初一英语第二十九单元 日常交际用语及惯用法
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教学目的: 日常交际用语及惯用法.
一. 教学重点难点: 一些词汇的习惯用法.
二. 重点难点讲解:
1. one 用作替代词.
One可以用作代词, 代替前面已经出现过的单数可数名词, 以避免重复. 在没有定语修饰的情况下, one不带冠词, 如果有定语, one就要有冠词. 例如:
(1) You can get one.
你可以得到一个.
(2) “ Which one?” “The one under the tree.”
“哪一个?” “树下面的那个.”
代替复数名词时, 一般用ones 或those. 例如:
She likes the red bags, but I like the green ones.
她喜欢红色的书包, 但是我喜欢绿色的.
2. sell 和 buy
sell是 “卖” buy是 “买”
He sells cakes.
他卖蛋糕.
I want to buy some apples.
我想买一些苹果.
3. How much….? 多少钱?
How much is this bike?
Three hundred and sixteen yuan.
这本书多少钱?
三百一十六元.
注意, 百位数与十位数之间要用and连接.
How much还可以与不可数名词连用, how many与可数名词的复数形式连用, 以表示数量.
4. cheap 和dear
这两个词都是形容词, cheap 表示 “便宜”, dear的意思是 “贵的”, 两个词在意思上互为相反. 例如:
This book is too dear, that one is cheap.
这本书太贵了, 那本便宜.
5. half
英语中的 “一半”是a half, 但如果要表示 “一半的…”, 也就是说如果后面要接一个名词的时候, 则多用half a +名词, 例如:
half a day/week/year
半天/半个星期/半年
6. go shopping 去买东西
这里的shopping是动词shop的-ing形式, go + 动词的-ing形式表示去做某事.例如:
go swimming 去游泳
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go dancing 去跳舞
7. You can help me carry the things.
你可以帮助我拿东西.
Help sb. (to) do sth. 这一结构中, 不定式do sth.前可带to, 或省略. help sb, 后还可以接with介词短语. 例如:
(1) He helps me (to) go over my lessons.
= He helps me with my lessons.
他帮助我复习功课.
(2) I help him to carry the water.
我帮助他去打水.
8. I want to buy some good food for supper this evening.
我要为今晚的晚餐买些好食品.
this evening是 “今晚” 的意思. this 可以用来指当前的单位时间, that可以用来指已过去的单位时间. 用this, that修饰时间名词时, 前面不能再用介词in或on, 例如:
this/that morning 今天/那天早上
this/that year 今年/那一年
this/that time 这一次/那一次
9. Don’t we have any food for supper?
我们连一点做晚饭的食品都没有了吗?
这是一个否定疑问句, 其构成方式是把助动词(情态动词或be动词)与not一起放在主语前, 并用缩写形式, 不能分开写. 否定疑问句主要用来表示说话人的怀疑, 惊奇等感情, 例如:
(1) Aren’t you Tom?
你不是汤姆吗?
(2) Can't you see it?
你看不见吗?
10. 介词from的基本用法.
From可以表示从某地方, 某时间或从某人处.
(1) He can get it from the library.
他可以从图书馆得到它.
(2) Who is the letter from?
这是谁寄来的信?
(3) The teacher often works from eight to four.
老师通常从八点工作到四点.
11. on the/one’s way to …
去…的途中
这里way是名词, 表示 “路途”, to 是介词, 表示方向或目的地, 如果后面接的是副词, 则要省略to. 例如:
(1) What does he see on his way home?
他在回家的路上看见了什么?
(2) I often see a child on my way to school.
我经常在上学的路上看见一个小孩.
12. But don’t forget your things early in the morning.
不过你在清晨可别忘了带上你的东西.
forget your things=forget to take your things.
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事.
Don’t forget to write down your name.
不要忘记写上你的名字.
三. 练习
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空.
(1) The shop is _________ at this time of day. (close)
(2) Liu Hai __________ his homework now. (do)
(3) She often _________ to school at seven o’clock. (go)
(4) Where _______ she ________ from? (come)
(5) They must ________ their classroom. (clean)
2. 综合选择
(1) The shop _______ all school things and students can ______ everything here.
A. buys sell B. sells, buy C. buys, buy D. sells, sell
(2) “ Where are you going?”
“ I am _____ way to see my old friend.”
A. in B. in the C. on D. on my
(3) She can help her little brother__________.
A. go shopping B. to go the shopping C. doing shopping D. to do some shopping
(4) We’d like ______ of pears.
A. a half kilos B. half a kilo C. one and half a kilo D. half kilo
(5) ________ is a glass of milk, please?
A. How many B. How much C. How D. What about
3. 翻译句子
(1) 让我们去钓鱼吧.
(2) 我可以帮助她去打扫房间.
(3) 这些苹果多少钱?
(4) Tom想卖掉他的旧书包.
(5) 她不是你妹妹吗?
四. 答案
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空.
(1) The shop is closed at this time of day.
商店在这个时间是关着的.
(2) Liu Hai is doing his homework now.
刘海现在正在做作业.
(3) She often goes to school at seven o’clock.
她通常七点去学校.
(4) Where does she come from?
她是从哪儿来的?
(5) They must clean their classroom.
他们必须打扫他们的教室.
2. 综合选择
(1) B (2) D (3)D (4) B (5) B
(1) The shop sells all school things and students can buy everything here.
商店卖各种学习用具, 学生们可以在这儿买到每一样东西.
(2) “ Where are you going?”
“ I am on way to see my old friend.”
“你要去哪儿?”
“ 我在去看朋友的路上.”
(3) She can help her little brother to do some shopping.
她可以帮她的小弟弟去买东西.
(4) We’d like half a kilo of pears.
我们需要半公斤梨.
(5) How much is a glass of milk, please?
请问一杯牛奶多少钱?
3. 翻译句子
(1) Let’s go fishing.
(2) I can help her to clean the room.
(3) How much are these apples?
(4) Tom wants to sell his old bag?
(5) Isn’t she your sister?

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