英语阅读理解方法精髓(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)
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所谓英语阅读理解方法不外三种：1.先看文章后看问题，先看问题后看文章。前者相信是大多数人的选择，即便认为没有后者效率高——因为不能在看了问题后在看文章时把之记脑。2.从阅读的题型考法介绍入手。可以，也需要，但是片面的。3.每个星期或每个单元Keep做一定量的题。一般都可受到不差的成效，勤奋嘛，一般都可补拙，精神可嘉，但可以节省的。
二、中心
1.阅读法：
先看问题，只看一问（必需认清乃细节类，全文理解类跳开，最后才做），随即进入正文阅读（戴问入文），OK后，从文章阅读转回问题阅读，同样只看一个细节类（一般占不少于60％，且费时最多）问题，……
『中心“阅读法”的解释（可跳）：1.出题者的出细节题顺序绝大多数是行文顺序2.题目如果要出难，上文的细节题要联系下文，甚至推理，于是搁者的细节题会一直到全文看完，没关系，反正这类题只会是最后1或2题的细节，前面都干掉不少，而且反正这类题都得看完全文。』
2.题型：
起标题——抓主要内容，慎防主题或倡导的诱惑
释字意——(你认识这单词，恭喜你的博学，但)只能用文章中的意思（比喻义或引申义或原义）
推断（infer）——只可推出，不能在中找出
数字计算——文章中英文数字和阿拉伯数字的混合，选项的1945和1954
选对错——提醒一下，文中似乎（或“似乎”）没提到的，用排除法（答案可能认为对、或不对，虽多为后者，小心为妙）
所出文章——很长者一般不需要思考，可速决；很短者一般要想死人，十分精读
三、练习（为保证质量和满足练习的读者广泛性，采用江苏名校的高二上学期期末试卷和97年高考阅读理解试题）平均每篇应自少少于6分钟，4~5分钟为佳，正确率应达到80%~100%。
忠告：1.方法应变成习惯（否则考场之上到处方法堆砌，那记得起！），标志是自感流畅，巅峰是感觉如此做是理所当然，2.但习惯也会生疏，必要时要加强3.事物是不断运动，变化发展的，我们要用发展的眼光看问题，应如实地把方法向习惯过渡看成一个过程，明确我们练习在发展过程中所处阶段和地位
四、阅读理解： （25 %）
( A )
HONG KONG – The Walt Disney Company might build a second theme park in China. But top executives have argued a report that Disney wants to build another one in Beijing in time for the 2008 Olympics.
Disney has plans to build a Hong Kong park that is scheduled to open in 2005 or 2006. “Our job is to make the Hong Kong Disneyland work and be successful.” Disney chairman and chief executive Michael Eisner said. He said the company might later build a second park in China, though he would not say where. “I’m sure someday there will be a possibility to build another Disney theme park that would be geographically so distant from Hong Kong that they will not compete.”
When Disney was in talks with Hong Kong about building the park here, officials in Shanghai made it clear they would rather have the park. Disney executives said they were concerned about border controls that could slow visitors from the Chinese mainland who want to come to the Hong Kong theme park. They also said they had raised the issue with Hong Kong and Beijing. Although Hong Kong was returned from Britain to China four years ago, strict border controls remain in place between the capitalist territory and the mainland.
56) This passage is a _______.
a. newspaper report b. magazine advertisement
c. short story d. talk
57) From the first paragraph, we can get the following information except _______.
a. The Walt Disney Company has decided to build a theme park in China
b. It is possible that they will build a second one in China
c. The second theme park will be built in Beijing
d. The 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing
58) The Hong Kong Disneyland is ________.
a. not open yet b. successful
c. working well d. distant
59) The underlined word “the issue” in paragraph 3 probably refers to _______.
a. Disney was in talk with Hong Kong about building the park there
b. Disney might later build a second park in China
c. Border controls that could slow down visitors from the Chinese mainland who want to come to the Hong Kong theme park
d. Shanghai made it clear they would have a theme park
60) Which of the following Disney parks is being built?
a. Disney World b. Beijing Disney
c. Disneyland Paris d. Hong Kong Disney theme park
( B )
How do American babies get their names when they are born?
We’d better know the formation of American names before we answer this question. A native American may have his name in two or three parts. Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the United States, had his name in two parts. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd President, had his name in three parts. The first part is the given name, or the first name. The second part is the middle name or middle names, as Delano in Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The last part is the family name, surname or the last name, as Reagan in Ronald Reagan.
How does an American baby get his given name? Generally, when an American baby is born, the parents may pick up a name from a name book, or think of a name they like, and give it to the baby as the given name. Sometimes, the given name means something. If a girl baby’s given name is Alice, then she is hoped to be noble or cheerful, because Alice means noble and of good cheer. If the parents give their daughter Linda as the first name, then the parents hope their daughter to be pretty or beautiful, because it means that. If a boy’s given name is David, then he could be his parents’ beloved one, because David means a beloved person. But sometimes, the given name is just a given name, and it doesn’t mean anything. In another case, parents can give their baby the given name according to their hobby or desire.
Then how do American babies get their middle names? We must take people’s relationship into consideration when we answer this question. If the parents respect or hope to remember the grandparent, then they give their baby a middle name after the grandmother or grandfather. If the parents have a very close friend, they may pick their baby a middle name after their friend. Some parents name their baby after themselves.
Some even give the baby a middle name according to a famous person. So a baby may have one or two or even more middle names if the parents wish.
A baby gets his family name after his father’s family name. If the father’s family name is Smith, then the baby’s family name will be Smith, too.
61) The underlined phrase “in another case” means _______.
a. for another example b. on the contrary c. in addition d. in case
62) From the name “Linda Smith” we know that _______.
a. It’s a girl
b. Her parents’ names are Smith.
c. Her parents want her to be pretty or beautiful
d. All the above
63) Which of the following sentences shows the main idea of this passage?
a. How do American babies get their names when they are born?
b. We’d better know the formation of American names.
c. Sometimes the given name doesn’t mean anything.
d. Parents give their baby the given name according to their hobby or desire.
64) In the American name “Franklin Delano Roosevelt”, “Roosevelt” is the _______.
Which is wrong?
a. family name b. surname c. last name d. given name
65) Which of the following is true about American names?
a. Each American name has 3 parts: the first name, the middle name and the last name.
b. A baby’s given name is usually the same as his/her grandparent.
c. Parents may pick up a name for the baby after their friend has found one.
d. A baby may have 2 or 3 middle names.
( C )
Jimmy Carter the politician is known around the world. Only recently has Jimmy Carter the poet gone public. The former president has written a book of poems. It’s called “Always a reckoning.” Carter has written poetry since high school. About five years ago, he began to write seriously. “I went public in a very cautious way, “he says. He began by sending poems to magazines. The poems were accepted. Then he decided to put together a book. His poems mainly deal with everyday subjects. Many are set in his hometown, Plains, Georgia. Carter writes about selling peanuts, trout fishing, and neighbors. One poem talks about his feelings for his father. Carter says he learns more about himself through writing poems than through other writing. He also finds poetry to be a mind expander.
66) The story is about _______.
a. one person called Jimmy Carter
b. 2 people: Jimmy Carter the politician and a poet also called Jimmy Carter
c. 3 people: Jimmy Carter, a politician, and a poet
d. 4 people: Jimmy Carter, the former president, a politician and a poet
67) The word “trout” in line 7 means _______.
a. fishing b. fish c. happy d. river
68) The last sentence “He also finds poetry to be a mind expander”. means _______.
a. He thinks more widely since he started to write poems
b. Poetry is good for the health of one’s brain
c. Writing poems is a good way to think
d. He learns more about himself through writing poems
69) Which of the following is not true about Jimmy Carter?
a. politician b. poet c. homesick d. well-known
70) What is true about Jimmy Carter’s poems?
a. They expand his mind.
b. They are about everyday subjects.
c. They are mostly set in Georgia.
d. All the above.
( D )
You can use your Business Telecard International at any card phone in the UK. Here is some information about making international phone calls.
You can now phone almost any country in the world, although in some cases you can only call major cities. When you cannot make direct dialing calls, you can ask the international operator to help you. This is more expensive and takes more time, but it may be helpful if you want to speak to a particular person and no one else; in this case you should ask for a “person-to-person” call. Even more expensive is a reverse charge call where the person who receives the call pays.
If the international line is busy, you can reserve a call; explain the number you want and the operator will call you back when the line is free.
You can save money by calling outside office hours, e.g. early in the morning, late at night, and on Sundays.
Remember that the time may be different in the country you are calling. International time is based on GMT (Greenwich Mean Time); London is on GMT and Moscow, for example, is 3 hours ahead.
There is one problem: change to DST (Daylight Saving Time) for the Summer. In the UK, clocks are put forward one hour in Spring and put back in Autumn, and so London is actually one hour ahead of GMT in the Summer.
You can use your Business Telecard International for domestic calls as well, but there will be an additional charge over the standard rate.
71) What is “a reverse charge call”?
a. An international call.
b. A very expensive call.
c. A call for which the person who receives the call pays.
d. A call to major cities.
72) What is the most expensive type of call?
a. direct dial. b. through the operator.
c. reverse charge call. d. calling outside office hours.
73) According to the passage, what can you do if the international line is busy?
a. book a call. b. make a “person-to-person” call.
c. call back outside office hours. d. give up.
74) When is it cheaper to make an international call?
a. 10 a.m. b. 4 p. m.
c. 11 p. m. d. 3 hours ahead of GMT.
75) How many hours is Moscow ahead of London during the summer?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
( E )
Ali put the 10 bags in a row and took out one stone from the first bag, two stones from the second bag, three stones from the third, etc. He therefore had 55 stones altogether. If all stones weighed 1 gram, the total weight would be 55 grams. But he knew the real diamonds only weighed 0.8 grams each, 0.2 grams lighter than all other stones. So if the total weight was 54.8 grams, he could easily tell that the stone from the first bag was the real diamond. If the total weight was 54.6 grams, the stones from the second bag were the real diamonds. And if the total weight was 54 grams, no doubt the stones from the fifth bag were real diamonds. In this way he could find the bag containing real diamonds with no trouble at all.
Ali the thief had managed to break into the Sultan’s treasure room. He was looking for a bag containing 1250 diamonds, each weighing 0.8 grams. Unfortunately, the Sultan had filled nine other bags with imitation diamonds. There were 1000 imitation diamonds in each bag, each one weighing 1 gram. So all 10 bags weighed exactly 1000 grams and all the bags looked exactly alike. Just as Ali was wondering, the Sultan came into the room with his guards. The Sultan arrested Ali but did not kill him immediately. He gave Ali a chance to save his life. This is what the Sultan said to Ali: “If you can find the bag containing the real diamonds by using these scales (秤)just once, you may keep the diamonds. If not, you will be killed. You can take the stones from any of the bags and put them in other bags if you wish. But you can only weigh once on the scales.”
76) Who was Ali?
a. A servant of Sultan. b. A thief.
c. A weigher. d. A diamond-lover.
77) The Sultan was Ali’s _______.
a. friend b. king c. neighbor d. master
78) What are “imitation diamonds”?
a. Rocks. b. Precious stones.
c. Stones which look like diamonds. d. Diamonds.
79) Now suppose the total weight of the 55 stones was 53 grams, which bag contains the real diamonds?
a. The fourth. b. The sixth. c. The eighth. d. The tenth.
80) What happened to Ali in the end?
a. He was killed.
b. He left alive with all the diamonds.
c. He was kept in the treasure room.
d. He shared the diamonds with the Sultan.
答案：
56——60 A C A C D
61——65 A D A D D 66——70 A B A C D 71——75 C C A C B
76——80 B B C D B

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