形容词副词经验规律 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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形容词 副词
经验 规律
形容词、副词通过几年的高考试题的分析不难看出1）涉及形容词、副词比较级的对象、范围的考点很多，所以加强对此部分的理解和掌握显得尤为重要。2）考题中形容词、副词比较级的用法灵活多样，如用比较级形式表最高级含义，古应特别注意积累和归纳。3）as…as…结构的基本模式尤其它的变体形式比较复杂，考生对此不可以掉以轻心。4）高考题中常出现考查多个形容词作前置定语的用法。因为当几个形容词同做定语时，如何排列它们的顺序成了难点，很多考生只是凭感觉，缺乏理性指导，所以容易出错。
知识点归纳:
（一）形容词的作用
1. 作定语： 特别注意多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序。
2. 作表语：通常与系动词be , get , grow , become , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell,
taste, sound , turn, remain 等连用。
如: Our classroom is clean. The weather is getting cooler and cooler.
3. 作宾补: 如：The news made every one happy.
4. 与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语。
如:The rich and the poor live very different lives.
5. 作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、结果等。如
He went to bed, cold and hungry.
She stared into the distance, speechless for a moment.
（二）副词的作用
1. 作状语：通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如
2. 作表语，如：One of the tyres is down.
3. 作定语，如：The population here is getting smaller and smaller.
One my way home, I saw an old lady sitting under a tree alone.
4. 作宾补（副词构成复合宾语的情况较少），如：
I saw Mrs Green out with her husband.
5. 构成短语
表示位置的副词可与动词构成短语，表示特定的意思。如
pick out (挑选)，turn up （露面）
（三）容易出错的几个注意点
1. 下列以a-开头的形容词通常只用作表语：
afraid, alike , alive , alone, asleep, awake, ashamed , afloat (飘浮的), aware (知道的)等。
另外，unable, content (满足的), all（身体）好的，ill（生病的），通常不可用作定语；ill 作定语时， 通常是"坏的，邪恶的"意思。尽管现在已有人用ill作前置定语表示生病的，well表示健康的，习惯上还是用sick, healthy等作前置定语为好。
以上所列词汇中，afraid , alive, alone, awake 可用作后置定语，如
a man afraid (害怕的人)，
the greatest man alive (健在的最伟大的人)
the only child awake （唯一醒着的孩子）
The people , and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history.
人民，只有人民，才是创造世界历史的动力。
注意：
(1)多数以a-开头的形容词不直接用very修饰，通常习惯说法如：
very much alone 非常孤单的/wide awake 十分清醒的/sound / fast asleep 熟睡的
(2)以a-开头的形容词本身带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语，如
a fast asleep boy 熟睡的男孩；the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵
2. 有些形容词（如wooden）通常不能用作表语。我们不说The table is wooden 而应改为
The table is of wood. 或The table is made of wood.
不能用作表语，只能作定语的常用形容词还有：inner 内部的，outer 外部的， former 较前的, latter 较
后的，utter完全的，upper上面的，real真正的，mere仅仅的，live[laiv]活的，sheer纯粹的，only唯一的，aged年老的
3. 有些形容词（如possible）作表语时，通常不用"人"作主语。
我们不说He is possible to attend the meeting.
而应该说It is possible for him to attend the meeting.
这类形容词常见的有： possible, improbable, convenient, inconvenient等
注意：这类句型中当动词不定式与句子主语存在着逻辑动宾关系时，主语用"人"是可以的，如
He is impossible to teach. = It is impossible to teach him.
下句也是正确的：
She is necessary to get along well with.
4. worth, worthwhile 和worthy
1) be worth 表示"价值"时，后面可以直接接名词或-ing形式；
2) 在It is worth while 结构中，it 为形式主语，后面可接-ing形式，也可接动词不定式
3) worthy 可修饰名词作定语，如a worthy man 可尊敬的人， a worthy life 有价值的 / 有意义的生活，
与 of 连用时可作后置定语，如a cause worthy of support 值得支持的事业。
worthy of 作表语时，后面可接名词或-ing形式（常用其被动式）
4) worthy后面也可接动词不定式，被动含义时也须用不定式的被动式。
5. 有些副词与形容词形式相同，表示同一含义，常见的有：early , late , fast , high , straight
6. 副词的位置
1) 修饰形容词和其它副词时，通常放在被修饰词之前，但enough一词例外。如
This is a very useful tool
He doesn't work hard enough.
2) 频度副词 (often , usually , seldom , hardly , never, sometimes, always等)要放在实义动词的前面，
be 动词、助动词、情态动词的后面。如
We often go to the park..
He is always ready to help others.
3) 地点副词、时间副词、方式副词常位于句末。如
I remember that I met him somewhere.
Everything went smoothly.
4) 同时出现几种副词时的排列顺序：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。如
He made his model plane perfectly there yesterday.
5) 作定语的副词放在被修饰词之后。
People here are very friendly to me.
7. 某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。
如friendly , comradely , lively , lovely, lonely, likely, deadly , silly , orderly
8. 有些副词有两种形式（加-ly后变为另一副词），但意义不同，使用时应予注意。
如： late 迟， 晚 lately 近来, high 高 highly 高度地
（四）形容词和副词的比较等级用法
1. 两者相比（A=B），用"as + 原级 + as"表示
2. 两者相比（A3. 两者相比（A>B）， 用"比较级+than"表示。
4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用"the + 最高级"表示，这种句型中常有表示比较范围的
介词短语。
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
He works (the )hardest in his class.
说明：(1)用比较级句型表达最高级含义时，应注意避免和包括自身的对象比。常用句型为：
比较级 + than +
(2)比较级句型和同级比较句型中出现否定词no , never , nothing等，也可表达最高级含义。
I love nothing better than swimming . (= I love swimming best.)
I have never seen as old a car as this. (= This is the oldest car I've ever seen.)
(3)最高级可以被序数词以及much , by far , nearly , almost, by no means, not quite , not really , nothing like
等词语所修饰。
(4)表示"最高程度"的形容词，如excellent , extreme , perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。
5. 比较级的一些常用句型
1) 表示"几倍于…"时，用"倍数+as…as"或"倍数+比较级+than"两种结构。
2) 用"比较级 + and + 比较级"表示"越来越…"
3) 用"the + 比较级, the + 比较级"表示"越…，越…"。
4) 表示size , weight , length , width, height等的倍数，用"倍数+the (size , weight…)+of …"结构。
5) 比较级前的修饰语可用表示程度或数量的词或短语，主要有：even, still , much, far, any
(用于否定句或 疑问句), a lot , a great deal, by far, a little , a bit , three times, two metres 等。
6) 表示"两者中间…的一个"，比较级前要加the，即"the + 比较级 + of the two"结构。
7) no more than = only 或 as … as 只有， 仅仅
not more than = at most 至多，不超过
8) no less than 有…之多 not less than 不少于
知识点训练
(一) 经典试题回顾
⑴--How was your recent visit to Qingdao ?
--It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _____ days at the seaside.(NMET 95)
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny
C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
⑵Can you believe that in ______ a rich country there should be _____ many poor people ? (同上)
A. such , such B. such , so C. so , so D. so , such
⑶Wait till you are more ______, It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET 97)
A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain
⑷Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____known for his plays. (NMET 98)
A. the best B. more C. better D. the most
⑸____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (NMET 2000)
A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
⑹It's always difficult being in a foreign country, _____ if you don't speak the language.
A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially (同上)
⑺John plays football _____, if not better than, David. (NMET 94)
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
⑻We all write ______, even when there's not much to say. (同上)
A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less
⑼_____ I'd like _____ information about the management of your hotel, please.
_____ Well, you could have _____ word with the manager. He might be helpful. (NMET 95)
A. some , a B. an , some C. some , some D. an ,a
⑽If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is. (同上)
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
⑾We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____. (NMET 96)
A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily
⑿How beautifully she sings ! I have never heard _____. (同上)
A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice
⒀In that case, there is nothing you can do ____ than wait. (NMET 2001 北京内蒙安微春季)
A. more B. other C. better D. any
⒁I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ____ trick.（同上）
A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D . simple
⒂ _____ role she played in the film ! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (NMET 2002 上海春季)
A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. What an interesting
⒃The magazine is a(n) _____ number. You can take it out of the reading-room. (同上)
A. back B. past C. old D. former
⒄It is good for elderly people to be _____ involved in community service. (同上)
A. honestly B. patiently C. eagerly D. actively
⒅Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home. (NMET 2003)
A. much too heavy B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much D. too heavy much
⒆____ I'm very ______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. (NMET 2002
A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased 北京内蒙安微春季)
C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasant
⒇Two-middle aged passengers fell into the sea. _______, neither of them could swim.
A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally
答案：1-5 BBDCC 6-10 DBAAC 11-15 DDBDD 16-20 ADADC
（二）巩固练习
1. There are many _____ computers in the department store.
A. last B. later C. latest D. latter
2. "Have you ever been to Paris ?"
"Yes, I've _____ been there."
A. once B. ever C. almost D. nearly
3. He uses his car _____ for going hunting.
A. mostly B. most C. almost D. nearly
4. The plane flew _____ in the sky and the people spoke ____ of the experienced pilot.
A. highly ; highly B. high ; high C. high ; highly D. highly ; high
5. The more ____ we unite, the stronger we become.
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closedly
6. Huggins does the work with _____ care.
A. big B. very C. much D. great
7. It's _____ that we'd better go for a walk.
A. so a beautiful night B. such beautiful a night
C. so beautiful a night D. a night so beautiful
8. The Mississippi River is longer than _____ in the U.S.A.
A. any river B. any other rivers C. any other river D. all the rivers
9. He is so ill that _____ hope is left.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
10. The buses run every ____ minutes.
A. other B. many C. a few D. few
11. ____ food is better than none.
A. Any B. Little C. A little D. Every
12. "What do you think of the headmaster's address ?"
"I liked ____ of what he said."
A. more B. several C. many D. much
13. Tom is _____ his height.
A. rather thin as to B. too thin for C. so thin for D. very thin of
14. "Jane was quite unfriendly."
"I think she's _____ than unfriendly."
A. shyer B. shier C. more shy rather D. more shy
15. "This cake is delicious."
"Well, at least it's ______ the one I baked last week."
A. as worse as B. as better than C. no worse than D. not better as
16. Harry treats his secretary badly. He seems to think she is the ____ person in the office.
A. less important B. lease important C. not more important D. not most important
17. "It's never _____ to learn." Means "You can not be _____ old to learn."
A. late enough ; very B. late ; so C. too late ; too D.very late ; only
18. He knew _____ little French that he couldn't make himself understood.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
19. "Jim seems to like this country."
"Yes he is _____ here as he was at home."
A. almost as happy B. as happy almost C. as almost happy D. almost happy as
20. She is older than _____ there years.
A. me for B. I am by C. I for D. me by
21. I think it's _____ for walking.
A. very much hot B. much very hot C. too much hot D. much too hot
22. I'm sure she expected to be back _____.
A. before long now B. now long before C. long before now D. now before long
23. John's record was ____ on the team.
A. not so good as all the players B. not so good as any players
C. not so good as any other players D. not so good as that players
24. They are ____ to arrive in time.
A. possible B. impossible C. likely D. like
25. Which one is correct ?
A. The reward is worthy B. That work is worthy of doing
C. This question is worthy to consider D. There is nothing worthy of being mentioned
26. We are studying ______ books now.
A. three physics very difficult B. very difficult three physics
C. very three difficult physics D. three very difficult physics
27. She has a _____ stamp.
A. green square valuable HongKong B. HowKong valuable square green
C. square valuable green HongKong D. valuable square green HongKong
28. The stars are ______ when there is no moon.
A.the brightest B. brightest C. more brighter D. much bright
29. He is the most famous musician _____.
A. live B. alive C. living D. lively
30. Bob _____ after he finished the heavy Job.
A. fell fast asleep B. fell sound sleep C. fell to asleep D. went to his sleep
31. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _____.
A. open B. to open C. to be opened D. opening
32. We don't care if a hunting dog smells _______, but we really don't want him to smell ____.
A. well ; badly B. well ; well C. badly ; bad D. bad ; bad
33. Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ many poor people.
A. such ; such B. such ; so C. so ; so D. so ; such
34. The pianos in the other shop will be ______, but _____.
A. cheaper ; not as better B. much cheap ; not as better
C. cheaper ; not as good D. more cheap ; not as good
35. John plays football ______, if not better than David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D.so well as
36. "How did you find your visit to the museum ?"
"I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _____ than I expected."
A. far more interesting B. even much interesting
C. so more interesting D. a lot much interesting
37. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose _____ one as she didn't want to spend
too much money on it.
A. the less expensive B. the least expensive
C. less expensive D. least expensive
38. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays.
A. the best B. more C. better D. the most
39. He had never spent a ______ day.
A. more worry B. most worrying C. more worrying D. most worried
40. How beautifully she sings ! I've never heard ______.
A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice
41. "Are you interested in her answer ?"
"Not at all . It couldn't have been _____."
A. worse B. better C. so bad D. the worst
42. Which is ______ country, Canada or Australia ?
A. a large B. large C. a larger D. the larger
43. Paper produced every year is _____ the world's production of vehicles.
A. the three times weight of B. three times the weight
C. as three times heavy as D. three times as heavy as
44. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ____ money and ____ people.
A. less ; fewer B. less ; few C. less ; less D. fewer ; fewer
45. Some people are against the plan , but _____ support it.
A. much more B. many more C. no more D. any more
46. It's believed that _____ you work, ____ result you'll get.
A. the harder ; a better B. the more hard ; the more better
C. the harder ; the better D. more hard ; more better
47. The climate of Shanghai in summer is not so hot as _____.
A. Nanjing B. of Nanjing C. that of Nanjing D. in Nanjin
48. Though he was an _____, he was _____ in all kinds of _____.
A. action, active , activity B. actor , actively, activity
C. actor , active, activities D. activity, actor, active
49. Which is not an adverb ?
A. brotherly B. hardly C. on D. highly
50. This one is _____ too large. Give me a smaller one.
A. so B. very C. fairly D. rather
51. It is _____ to travel by air than by water.
A. much more excited B. a lot more exciting
C. a lot more excited D. much exciting
52. China Daily is _____ a newspaper , so it is helpful to us all.
A. no more than B. not more than C. more than D. less than
53. The book seems to be _____ like a dictionary ______ a grammar.
A. more ; than B. much ; than C. many ; rather than D. very instead of
54. This new type of TV set is very thin, and it is ______ than a one hundred-page book.
A. no thinner B. no thicker C. not thinner D. less thicker
55. The bookshelf is of ______ the other one.
A. the same height as B. as higher as C. high as D. the same high as
56. The new building is _____ the old one.
A. the size of five times B. five times big than
C. five times than the size of D. five times the size of
57. Betty stood _____ to her teacher and watched ______ what he was doing.
A. close ; closely B. close ; close C. closely ; close D. closely ; closely
58. He was hit by a bullet but _____ he was only ____ wounded.
A. lucky ; badly B. luckily ; badly C. luckily ; slightly D. lucky ; slightly
59. The boy looked _____ , but his weak breath suggested hat he was still _____.
A. dying ; alive B. dead ; living C. dead ; alive D. dying ; living
60. This is one of the best films. I've ever seen, it not _____.
A. the best B. best C. the better D. good
61. The water melon is _____ of the two.
A. worse far B. worst by far C. by far the worse D. far worse
62. "I'm as poor as you." Means "_____".
A. I'm not as rich as you B. I'm no richer than you
C. You're richer than I D. I'm even poorer
63. He looked _____ and looked _____ at the policeman.
A. calm ; calm B. calmly ; calmly C. calmly ; calm D. calm ; calmly
64. There must be ______ with the machine.
A. something wrong serious B. something serious wrong
C. something seriously wrong D. something wrong seriously
65. My father was _____ asleep and my mother was also ____ asleep.
A. fast ; sound B. deep ; deeply C. very ; well D. wide ; very
66. Tom is _____ any other student in his class.
A. so brightly a boy as B. as bright a boy as
C. as a bright boy as D. the same bright as
67. These problems are different in essence, so they should be dealt with _____.
A. totally B. specially C. separately D. particularly
68. To plant the tree , we must dig _____.
A. a hole three feet deep B. three-foot-deep a hole
C. a three-feet-deep hole D. a three feet deep hole
69. Those _____ glasses are too _____ for the child to reach.
A. high , high B. tall , tall C. tall , high D. high , tall
70. Which of the following sentence is wrong ?
A. He didn't catch as many birds as he had hoped
B. She looked after the children as gently as possible.
C. We ought to rest as much as possible.
D. They should work hard as possible as they can.
71. Yesterday we had a lecture given by a _____ teacher.
A. well-mannered , young school B. young, well-mannered school
C. well-mannered, school young D. school, well-mannered young
72. They said nothing , looking ____ at the headmaster.
A. sad B. worried C. excited D. coldly
73. The _____ amount of money was not known although they knew it was large.
A. real B. actual C. true D. all
74. I can't thank you _____ much for your kindness, because without your help I can't have succeeded
in the examination.
A. too B. very C. quite D. that
75. I'm not sure what time I'll arrive, maybe half past seven or a quarter to eight. _____, I'll be there as early as possible.
A. Anyhow B. However C. Thus D. Therefore
76. He's a slow learner. There is no reason, _____, to expel (开除) him from school.
A. though B. otherwise C. somehow D. therefore
77. ---You'd better be _____ about what happened in your family.
---Of course I will let no one else know it.
A. silent B. quiet C. calm D. speechless
78. ---Did you enjoy yourself at the party ?
---Sorry to say. I didn't. It was _____ a meeting than a party.
A. more of B. rather like C. less of D. more or less
79. Not _____, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.
A. obviously B. surprisingly C. particularly D. normally
80. It is generally true that the lower the stock markets fall, _____.
A. the higher the gold price raises B. higher the price of gold price
C. the higher the price of gold rises D. higher the gold price raises
答案: 1-5 CAACB 6---10 DCCBC 11---15 ADBDC
16-20 BCAAB 21-25 DCCCD 26---30 DDBBA
31---35 ACBCB 36---40 ABCCD 41---45 ADDAB
46---50 CCCAD 51---55 BCABA 56-60 DACCA
61---65 CBDCA 66---70 BCACD 71-75 ADBAA
76-80 AAABC
形容词、副词部分解析：
2. ever 多用于疑问句、否定句、比较状从和条件句中，通常不用于答语。
6. with care 用作状语，care 的修饰词可用special ，great , more 等。
11. any 用于肯定结构中意为"任意的""任何的"。全句意为"有吃的总比没有好"。
15. no worse than 在本句中意为as good / delicious as (并不比…差；一样好)。
28. 本句中the stars 实际是"泛指"，不是与其它"星星"比较，没有表示范围的状语，故最高级形 容词前不用定冠词。
32. 本句中第一个smells是实义动词"嗅觉"，第二个smell是系动词"闻起来"。
38、39. 两句中都没有明显的连接比较状语从句的连词than， 属于"暗含比较句"。特别注意下列关于比较等级的句型。
51. "a lot more exciting … than … " 比 … 更令人兴奋得多，a lot = much
52. 本句答案C："more than"意为"不仅仅""不只是"。
53. "more like … than …""更象…而不是…"
54. 本题为并列句，前一句中明确告诉我们"…very thin"，故答案应为no thicker than = as thin as …
61. 本句中有"…of the two", 指两者之间"更为…"，比较级worse 前面的定冠词不可省略。
62. 参见15题说明及54题。
72. 本题应用副词作状语，修饰"looking … at sb"，而不是"看起来+形容词作表语"的结构，四个选项中唯coldly 为adv.
74. "cannot …too …"意为"无论怎样也不过分"，常用于语气较强的肯定含义。
76. "though"作ad.常用于句末或句中，表示"然而，可是""尽管如此"。又如：
He thinks I'm too easy-going. It doesn't matter though.
77. silent 有"沉默""不表态"之意；quiet 安静，不出声；calm（情绪）镇定，平静；speechless未发言，不讲话，说不出话来。
78. "more of"意为"在更大程度上"，又如She's more of a singer than a nurse.
80. 本题为"the more … the more "句型，the higher 后面所接句子的主语，"the gold price"和"the price of gold"皆可，但谓动只能用不及物动词"rises"，而不可用及物动词"raises"。
责任编辑：李芳芳

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