照片。
g) I’ll take this one. 我买这个。
h) I’ll take him to the zoo. 我将带他去动物园。
12.关于side的短语
1) side by side 并肩地
2) on the other side of在……另一边
3) at the side of… 在……的旁边，侧面
4) the right / wrong side of (the cloth) (布的)正/反面。
5) by one’s side在…身旁
6) side entrance 侧面入口
side job副业
side horse（体操）鞍马
eg. a) They walked side by side. 他们肩并肩地走
b) His house is on the other side of the river. 他的房子在河的另一边。
c) The garage is at the side of the house. 车库在房子旁边。
d) I sat by his side. 我在他身边坐下。
13.英语里征求对方意见。问“怎么样”的说法很多，常见的有以下几组。
1) What (How ) about …?
用以征求意见询问消息，提出建议。
2) What do you think of …?
用以询问对某事的看法，见解及观点！
3) How do you like …?
用以询问对某事的感觉如何，即喜欢不喜欢？
eg. a) What about going out for walk?
出去散散步怎么样？
b) How about Jim now? 吉姆现在怎样了？
c) What do you think of this book?
你认为这本书怎么样？
d) How do you like his house.
你看他的房子怎么样？
14.连词because的用法
1) 连词because连接句子是原因状语从句。注意：若从句放在前面，其后应用逗号隔开主句；若主句在前，中间的逗号可有可无。
eg. a) I like Tome because he is kind.
=Because Tom is kind, I like him.
我喜欢汤姆，因为他和善。
b) I didn’t go, because I was tired. 因为疲惫，所以我没去。
注意：中文里“因为…所以…”总是关联使用，而英语中只能单独使用，所以becouse引导的原因状语从句中不能出现so（所以）。
2.操练（翻译下例句子）
1)他昨天没来，因他病了。
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
2)昨天他呆在家里，因为他要照顾妹妹。
He stay at home yesterday because he had to look after him sister.
3)因为他起晚了，所以上课迟到了。
Because he got up late, he was late for class.
4)因为下雨了，所以最后我们呆在家里。
We’d better stay at home because it’s raining.
5)我现在想回空，因为我饿了。
I want to go home now because I’m hungry.
口语交际用语
1. Asking the way（问路）：
1) Where’s the（nerest）… Please?
请问，（最近的）…在哪里？
2) Which is the way to … Please?
请问，哪条是去…的路？
3) How can I got to …? 我怎样才能到…？
4) Do you know the way to …?
你知道去…的路吗？
5) Can you tell me the way to …?
你能告诉我去…的路吗？
6) Can you tell me how to get to …?
你能告诉我怎样才能到达…吗？
7) I want to go to … Do you know the way?
我想去…，你认识路吗？
8) I’m looking for …. Where is it, do you know?
我正在找…。它在哪，你知道吗？
9) I can’t find the way to …. Can you tell me?
我找不到去…的路了，你能告诉我吗？
2. Giving directions. (指路)
(1)回答：Where’s (the nearest)…?
a) It’s over there. 在那边
b) It’s next to the … 在…的旁边
c) It’s near the … 在…的附近
d) It’s outside the … 在…的外边
e) It’s behind the … 在…的后边
f) It’s in front of the … 在…的前面
g) It’s on the right / left of the … 在…的右/左边
h) It’s on the other side of the … 在…另一边
(2)回答：Which is the way to …?和How can I get to…?等问路的话时，须明确指出路径，可根据具体情况，综合使用下列句型。
a) Walk along this road / street. 沿着这条路/街一直走。
b) It’s about …metres from here. 离这大约有…米。
c) Take the first / … turning on the left / right. 在第一个路口向左/右拐。
d) Walk on and turn left / right. 继续向前走，然后向左/右转。
e) Turn left / right at the traffic lights.
You’ll find the … on the left / right.
在交通灯处向左/右转。你就会发现……在你的左/右边。
f) Go on until you reach the end of the road.
You’ll see the … in front of you.
一直走到路的尽头。你就会在你前面看到……
(3)问路时，如对方不知道，问路人仍要向其表示谢意。
eg. A. Excuse me. Is there a post office near here?
B. I’m sorry I don’t know.
A. Thank you all the same.
(4)地方名称归纳如下：
factory 工厂 farm 农场
school学校 hospital医院
park公园 cinema 电影院
office 办公室 zoo动物园
toilet 厕所 train station 火车站
police警察局 post office邮局
bus stop / station公共汽车站 bookshop 书店
fruit shop水果店 clothing shop服装店
shoes shop鞋店 watch shop表店
同步操练：
Ⅰ.语音：找出划线部分与其他单词发音不同的单词：（10%）
（ ）1. A. apple B. ago C. along D. asleep
（ ）2. A. rest B. well C. twelfth D. Peter
（ ）3. A. up B. bus C. busy D. must
（ ）4. A. day B. holiday C. Wednesday D. Monday
（ ）5. A. dry B. during C. drop D. draw
Ⅱ.词汇：根据句子内容，将所给词的适当形式填空（10%）
1. I don’t think it’s so (wonder).
2. The students worked that maths problem (easy).
3. Get up a little (early) tomorrow morning.
4. He doesn’t speak English as as she.(good).
5. It’s important to be kind and (help).
Ⅲ.单项选择：(20%)
1. You can to get to the zoo.
A. take a No.18 bus B. sit a No.18 bus
C. catch No.18 bus D. have a No.18 bus
2. They’re leaving for Shanghai.
A. on a ship B. by a ship C. by ship D. both A and C
3. The police station is about walk.
A. twenty minutes B. twenty minutes’
C. twenty minute’s D. twenty-minutes
4. I think Tom know Mr Hu.
A. may be B. maybe C. sure D. may
5. Who has broken the door the room?
A. of B. off C. on D. in
6. It’s very kind me with my English.
A. for you to help B. for you helping C. of you to help D. of you helping
7. Please silent (安静). The meeting will begin.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
8. I don’t know .
A. to do it B. how to do C. what to do D. where to go
9. She her watch in her bedroom but she didn’t it.
A. looked for, found B. looked, find
C. looked, found out D. looked for, find
10. Please look my child when I am not at home.
A. for B. at C. after D. up
11. money and books do you want?
A. How many, how much B. How much, how much
C. How much, how many D. How many, How many
12. The cinema is just the end of the street.
A. by B. at C. in D. on
13. Jim sat there and looked .
A. worry B. worrying C. worries D. worried
14. Who is sitting Tom?
A. at head of B. in front of C. at back to D. in the front of
15. beautiful the park is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How the
16. Let’s go skating together, ?
A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we
17. There are bottles of milk in fridge. You’d better buy some.
A. some B. few C. a little D. little
18. ! What are they talking about?
A. Listen B. listening C. Listen D. To listen
19. I will have taken tomorrow.
A. my photoes B. my photos C. me photos D. photo
20. Tom is tallest in our class.
A. the B. a C. one D. /
Ⅳ.补全对话：(10%)
A. (1) (2) shall we leave?
B. We’ll leave at nine.
A. (3) shall we meet?
B. We’ll meet outside the park.
A. (4) shall I say?
B. You may say what you like.
A. (5) shall we go?
B. By bus.
Ⅴ.句型转换：(20%)
1. They had a meeting yesterday afternoon. (改为一般疑问句)
they a meeting yesterday afternoon?
2. My uncle attended (参加) a meeting in Beijing in April.（划线提问）
uncle a meeting in Beijing?
3. You haven’t finished drawing a picture.（改为反意疑问句）
You haven’t finished drawing a picture, ?
4. He wanted some water.（改为否定句）
He want water.
Ⅵ.汉译英：（每空只限一词）（10%）
1. （继续往前走）and turn left.
2. Tom is .(在回家的路上)
3. Her husband is (生病住院了)
4. You’d better .(坐汽车去)
5. (出了什么事)，Granny?
Ⅶ.阅读理解：(10%)
Many people like to watch TV. Watching TV is one of the most activities (活动) of the day. TV brings the outside world closer to people’s homes. Some people say the world is smaller than before because of TV.
What’s going on in the other countries? How do people live in places for away? Is there a good sports game somewhere? What’s living in the deepest part of the sea?
If you want to answer these and other kinds of questions, just turn on the TV. Turn it on and watch. You can see a lot and learn a lot. Of course people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio. But with TV they can learn better and more easily. Why? Because they can hear and watch too.
TV helps to open our eyes. TV also helps to open our minds. TV often gives us new ideas. We learn newer and better ways of doing things.
1. Some people say the world is smaller than before because .
A. all people like to watch TV
B. many people have their own TV sets
C. watching TV is one of the most important activities of the day
D. TV brings the outside world closer to people
2. We can when we watch TV.
A. answer TV many questions
B. ask TV many questions
C. know what’s going on in the world
D. go and line in the other countries.
3. People learn better through TV than through radio because .
A. TV sets are more expensive than radio
B. people can watch and hear
C. it’s easier to buy a TV than a radio
D. People can’t know anything without TV
4. “TV also helps to open our minds” means .
A. we can learn more with TV
B. some thing is wrong with our minds
C. we are interested in TV
D. our mind can only he opened by TV
5. From the passage we know .
A. we should stop reading to watch TV only
B. it’s good to watch TV
C. it’s not good to watch TV
D. people shouldn’t watch TV
Ⅷ.完型填空：(10%)
There was an old who loved money very much. He never gave (1) to anybody. After some years he (2) rich.
One day he (3) near the river with his friends when he fell (4) the river. His friends ran to help him. One of them held out his hand and cried, “Give me your hand, and I’ll put you out!” The rich (5) head went under the water and then came up again, but he did not give his hand (6) his friend. Again (7) of the friends tried, but again the same thing happened.
Then another friend, Nasreddin, said, “Take my hand and I’ll pull you out!” The rich (8) his hand and Nasreddin pulled him (9) the water.
“You don’t know your friend well,” Nasreddin said to the others. “When you say give to him, he does nothing, but when you say take he (10) take.”
1.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
2.A. became B. becomes C. is D. has been
3.A. walks B. was walking C. walked D. is walking
4.A. to B. inside C. down D. into
5.A. mans’ B. man’s C. man D. men’s
6.A. for B. with C. to D. at
7.A. the other B. others C. other D. another
8.A. taken B. taking C. took D. gave
9.A. out of B. out from C. away D. outside
10.A. often B. sometimes C. always D. never
Keys to the exercises:
Ⅰ.语音1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B
Ⅱ.词汇：1. wonderful 2. easily 3. earlier 4. well 5. helpful
Ⅲ.单项选择：1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. C
11. C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A
Ⅳ.补全对话：1. What 2. time 3. Where 4. What 5. How
Ⅴ.句型转换：1. Did, have 2. When, did, your, attend 3. have, you 4. didn’t any
Ⅵ.汉译英：
1. Walk on 2. on his way home 3. ill in hospital 4. take / catch a bus
5. What’s the matter / What’s wrong
Ⅶ.阅读理解：
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B
Ⅷ.完型填空：
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C

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