初一英语第二十八单元What time do you get up ?
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内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 语音学习
1 . 连续。
2 . 句子的重音和语调。
Ⅱ. 词汇学习
up , get up , late , early , week , weekday , breakfast , have breakfast , leave , begin , lunch , have lunch , middle , the middle of day , supper , have supper , wash , off , take off , get to , get home , then , over , be over , often , sometimes , by
Ⅲ. 语法学习
1 . 特殊疑问句。
2 . 表示时间的介词。
Ⅳ . 交际英语
1 . It's time to get up .
2 . I'm late .
3 . It's too late .
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . up 向上
Carry the bag up to my room , please . 请把袋子扛到我的房间来。
The house is up on the hill . 那房子在小山上。
〖 点拨 〗 以前已经学过。stand up 起立，get up 起床。
2 . late 迟的，晚的
Don't go to bed too late . 别太晚睡觉。
〖 点拨 〗 be late for 干……迟到
Don't be late for school . 上学别迟到了。
3 . early 早
Come to me early tomorrow morning .
I often read English aloud early in the morning .
You must go to bed early this evening
〖 点拨 〗 反义词 late 。
4 . weekday 周日，工作日
We are at school on weekdays . 周末以外的其他几天，我们在学校上课。
We can have a basketball match on one of the weekdays . 我们可以在周日里的随便哪一天举行篮球赛。
〖 点拨 〗 weekdays 是指从星期一至星期五这段时间 , weekday 便是这些天里的任何一天。至于周末，用 weekend 。
5 . breakfast 早餐
What would you like for breakfast ? 早饭你想吃什么 ?
He drinks tea at breakfast . 他在吃早餐时饮茶。
〖 点拨 〗 吃早饭 at breakfast 。
6 . lunch 中餐
I will ask him to lunch . 我要请他来吃中饭。
Do you have lunch at twelve ?
〖 点拨 〗 在午饭时 at lunch 。
7 . supper 晚餐
They often go for a walk after supper .
Please stay here for supper . 请留下来吃晚饭。
When I came in , she was at supper .
〖 点拨 〗 breakfast , lunch , supper 既可作可数，又可作不可数，一般说来，指抽象概念时，在固定词组中为不可数；指某次具体的饭时，为可数。如，have a quick breakfast ( 吃一顿简便的早餐 ) ，a light lunch ( 一顿清淡的中餐 ) 等。
8 . leave 离去，出发
The bus is leaving at ten o'clock .
〖 点拨 〗 leave for+地点 “ 离开到…… ” 。
He leaves for work at 7 every morning .
9 . begin 开始
Class , let's begin our lesson .
You can begin doing your homework now .
He began to teach English at 20 .
〖 点拨 〗 begin to do sth 与 begin doing sth . 在很多情况下没有什么区别。不过，当强调情况的变化时，用 to do sth . 较多，当强调有意识开始某动作时，用 doing sth . 较多。在有些词，如 see ( 明白 ) 前面，只能用动词不定式，即 begin to see… ( 开始明白…… )
School begins at eight .
10 . middle 中间的，中级的；中间
I am a middle school student .
There is a big table in the middle of the room .
He came in the middle of the night .
〖 点拨 〗 in the middle of the… 中间。
We sit in the middle row . 我们从而在中间这一排。
11 . wash 漱洗；洗 ( 东西 )
I don't like to wash in cold water . 我不喜欢在冷水里洗。
〖 点拨 〗 do some washing 洗一洗。
12 . off 从……下来；……开，……掉
Can you jump off the horse ?
Don't take off your clothes . 别把衣服脱下来。
〖 点拨 〗 take off 脱掉，飞机起飞，turn off 关掉，get off 下车。
13 . then 那么，然后
First think and then speak . 先想然后说。
14 . by 乘 ( 车、船等 )
I came back by bus . 我是坐汽车回来的。
〖 点拨 〗 be + 交通工具，表示交通方式。要注意在这样的短语中，交通工具 ( 如 bus , car 等 ) 用单数，前面没有冠词。
15 . over 结束，完了
Sunday is over , it's Monday today .
There goes the bell . Class is over . 铃响了，下课下。
〖 点拨 〗 be over 结束。
16 . often 常常
Is he often late for school ?
I don't go swimming very often .
〖 点拨 〗 注意 often 的位置，在通常情况下，放在 be 动词后面或主要动词前面，有时放在句末，在特别强调时放在句首。
17 . sometimes 有时
Sometimes he does his homework at school .
〖 点拨 〗sometime某时，some times几此 ，some time一段时间。
单元词组思维运用
1 . get up起床
What time do you get up in the morning ?
He gets up early on weekdays .
Get up and put on your clothes .
2 . be late 迟到，迟了
You are late for the bus .
3 . put on 穿上
He's putting on his school clothes . 他正在穿校服。
4 . school clothes 校服
he is washing his school clothes . 他正在洗校服。
5 . speak to sb . 和……说话
You mustn't speak to your uncle like that .
What are you going to speak to him about ? 你打算同他谈什么呢 ?
Am I speaking to Miss Gao ? 您就是高小姐吗 ? ( 电话中用语 )
6 . be early 早
It's too early for bed . 现在上床睡觉太早了。
7 . on week days 在工作日，在平常
We work on weekdays .
I have a lot of things to do on weekdays .
8 . have breakfast 吃早餐，have lunch 吃晚餐，have supper 吃晚餐
What time do you have supper ? 你在什么时候吃晚饭 ?
I often have breakfast with my mother . 我常和妈妈在一起吃早饭。
注意在这几个短语中，breakfast , lunch , supper 前没有冠词；have 不再是 “ 有 ” 之意，变疑问句、否定句时必须用助词 do 或 doesn't 。
9. begin school 上课
What time do you begin school ? 你们什么时候上课 ?
get to 可表示 “ 到达 ” ，get 为不及物动词，表示位置的变化，to 为介词，当后面接副词时，不再加 to , 如 get here ( 到达这里 ) , get home ( 到家 ) 等。
10 . by bike 骑单车
12. every day 每天，天天
不要写成 everyday , every day 作状语，而 everyday 为形容词，表示 “ 每日的，日常的 ” ，如 everyday English ( 日常英语 )
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元句型思路明晰
如何询问做某事
It's time ( for , sb . ) to do sth .
It's time for us to start .
It's time for you to tell him about it .
for sb . 为后面动词不定式 to do sth 的逻辑主语，表示后面的动作该由谁去做，有时可省略。
What time do you do sth ? 你什么时候 ( 干…… ) ?
What time do you do your homework ? 你什么时候做作业 ?
What time 问的是几点几分的具体时间，因此，回答时要用具体时间。
What time does he ／ she do sth ? 他 ( 她 ) 什么时候…… ?
What time does she have breakfast ?
What time does he leave home
区别：What time is it ? 几点啦 ?
单元难点疑点释疑
1 . What time does Han Meimei get home every day ? 韩梅梅每天什么时候到家 ?
get home 意为 “ 到家 ” ， “ 离家 ” 是 leave home 。如要表示 “ 到校上学 ” ，应说 get to school , “ 到达工厂 ／ 农扬 ” ，则说 get to the factory ／ the farm。例如：
1 ) My father often gets home late . 我父亲常常到家很晚。
2 ) He works in a factory . He gets to the factory at eight in the morning . 他在一家工厂工作。他每天早晨 8 点钟到厂。
注意：leave home 离家，go home 回家，get home 到家，在 home 前都不用冠词。
2 . Late ? No , you aren't ! You're early . It's Sunday today ! 迟到 ? 不，你没迟到 ! 你早着呢，今天是星期天 !
Late ? 是省略句，全句为： “ Are you late ? ”
Late 的反义词是 early “ 早 ” ，例如：
A: Am I late ? 我来晚了吗 ?
B: No , you are early . 不你很早。
I often go to school early . 我经常早到校。
3 . On weekdays , what time do you get up ? 在周日，你几点钟起床 ?
( 1 ) weekdays ( ＝ work days ) “ 周日 ” 、 “ 工作日 ” ( 在英美等国家指除星期天或星期六以外的日子 ) 例如：
A: On weekdays , what time do you go to school ? 在周日，你几点钟上学 ?
B: I go to school at seven thirty . 我七点半钟 上学。
4 . We have lunch in the middle of the day . 我们在中午吃午饭。
( 1 ) have lunch 吃午饭
have 可以和不同的词搭配构成词组，在不同的词组中，它具有不同的意思。例如：
have breakfast 吃早饭，have a look 看一看，have a walk 散步，have a talk 谈话，have a swim 游泳，
Have an apple , please . 请吃个苹果。
Can I have some oranges ? 我可以买些桔子吗 ?
( 2 ) in the middle of the day 在中午
in the middle of the night 在半夜，
in the middle of 还可表示位置，例如： in the middle of room 在房间中间，in the middle of the river 在河当中
英语中表达不同的时间时，所用的介词不相同：
在一天的早上、下午、晚上，用介词 in 。例如：
in the morning 在早上 在上午，in the afternoon在下午，in the evening 在晚上，在傍晚
在某一天，用介词 , 例如：
on Monday 在星期一，on Sunday 在星期天，on Friday 在星期五
在几点钟或某一时刻时，用介词 at，例如：
at two o'clock 在两点，at three fifteen 在三点一刻
5 . He's taking off his clothes and going to bed . 他正在脱衣服，打算睡觉。
( 1 ) take off “ 脱掉 ( 衣服 ) ” “ 取下 ( 帽子 ) ”
take off 的反义词是 put on ( 穿上，戴上 ) 例如：
I want to take off the coat and put on this sweater . 我想脱掉外套穿这件毛衣。
( 2 ) and going to bed ＝ and he is going to bed .
6 . In the afternoon , classes are over at 3:30 , and I get home at about five . 下午三点半钟下课，我五点钟左右到家。
( 1 ) be over “ 结束 ” 例如：
Class is over . 下课了。
They play basketball after school is over . 放学后他们打篮球。
( 2 ) get home “ 到家 ”
go home “ 回家 ” get here “ 到这儿 ” get there “ 到达那儿 ” ，这些短语中的 home , there , here 都是副词。
get to 后接名词，例如：
I often go to school at 7:00 and get to school at 7:30 . 我经常七点上学，七点半到校。
( 3 ) at about 4:00 在大约四点钟。about 大约
There are about five people in the room . 房间里大约有五个人。
I have lunch at about 12:00 . 我在大约12点钟吃午饭。
7 . I often watch TV , but sometimes I read .
often ( 经常 ) 和 sometimes ( 有时 ) 是两个表示频率的副词。
often 的频率高于 sometimes 。例如：
Mike often goes to school early . 迈克经常到校早。 ( often 表示迈克到校早的次数多。 )
Tom sometimes goes to school early . 汤姆有时到校早。 ( sometimes , 表示汤姆到校早的时候不多。 )
often 和 sometime 可置于句首，句中，句末，位于句首时有强调的意思，例如：
Often I go to school early . 经常，我上学都很早。
位于句末时有补充说明意味。
I go to school early , sometimes . 我到学校很早 ( 但只是 ) 有时候。
8 . on weekdays 工作日，学习日
weekdays 指每周除周六和周日以外的工作日 ( 对于工作的人来说 ) 或学习日 ( 对于学生来说 ) ，一般指周一至周五5天时间。注意前面介词是 on，而不用 in。例如：
What time do you get up on weekdays and what time do you get up on Saturdays and Sundays ? 平常你几点起床 ? 在周六和周日你几点起床 ?
On weekdays , we go to school at about 6:30 in the morning and come home at about 5:30 in afternoon . 平常我们早上大约6：30上学，下午大约5：30回家。
9 . by bike 和 on one's bike
表示骑车去某地，我们常说 go……by bike。要注意的是 by bike 这一短语中，名词 bike 不能用复数，前面不能用任何修饰语或限定词，如不能说 by a bike , by bikes , by his bike等。如果要带限定词或其它修饰语，则不用介词 by，而要用 on。如可以说 on a bike , on his bike 等。另外，我们可以说 by car ( 乘小汽车 ) ，by bus ( 乘公共汽车 ) ，by boat ( 乘船 ) ，by plane ( 乘飞机 ) 等，也可以说 in a car , in his car , on the bus , in the boat 等。例如：
I go to work by bike ／ by car ／ by bus every day . 我每天骑车 ／ 坐小汽车 ／ 乘公共汽车上班。
She is coming to see us in his car .
10 . school clothes 校服
clothes 统指衣服，只有复数形式，没有单数形式。可以说 many clothes , these clothes。但不可以说 a clothes , three clothes。
【妙文赏析】
(A)
In England people don't usually talk very much . You can go on a bus or in train , and everyone sits looking out of the window .
Often they read . They read books and papers . But they don't talk much .
When you meet English people , they often talk about one thing — the weather ( 天气 ) . So when you meet someone in England , you can say , “Nice weather for the time of year ! ”
“But it was a little cold ( 冷 ) yesterday , ”someone may answer .
“But it was a little warmer ( 暖和 ) later ! ”you can say .
Talk like this , and the English will think , “How friendly you are ! ”
赏析：该文主要介绍了不同的文化习惯。在英国人们喜欢谈论天气就在中国人们见面好说“吃了吗”一样，这被认为是友好的、有礼貌的。
(B)
Mary has a little sister . Her name is Rose . Rose is only five and can't read or write .
One day , Mary sees her litter sister at the table with a pen in her hand .
“What are you doing ? ”Mary asks .
“I am writing to my friend , Kate , ”says Rose .
“But how can you ? ”says Mary , “You don't know how to write . ”
“Well , ”says Rose , “It doesn't matter . Kate doesn't know how to read . ”
赏析：Rose 会写字吗 ? Kate 会看书吗 ?
(C)
Tom finished school when he was eighteen years old . He wanted to work at a bank in the city . He went to the bank and asked for a job there . A man took him into a small room and gave him questions on a piece of paper . Tom wrote the answer on the paper in a hurry . The man looked for a few minutes , and then said , “Was your birthday on the 12th of December , Tom ? ”
“Yes , sir . ”Tom said .
“What year ? ”the man asked .
“Oh , once a year sir . ”Tom said .
赏析：Tom 的生日是12月12号，但是他出生于哪一年，他回答出了吗 ? 别人问他出生于哪一年，他回答每年一次，是问错了，还是回答错了 ? 我看两者都错了。
【思维体操】
A . 猜一猜
1 . I am something that can run out but can't walk . What am I ?
2 . Add two numbers to 19 and make it less than 20 . How can it be ?
答案：1 . water 2 . 19 ( 1／2 )
B．短文改错
I am Class One , Grade One . Our classroom is 1 . 　　　　　　
big and nice . The windows are big but the walls are 2. 　　　　　　
white . There is a big blackboard in the front wall . 3. 　　　　　　
There have two maps on the back wall . One is a map of 4. 　　　　　　
China , the other is a map of the world . In front 5. 　　　　　　
of the room there's a big desk . Its for the teachers . 6. 　　　　　　
There're some little desks and chairs . They're for 7. 　　　　　　
our students . What's on the teacher's desk ? There're 8. 　　　　　　
some flowers . We all like our teachers . Their 9. 　　　　　　
are good teacher . 10. 　　　　　　
答案：1. am后加in 2. but → and 3. in → on 4. have → are 5. in后加the 6. Its→It’s 7. little → small 8. our → us 9. Their → They 10. teacher → teachers
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元语法发散思维
特殊疑问句的用法
( 1 ) 英语特殊疑问句是以疑问词开始的疑问句。它的语序与汉语不一样。英语的特殊疑问句是把疑问词放在句首，后面接 be 动词的变化形式；或接助动词 do ／ does，或 can , would 等，再接句子的主语、谓语动词及其它成分，句末用句号。例如：What does he often do on Sundays ? Where is the boy singing ?
( 2 ) 如果疑问词在句中做主语或主语的一部分，疑问词或疑问词加主语部分后面直接跟 句子的谓语动词及其它部分。例如：Who is on duty today ? Whose father is an English teacher ?
( 3 ) 疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成不同的词组来表示不同的意思。如：what colour , what time , whose coat , which girl , how many 等。这些词组必须放在句首。
( 4 ) 特殊疑问句的回答与一般疑问句不一样，即不用 yes 或 no 来回答，有时可以只回答有关的疑问词或词组。例如：Who likes singing ? Li Fang likes singing . ( 或 Li Fang . )
※ 一般现在时和现在进行时
在英语中，句子主要通过谓语动词形式来表示动作或情况发生的不同时间，这种动词形式叫做时态。至现在我们已学了两种时态，即一般现在时和现在时。它们的谓语动词的构成形式不一样，这与句子所表示的概念以及所用的时间状语有关。因此，我们在确定用什么动词时态时，要理解这一句子讲的是一般性情况，经常性的动作，还是此时此刻正在发生的动作。如果是一般性情况或经常性动作，往往用一般现在时，句子里常常有 often , sometimes , everyday , in the evening 等类似的词语作时间状语。如果强调此时此刻正在进行某个动作，则用现在进行时，句中有时用 now , at this time 等作状语，试比较：
Do you often do your homework in the evening .
你经常晚上做作业吗 ? ( 经常性动作，用一般现在时。 )
Are you doing your homework now ?
你现在正在做作业吗 ? ( 强调此刻的动作，用现在进行时。 )
He gets up at six every day .
他每天六点起床。 ( 每天发生的动作，用一般现在时。 )
He is getting up and putting on his clothes .
他正在起床穿衣服。 ( 此时此刻在干什么，用现在进行时。 )
We have six classes every day on weekdays .
我们从周一至周六每天上六节课。 ( 一般性情况，用一般现在时 )
They are having supper now .
他们正在吃晚饭。 ( 此刻在干什么，用现在进行时 )
【动手动脑】
单元能力立体检测
A. 根据句子内容填空，每空填一词
1 .— _____ father is a teacher in your class ?
—Ling Feng's father is a teacher in our class .
2 .—_____ is this in English ?
　　—It's a banana .
3 . —_____ is Tom ?
—He's Kate's brother .
4 . —_____ _____ bikes can you see in the picture ?
—I can see five .
5 . —_____ man is your English teacher ?
—The one in the black coat .
6 .— _____ _____ do you go to bed every evening ?
—I go to bed at 9∶30 .
7 . —_____ is Lucy's hat ?
— It's on her desk .
8 . _____ do you like the machine ?
9 . —_____ does Han Meimei like eating ?
—She likes eating apples and eggs .
10 . —_____ does your mother do ?
—She's a driver .
B. 用适当的介词填空
1 . Jim and Kate are _____ the same school , but they are _____ different classes . They go to school _____ weekdays . _____ school , Jim often plays football _____ his friends .
2 . Class begins _____ eight _____ the morning . Now the students are all _____ the classroom . They are listening _____ the teacher . The teacher is speaking ____ English .
3 . Uncle Zhou is a worker . He works _____ a factory . He doesn't work _____ a farm . He goes _____ work Monday ______ Friday . He goes there _____ bike . He stays ____ home _____ Saturday and Sunday .
C. 选择正确答案
1 . A:_____ are your new shoes ?
B: They're all right .
A . What B . How C . How many D . Where
2 . Their classroom is big and ours _____ big , too .
A . are B . isn't C . aren't D . is
3 . A:_____ is your school bag ?
B: The yellow one .
A . What B . What colour C . Which D . Where
4 . Here are some books for _____ sister and _____ .
A . his , he B . my , I C . they , them D . her , her
答案：A. 1 . Whose 2 . What 3 . Who 4 . How many 5 . Which 6 . What time 7 . Where 8 . How 9 . What 10 . What B. 1 . in , in , on , In , with 2 . at , in , in , to , in 3 . in , on , to , from , to , by , at , on C. 1 . B 2 . D 3 . C 4 . D 5 . B 6 . D 7 . A 8 . A 9 . C 10 . D
【创新园地】
用本单元所学知识完成下列各句：
1、我的父母在工作日上班很早。
2、我们上午8点上课开始。
3、中午我们在学校就餐。
4、放学后，我和李英一起玩游戏。
5、有时我不在学校做作业。
( 请同学们把你改后的答案反馈给我们 )
创新园地答案：
1. On weekdays my parents go to work very early .
2. We begin classes at 8:00 o’clock in the morning .
3. At noon we have our lunch at the school . / We have lunch in the middle of the day at our school .
4. After school I play games with Li Ying .
5. Sometimes I don’t do my homework at the school .

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