| 初一英语第二十七单元People and work
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| 中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 教学设计 手机版 | ||||
内容 People and work 一、教法建议 【 抛砖引玉 】 单元双基学习目标 Ⅰ. 语音学习 1 . 字母组合 ar 发［?］ , or 发 ［?］或［?］，er , ir , ur 发［?］。 2 . 句子重音和语调。 Ⅱ. 词汇学习 drive , driver , farm , farmer , soldier , worker , factory , study , evening , every , with , same , different Ⅲ. 语法学习 1 . 一般现在时态： I / You / We / They work here . He / She / It works here . — Do I / you / we / they work here ? — Yes , I / you / we / they do . No , I / you / we / they don't . — Does he / she / it work here ? — Yes , he / she / it does . No , he / she / it doesn't . 2 . 动词第三人称单数形式： help→helps ride→rides know→knows guess→guesses teach→teaches do→does fly→flies Ⅳ. 交际英语 What does he do ? He is a driver . Where does he work ? He works on a farm . What do I do ? Where do you work ? Good evening ! —Do you speak Chinese ? —A little . 【 指点迷津 】 单元重点词汇点拨 1 . drive 开 ( 汽车等 ) ；驾驶 Can you drive a car ? Let me drive you home . 让我开车送你回家吧。 〖 点拨 〗drive 的过去式是 drove 。driver 司机，驾驶员 I want to be a driver . 我想当一名司机。 -er 是个用途很广的后缀，加在动词上，表示“从事某种行业的人” , 如 teacher ( 教师 ) , writer ( 作家 ) 等。 2 . farm 农场 He does a lot of farm work . 他做大量的农活。 〖 点拨 〗在农场 on the farm ， farmer 农民 In summer I help my parents on the farm . Li Ming's uncle is a farmer . 李明的伯伯是个农民。 3 . soldier 士兵，战士 Look at that soldier . He's my brother . 看那位战士，他是我哥哥。 Children like to play soldiers . 孩子们喜欢扮演士兵。 〖 点拨 〗注意该词的发音。 4 . factory 工厂 How many factories are there in your city ? The glass factory is open every day . 这家玻璃厂每天都开门。 〖 点拨 〗factory 的复数为 factories 5 . study 学习 Where does she study ? 她在什么地方学习 ? 〖 点拨 〗study 还可作名词“书房”“学习，研究”。make a study of对……进行研究。 6 . evening 傍晚、晚上 I am always at home in the evening . 晚上我总在家。 〖 点拨 〗在晚上 in the evening ，at night在夜里。注意：English evening英语晚会。 7 . every 每一，每个的 He helped me with my English every evening . 〖 点拨 〗every 作“每一”解，修饰的是可数名词单数，其后面的谓语动词及物主代词也要用单数。 Every boy and every girl has a pen here . 8 . same 同样的，同一的 We are in the same class . 我们在同一班。 They all came to my home on the same day . 〖 点拨 〗the same 用在一起。 12 . different 不同的 〖 点拨 〗其名词为 difference。be different from 与……不同。 My book is quite different from yours . = My book is not the same as yours . 单元词组思维运用 1 . on a farm 在农场 He works on a farm . 2 . in a factory 在工厂里 Do you work in a factory or on a farm ? 你在工厂里工作还是在农场里工作 ? 3 . in a shop 在商店 There are a lot of people in the shop on Sundays . 星期天，商店里有许多人。 4 . in a school 在一所学校 We study in a middle school . 我们在一所中学里学习。 How many teachers are there in your school ? 你们学校有多少教师 ? 5 . near here 在这附近 He works on a farm near here . 他就在这附近的一个农场里工作。 6 . in the evening / morning , afternoon 在晚上 / 早上，下午 My father goes to work in the morning . 〖 提示 〗在泛指一天中的早上、中午、晚上时，前面用介词 in。特指某个上午、下午、晚上用介词on 。如：We will have an interesting lesson on the evening of Tuesday . 7 . go to classes 去上课 I go to Chinese classes every week . 我每周都去上汉语课。 一、学海导航 【 学法指要 】 单元句型思路明晰 1 . 如何询问某人的职业 What does he / she do ? 他 ( 她 ) 是干什么工作的 ? (或者：What is your job ? 等) What does your father do ? 如问“你是干什么工作的 ? ”可说：What do you do ? 此外，还可说：What are you ? What's your father ? 2 . 询问某人在何处干什么用 Where does he / she work / study ？ 他 ( 她 ) 在哪里工作 ( 学习…… ) ? Where does she live ? Where does he stay ? where 为副词，注意句尾不要再加介词。但 Where does he come from ? 3 . Good evening ! 晚安 ! 寒暄用语。与人见面，午前用 Good morning ; 午后用 Good afternoon ; 黄昏时用 Good evening ；分别时用 Good-bye；如在夜间分别，则用 Good night 。 单元难点疑点释疑 1 . I like it a lot . 我很高兴在中国工作。 这里的 it 指的是 working in China 。 3 . Do you have any children ? 你有孩子吗 ? any “任何”后接不可数名词或可数名词，例如： Do you have any water ? 你有水吗 ? Do you have any sisters ? 你有姐妹吗 ? 3 . Yes , I do . I have two children—a son and a daughter . 我有两个孩子， 一个儿子和一个女儿。 Yes , I do 是 I have children 的简略回答。 two children 两个孩子，children 是 child 的复数形式 a son and a daughter 一个儿子，一个女儿。 a 和 an 是不定冠词，均用于单数名词前，表示某一类人或物中的“一个”，但不强调数目概念。 a 用于辅音前，an 用于元音前。例如： He's a worker . 他是位工人。 This is an orange . 这是一个桔子。 He has an egg . 他有一个鸡蛋。 4 . They go to school here . too . but , he says , to a different school form his . 他们在这里上学但是，他说与他不是同一所学校。 ( 1 ) here 指 in China , his 指 his school . ( 2 ) different…from…“与……不同”“和……不一样”例如： Mary is different from Jane . 玛莉与珍不同。 5 . What do you do ? 你是做什么工作的 ? ( 1 ) 询问某人的职业时，可说 What do you do ? 或 What does he / she…do ? What's his / her job ? 例如： — What does your father do ? 你父亲是做什么工作的。 — He's a policeman . 他是警察。 — What do I do ? Can you guess ? 我是做什么工作的 ? 你能猜出来吗 ? — I think you must be a film star . 我想你一定是个电影明星。 ( 2 ) 注意 What do you do ? 中的两个 do。第一个 do 是助动词，没有词义，用于构成疑问句。第二个 do 是实义动词，意思是“做”。在用 do 做谓语的否定句或疑问句中，两个 do 缺一不可。例如： I don't do my homework in the afternoon . 我不在下午做家庭作业。 Does your mother do the housework on Saturday or on Sunday ? 你妈妈是星期六还是星期天做家务活 ? 6 . — Do you speak Chinese ? 你说汉语吗 ? — A little 会说一点儿。 A little。是简略回答，完整的句子是：Yes , I speak a little Chinese . 在日常交际中回答对方问话时，往往不重复对方所说内容，而是简洁回答。例如： —Where do you work ? 你在哪儿工作 ? —Oh , on a farm near here . 哦，在附近的一个农场。 ( 完整的回答是：Oh , I work on a farm near here . ) —How do you like China ? 你喜欢中国吗 ? —Very much . 7 . Are you all in the same school ? 你们都在同一所学校吗 ? No , we aren't . The children go to a different school . 不，不在。孩子们去另一所 ( 不同的 ) 学校上学。 same 和 different 是形容词。same 意为“同样的、同一的”；different 意为“不同的”。在句中 same 前要用 the , different 如修饰单数名词，前面则要用 a . 例如： The twins look the same . They are in the same school . But they are in different classes . 这对双胞胎看上去 ( 长得 ) —样。他们在同一所学校，但不同的班级。 Lucy and Lily are wearing the same blouses and trousers . 露西和莉莉穿着同样的衬衫和裤子。 There are many different things in the shop . 商店里有许多不同的商品。 I don't like the red coat . Please give me a different one . 我不喜欢这件红色的上衣，请给我一件不同的。 8 . Chinese classes Chinese classes 意思是语文课。class 有几个意思，要注意它在不同句子中的不同意思 There are six classes in our grade . 我们年级有六个班。 We have four classes in the morning . 我们上午上四节课。 Good morning , class ! 同学们，早晨好 ! 9 . with 和 and 的区别 with 和 and 意思都是“和”，但词性不一样。with 是介词，后面跟名词或代词的宾格。例如： He goes to school with me every day . I live with my parents . and 是连词，连接两个并列的单词、短语或句子。例如： I like red and black . He likes playing football and watching TV . Mr Li is our teacher and he is our friend , too . 10 . in a school 和 in school 的区别 in a school 表示地点，是说明所在的地方。in school 表示“在学校读书，求学”。例如： Mr Brown teaches English in a school . 布朗夫人在一所学校教英语。 My brother is in school . 我兄弟在校读书。 11 . He speaks some Chinese , but not much . 他能讲一些中文，但不多。 表示语言的名词如 Chinese，English , French , Japanese 等是不可数名词，没有复数形式，可以用 some , a little , much 等修饰，不能用 many 修饰。原句中的 some 可用 a little 代替。but 是连词，表示语气的转折，引导一个并列句。but not much 是个省略句，完整的句子是 but he doesn't speak much English。在英语日常交际用语中，特别是对话中常常省略前句已经出现过的词语，以避免重复。如： —Do you speak Japanese ? —Yes , but only a little . ( = Yes , but I can speak only a little Japanese . ) —Where do you work ? —On a farm near here . ( = I work on a farm near here . ) —How do you like the park ? —Very much . ( = I like it very much . ) 【 妙文赏析 】 A Very Important Person Important people often like to show how important they are . They usually have the largest cars . They live in the biggest houses . They wear the most expensive clothes . They eat in the best restaurants . Mr . Mammoth , the president of Acme . , was an important man . Acme Inc . was an important company , one of the biggest in the country . Thousands of men and women worked for it . The offices of Acme Inc . were in The Acme Building . This was one of the tallest buildings in the city . It had fifty floors . Mr . Mammoth , the president , had his office on the top floor . One day a man came to see him . He walked up to Mr . Mammoth’s secretary . She was , of course , the most beautiful secretary in the company . “ My name is John Watkins , ” he told her . “ I have come to see Mr . Mammoth . My appointment is at ten o’clock . ” The most beautiful secretary in the building looked at the clock on the wall . It was the largest clock in the company . “ It is ten o’clock now , ” she said . “ You are on time for your appointment . However , I am afraid you cannot see Mr . Mammoth . ” John Watkins was surprised . “ Oh ? Why is that ? ” he asked . “ Mr . Mammoth is playing golf . ” “ Oh , ” John Watkins said . “ Then he won’t be coming to his office today . ” The most beautiful secretary in the company smiled at him . “ Mr . Mammoth’s already here , ” “ He has the largest office in the world . ” 注释：president 总裁。Inc 有限公司 ( Incorporated 的缩写，英国人多用Ltd ) 。company 公司。 secretary 秘书 。appointment 约会。surprise 使惊奇。golf 高尔夫球。smile 微笑。 【 思维体操 】 1 . Which letters mean the twenty - six letters of English ? _______ 2 . A big American and a little American were in a car . The little American was the big American son . But the big American was not his father . Who was the big American ? ______ 答案：1 . ABC 2 . The little American's mother . 三、智能显示 【 心中有数 】 单元语法发散思维 ※ 一般现在时和现在进行时的区别： 一般现在时表示经常、反复或习惯性的动词，常和时间状语 always , often , usually , sometimes , every and , in the morning , on Sundays 等连用。 现在进行时表示此时此刻或说话瞬间正在发生的动作或存在的状态，常和时间状语 now 连用。如： Do you often go and see your teacher ? 你经常去看你的老师吗 ? I always clean my bedroom on Sundays . 我总在每周日打扫卧室。 She is cleaning her bedroom now . 她现在正在打扫卧室。 Listen ! Who is singing in the room ? 听 ! 谁在房间唱歌 ? ※ 句子的种类： 英语的句子按其用途可分为： ( 1 ) 陈述句：用来说明事实或说话人的看法。 She doesn't like swimming . ( 2 ) 疑问句：用来提出问题。分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 Is Jim in Class 2 or ( in ) Class 1 ? She is a good girl , isn't she ? ( 3 ) 祈使句：用来表示请求、命令。 Throw it like this。像这样扔。 Don't throw it like that . 不要像那样扔。 ( 4 ) 感叹句：用来表达强烈的感情。 What a good boy he is ! How beautiful our school is ! 【 动手动脑 】 单元能力立体检测 1 . The boy ____ a blue coat is Jack . A . at B . of C . on D . in 2 . Lucy looks like Lily . Do you think ____ ? A . so B . it C . this D . that 3 . There is ____ on the table . A . three cups of tea B . three cup of teas C . three cups of teas D . a cup of tea 4 . The students play games ____ Thursday afternoon . A . on B . at C . in D . of 5 . My father ____ in shop , but he ___ there these days . A . works , isn't working B . is working , works C . works , not works D . is work , doesn't work 6 . There aren't ____ flowers in this school . A . many B . much C . some D . a lot 7 . Are there any ____ in the house ? A . meat B . milk C . orange D . people 8 . What does he teach ____ ? A . her B . his C . your D . their 9 . We get up ____ . A . at six in the morning B . at six of the morning C . in the morning at six D . in morning on six 10 . “Whose room is this ? ”“____ . ” A . The twins B . The twin's C . The twins' D . The twin 11 . These are your shoes . Those are ____ . A . their B . her C . his D . your 12 . The ____ is Wang Ping . A . boy's name's B . boy's name C . girl's names D . girls' names' 13 . —____ your family with you in England ? —No , they are in China . A . Is B . Do C . Are D . Does 14 . —What do you think of the Chinese people ? —____ very friendly . A . They are B . It is C . He is D . She is 15 . Look ! Uncle Wang ____ a machine . A . is doing B . is making C . does D . makes 16 . Could I have ____ ? A . an orange B . some apple C . a little banana D . any milk 17 . ____ your uncle work here in this factory ? A . Do B . Does C . Is D . Are 18 . Take your coat ____ you , please . A . of B . about C . with D . at 19 . One of ____ up and answers the question . A . boys stand B . the boy stands C . the boys stands D . the boys stand 20 . I can only do ____ . A . one of questions B . one of the question C . a one of the question D . one of the questions 答案与提示：1 . 本题意思是，穿着蓝色上衣的那个男孩是 Jack，表示“穿着”，用介词 in。 2 . 本题意思是，Lucy 看起来像 Lily，你认为是吗 ? 问对方是否也有同样的想法或看法，英语中常说 Do you think so ? 此处 so 为代词，代替上句提到过的事情。在这个句型中 think 后面不可用其它代词。 3 . 本题表示不可数名词的量，用一个相当于量词的可数名词后加 of，前面再用数词修饰，如 two pieces of paper ( 两张纸 ) ，three bottles of beer ( 三瓶啤酒 ) ，原来的不可数名词后仍不加 -s，据此，本题应选 A。 4 . 表示在某一天的上午、下午、晚上，介词用 on，而笼统地说在上午，下午，晚上用 in。试比较 : in the morning , on Sunday morning . 5 . 前一句表示父亲在这家商店工作，这是父亲上班的地方，是经常性习惯性的动作，故用一般现在时态，后一句说明父亲这几天不在该店工作，这是临时的，是目前几天的情况，故应用现在进行时态，据上，本题应选 A。 6 . flower 是可数名词，句子是否定句，故只能选 A。much 修饰不可数名词，some 用在肯定句中，a lot 修饰动词，只有 a lot of 才可修饰名词，故均应排除。 7 . 本题是 there + be 的句型，从谓语动词 Are 来分析，主语肯定是复数名词，故应选 D。AB 两项中的名词不可数，C 项的orange 是单数，均不合语法规则。 8 . 本题动词 teach 带有两个宾语，代表物的是直接宾语，在本题中就是 what，代表人的间接宾语应该是人称代词的宾格，故选 A。其余三项均为物主代词，不符合语法规则。 9 . 本题意思是：我们早晨六点起床，表示在几点钟，用介词 at，在早晨用 in the morning。故 A 为正确答案。 10 . 本题检测名词所有格的用法，双胞胎是 twins，是以 s 结尾的名词，其名词所有格只须在词尾加 ’即可，故 C 项为正确答案。 11 . 本题意思是：这些是你的鞋了，那些是他的。后一句中的物主代词无名词，故应用名词性物主代词，只有 C 项符合要求，其余三项均是形容词性物主代词。 12 . 本题意为：这男孩名叫王平。主语是 name，根据题意，应为单数，且名词所有格只能作定语，不能作主语，故排除 ACD 三项，B 项为正确选择。 13 . 本题难点在于确定主语 family 是单数还是复数，在题中 family 作“家庭成同”且在答句中用 they 来代替，据此，应选 C。 14 . Chinese people 意为“中国人民”，是复数，故相应的人称代词应用 they，所以应选 A。 15 . 从动词 look ( 看 ) 可推知，该动作正在进行，故用现在进行时。又表示“造机器”，应用动词 make 故选 B。 16 . apple 是可数名词，被 some 修饰时应用复数形式；a little 修饰不可数名词，但 banana 是可数名词在 Could I have… ? 这种问句中，问者显然是希望得到肯定回答的，故不能用 any，应用 some。据上只有 A 为正确答案。 17 . 本题主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语是行为动词，构成一般疑问句，应用助动词 does，故应选 B。 18 . 叫某人带上某物，用 take sth . with sb . 。本题意思是：请带上你的外套。所以选作介词 with。 19 . One of 后应接复数名词，在该复数名词前还应有定冠词。本题主语是 one，属第三人称单数，谓语动词应加 -s，故选 C。 20 . 本题与上题相同，one of 后加复数名词，并在复数名词前加上定冠词。 【 创新园地 】 将下列句子重新排列，使其成为一段意思完整的对话： 1 . What do you do ? 2 . In a shoe factory . 3 . Do you have any children ? 4 . Of course . He's a middle school student . 5 . What's your name , please ? 6 . I'm worker . 7 . John King . 8 . Where do you work ? 9 . Only a son . 10 . Is he a student ? ( 请同学们把你写好的答案反馈给我们 ) 创新园地答案：5—7—1—6—8—2—3—9—10—4 |
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