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一、Grammar
1) The-ing Form——used as Attribute and Object Complement
Attribute 定語
If an –ing form is a single word, it is usually put before the word it modifies. If it is a phrase, it is often placed after the word it modifies.
eg. an interesting story washing machine
有趣的故事 洗衣机
Who is the girl _________ （行走）by the river? walkingThe boy ________（彈奏）the violin will give a performance next week. playingObject Complement 賓語補足語
Sometimes an-ing forms is placed after the noun it modifies.
eg. Can you smell something __________（燒焦）? burningWe watched three old men ________ （分）their food with each other. sharing2)The –ing Form—used as Subject, Object and Predicative Subject
eg. _________ （散步）is good for our health. Walking_______ up (起床) early every morning is a good habit. GettingObject
eg. Mr Zhang doesn’t enjoy ________ （唱）pop songs. singingOne can learn a lot by _______ （閱讀）widely. readingPredicative
Seeing is ___________. believing
A way of saying “I’m hungry” is _________ the stomach before a meal. patting二、V-ing 練習
1．Do you know the boy_____ under the tree? (MET 1989)
A．lay B．lain C．laying D．lying
2．The girl______ under that tree is my sister．(MET 1983)
A．sitting B．sits C．is sitting D．sat
3．There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of light． (MET 1989)
A．followed B．following
C．to be followed D．being followed
4．The picture ______ on the wall is painted by my brother．
A．having hung B．hanging
C．hangs D．being hung
5．They found a _______ old woman ______ on the ground when the door was broken open．
A．dying; lying B．dead; lied
C．death; laying D．died; lain
6．Jack was a lazy boy. I often caught him _______ in class.
A．sleeping B．slept
C．to sleep D．sleep
7．______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (MET 1992)
A．The walk B．Walking
C．To walk D．Walk
8．Once your business becomes international, _______ constantly will be part of your life. (上海1995)
A．you fly B．your flight
C．flight D．flying
9．—I usually go there by train.
—Why not ______ by boat for a change? (MET 1992)
A．to try going B．trying to go
C．to try and go D．try going
10．She didn’t remember _____ him before. (MET 1988)
A．having met B．have met
C．to meet D．to having met
11．How about two of us _____ a walk down the garden? (MET 1993)
A．to take B．take
C．taking D．to be taking
12．What worried the child most was ________ to visit his mother in the hospital. (上海 1998)
A．his not allowing
B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed
D．having not been allowed
13．It is believed that if a book is _______, it will surely ______ the reader. (上海 2003)
A．interested; interest
B．interesting; be interested
C．interested; be interesting
D．interesting; interest
14．One learns a language by making mistakes and _____ them. (北京春季 2001)
A．correct B．correcting
C．corrects D．to correct
15．_____ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. （上海市1991）
A．Not knowing B．Knowing not
C．Not having known D．Having not known
16．The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president. (MET 1991)
A．to prepare B．preparing
C．prepared D．was preparing
17．She’s upstairs _______ letters. (MET 1991)
A．writes B．is writing
C．write D．writing
18．______ a reply, he decided to write again. (MET 1992)
A．Not receiving B．Receiving not
C．Not having received D．Having not received
19．“Can’t you read?” Mary said _______ to the notice. (MET 1993)
A．angrily pointing B．and point angrily
C．angrily pointed D．and angrily pointing
20．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 1998)
A．making B．makes C．made D．to make
21．He sent me an e-mail, _____ to get further information. (上海2000)
A．hoped B．hoping C．to hope D．hope
22．Finding her car stolen, ________. （上海 2001）
A．a policeman was asked to help
B．the area was searched thoroughly
C．it was looked for everywhere
D．she hurried to a policeman for help
23．While building a tunnel through the mountain, _____. （上海春季2000）
A．an underground lake was discovered
B．there was an underground lake discovered
C．a lake was discovered underground
D．the workers discovered an underground lake
答案：1、D 2、A 3、B 4、B 5、A 6、A 7、B 8、D 9、D 10、A 11、C
12、B 13、D 14、B 15、A 16、B 17、D 18、C 19、A 20、A 21、B
22、D 23、D
三、第一冊（下）正誤句例析
1．我們沒有那麼多書可供挑選。
[ ] We have not got so many books to choose. 答案：×
[ ] We have not got so many books to choose from. 答案：√
[析] choose sth. from意思為“從••••••中挑選某物”，很明顯本句表示要“從那麼多書中挑選”。
我沒有鋼筆寫字。
I have no pen to write with.
我想找朋友聊天。
I want to find some friends to talk with.
这儿没有足够的房间供大家住。
There are not enough rooms for everyone to live in.
2．他非常友好地同我握手。
[ ] He shook hands with me friendly. 答案：×
[ ] He shook hands with me in a friendly way. 答案：√
[析] friendly是形容词，不能直接修饰动词，若要表示这种含义，则用in a friendly way来表示。
3．教室裏似乎什麼也沒有。
[ ] There seems to have nothing in the classroom. 答案：×
[ ] There seems to be nothing in the classroom. 答案：√
[析] there seems to be…含义为“似乎有……”，表示存在关系；而have则表示所有关系，误句中把两种用法混淆了。
4．我相信他所说的话。
[ ] I believed in what he said. 答案：×
[ ] I believed what he said. 答案：√
[析] believe in是指信任某人的为人（=trust sb.），而believe则是相信某人的话。
5．我刚在教室见到他，他不可能在家里。
[ ] I saw him in the classroom just now, and he may not be at home. 答案：×
[ ] I saw him in the classroom just now, and he can’t be at home. 答案：√
[析] 表示“不可能”这种有绝对把握的推测时，要用can’t; may not则表示“有可能不”，是一种没有把握的否定推测。
6．在他家里找到他是没有可能的。
[ ] There’s no chance of which he can be found at home. 答案：×
[ ] There’s no chance that he can be found at home. 答案：√
[析] 表示“没有可能做某事”的句型是There’s no chance that…，后接以that引导的同位语从句。
7．你看那人是谁？
[ ] Do you think who that man is? 答案：×
[ ] Who do you think that man is? 答案：√
[析] 由think, believe, suppose后跟有疑问词作连接词的宾语从句，构成问句时其疑问词要放在句首。
8．走了这么长时间的路后，我太累了，不能再走了。
[ ] After a long walk, I wasn’t a bit tired and couldn’t go any farther. 答案：×
[ ] After a long walk, I wasn’t a little tired and couldn’t go any farther. 答案：√
[析] not a bit意为“一点也不，毫不”，相当于not…at all; 而not a little意为“很，非常”。
9．这小岛离海滨五公里。
[ ] This island is 5 kilometers from the coast. 答案：×
[ ] The island is 5 kilometers off the coast. 答案：√
[析] 岛屿是在水中，表示“离海岸多远”常用介词off，而不用from或其他介词。
10．这儿过去种小麦的农民现在转向养羊了。
[ ] The farmers who used to grow wheat here turn to keep goats now． 答案：×
[ ] The farmers who used to grow wheat here turn to keeping goats now. 答案：√
[析] turn to作“转向，向••••••求助”时，to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。
11．在20世纪80年代从国外引进了更多先进技术。
[ ] More advanced technology was brought in from abroad in 1980s. 答案：×
[ ] More advanced technology was brought in from abroad in the 1980s. 答案：√
[析] 表示“在某个年代”，年份前面要加定冠词，后面要加s。
12．在中国，有70%的人是农民，而只有7%的土地被耕种。
[ ] In China, 70% of the population is a farmer, but only 7% of the land are used for farming.
答案：×
[ ] In China, 70% of the population are farmers, but only 7% of the land is used for farming.
答案：√
[析] population作主语时，若表示“人”，谓语用复数形式，若表示“人口”时，谓语用单数形式。当有百分数修饰的名词或名词短语作主语时，谓语的单复数形式要视其of修饰语中名词的数的形式决定：若是复数，谓语就用复数形式，否则用单数形式。
13．刚刚经过这里的人是李老师。
[ ] The man pass by just now is teacher Li. 答案：×
[ ] The man passing by just now is teacher Li. 答案：√
[析] passing by 是v. –ing形式，作the man的后置定语，也可用定语从句the man who passed by替换。
14．我听见他们在隔壁房间谈话。
[ ] I hear them talk in the next room. 答案：×
[ ] I hear them talking in the next room. 答案：√
[析] hear sb. doing sth. 意为“听见某人正在做某事”；hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做过了某事”，强调动作已经完成或动作全过程。
15．她的工作就是照顾病人。
[ ] Her job is take care of the patients． 答案：×
[ ] Her job is taking care of the patients. 答案：√
[析] 用taking care是v. –ing形式作表语。用to take care of是不定式作表语。
16．由于没有收到电子邮件，他决定放弃这次机会。
[ ] Having not received the E-mail, he decided to give up the opportunity. 答案：×
[ ] Not having received the E-mail, he decided to give up the opportunity. 答案：√
[析] v. –ing形式的否定式中，not要放在v. –ing形式的前面。
四、单项选择专练
1．—How about this book ? Is it worth reading?
—No, it is __________.
A．of no help B．not help
C．no help D．without help
2．The musician has got a lot of letters, and most of _________ are from his fans.
A．which B．them C．that D．whose
3．Three － fourths of the island ________ water, so cattle ______ in danger on it.
A．has surrounded by; are
B．have surrounded by; is
C．has been surrounded with; are
D．have been surrounded with; is
4．—Did he attend the wedding yesterday?
—Yes. It was at seven ________ he got there.
A．what B．that C．until D．when
5．Come ________. I want to tell you that she is _________ related to him.
A．close; close B．closely; close
C．close; closely D．closely; closely
6．Tianjin lies_______ China, and it is more than 100 kms _______ of Beijing.
A．in the east of; southeast
B．in east of; to the southeast
C．to the east of; the southeast
D．to east of; on the southeast
7．In _________ Marx passed his ________ birthday.
A．the 1870s; 50 B．the 1870s; 50th
C．1870s; 50 D．1870s; 50th
8．Tom was one of the first few students ______ here on time.
A．to arrive B．arriving
C．arrived D．had arrived
9．In our class, there is a girl _____ English very well.
A．speak B．speaks
C．speaking D．to speak
10．I have found ________ impossible to master a foreign language without much memory work. My mother always inspires me _______ something interesting in it. But I still think _____ boring.
A．it’s; finding; it B．it; to find; it
C．that; found; it D．that; to find; it’s
11．The speaker went on with his speech after people’s excitement _________.
A．made up B．left out
C．died down D．took in
12．He walked heavily because the bag he _______ was much too heavy for him.
A．bore B．placed C．laid D．lifted
13．_______ comes from practice.
A．Information B．Wisdom
C．Knowledge D．Discipline
14．Success and happiness in life are ________ reach for everyone.
A．off B．of C．to D．within
15．This company always changes their partners. To be on the safe side, we’d better_____ it first of all.
A．take possession of
B．come to terms with
C．be marked with
D．sign an agreement with
16、Having _______ a piece of plastic cloth on the grass, he _________ down to rest.
A、laid, lay B、lain, lay
C、lay, lay D、laid, laid
17、— What do you think of her idea?
— I was not in the least surprise for I had fully expected ______.
A、that much B、as much
C、very much D、so much
18、— Would you like to work in my company?
— Sorry, I’d rather _______ here, but I’d rather my brother ________ to your company.
A、staying; goes B、to stay; to go
C、stay; went D、to stay; to go
19、Without saying a word, you can make yourself ______ using your face and your body.
A、to understand B、understand
C、understood D、understanding
答案：1、A 2、B 3、C 4、B 5、C 6、A 7、B 8、A 9、C
10、B 11、C 12、A 13、C 14、D 15、D
五、智力测试题
请选择正确的选项或把答案写在题后的Answer后。
1．Which of the four words is least like the other three?( )
A．brain B．light
C．conservation D．metal
2．What any worker of science need is the down-to-earth attitude instead of talking. The underlined word means ________.
A．honest B．practical
C．hard-working D．thoughtful
3．I don’t believe such a minor matter will make you down. Pull up your socks! What does the underlined phrase mean?（ ）
A．Keep up your spirit.
B．Stand up.
C．Your socks are a bit lower.
D．Straighten up.
4．Which word does not go with the others?（ ）
A．yellow B．dark C．red D．blue
5．Maria’s gift in literature soon found sunshine in her teacher’s eyes. The underlined phrase means“_______”.
A．was discovered by her teacher
B．came from her teacher’s help
C．was good at describing her teacher’s eyes
D．was much appreciated by her teacher
6．It goes without saying that a person must behave himself. What does the underlined phrase mean?（ ）
A．直言不讳 B．不言而喻
C．不值一提 D．不辞而别
7．The picture is made with matches. How to turn it into one with only three squares by taking away two matches from it?

8．What number should replace the question number?

9．Suppose it rains at midnight, can it be expected to clear up after 72 hours?
10．Divide 45 into 4 parts this way: after you add 2 to the first part, take away from the second part, multiply the third part by 2 and make the fourth part divided by 2, all the results are the same. Can you divide it?
《智力测试题》参考答案：
1、C 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、D 6、B 7、
8、379 9、No, because it will be still at midnight, when nobody can see any sunshine.
10、The four figures are separately 8, 12, 5 and 20.

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