语法系列复习专题二-----代词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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语法系列复习专题二-----代词
代词的分类
1.人称代词：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形容词性和名词性两种所有格）
2.反身代词:myself ,yourself ,himself ,herself ,itself ,ourselves ,yourselves
themselves
3.指示代词:this ,that ,these ,those
4.疑问代词:who ,whom ,what ,which
5.相互代词:each other ,one another
6.不定代词:some ,any ,all ,both ,none ,one, each ,either ,neither ,other ,another,
something ,anything ,nothing ,anyone ,anybody , someone ,somebody ,nobody
7.关系代词(用于定语从句):who ,whom ,whose，that ,which ,as
代词用法注意点
1.名词性所有格代词可作主语、宾语、表语，可用于双重所有格。例如：
This isnt my book. Its his. Mine is in the bag. /Is she a friend of yours ?/Do
you think this bag of mine beautiful ?/She lost some pencils of hers.
2.反身代词可用于某些固定搭配。例如：
①(all)by oneself 自己单干，独立干：
The boy usually finishes his homework by himself.
②of oneself 自动地，自行地：
Mary will correct her mistakes in the exercises of herself.
③for oneself 替/为自己：You have to choose for yourself.
3.指示代词this/these一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物；that/those 常指时间和
空间上较远的人或物。
进行比较时，that可代替不可数名词或单数名词以避免重复；those 可代替复数名词以
免重复。例如：
The water of the well is cleaner than that of the river./The Christmas cards are
much better than those you bought yesterday.
4.相互代词each other ,one another.前者通常指两者之间的“相互”，后者侧重三者或三
者以上的“相互”，也可指两者之间的“相互”。
5.不定代词
①some多用于肯定句；any多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中。另外some可用于表示请求、
提议或者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，修饰可数名词，表示“任何、无论哪一个”
例如：
If you have any ink ,please give me some.
Edison became quite expert at it and could find work in any town he went to.
②all 与none
all表示“三者或三者以上全部”，可以修饰可数、不可数名词。none用于表示对三个或
三个以上的人或物的否定，意思是“没有什么人，没有什么东西”，可作主语和宾语。none
of…后的谓语可以是单数或复数形式。none可以简略回答以How many或How much开头
的疑问句。
例如：
None of them have/has failed.
—— How many books are there on the desk ? —— None.
注意：no one (＝nobody)不同于none ,作主语时只能跟单数谓语，不可跟of短语连用，
回答以who开头的问句，不能回答How many/much …开头的问句。
例如：
—— Who is in the room ? —— no one(＝Nobody).
——Is there any oil in the glass ? —— None.
③other ,another ,the other ,others ,the others
other表示“没有范围的，其他的”，与名词复数连用。如：other books/boys/…
another泛指很多中的“另一个”，可作代词或形容词用，代替或修饰单数可数名词。
如：
I dont like this hat ,please show me another.
the other可作代词或形容词用，指已知的事物或人中的“另一个”，或另一方中的“全
部其他的”。
如：
I have two sisters.One is a student and the other is a worker./I can see only
two teachers in the office.Where are the other teachers ?
others泛指其他的人或物；the others特指其余的人或物。others常和some对比使用。
例如：
Thirty students in our class are boys ,the others are girls.
Some are carrying water ,others are watering the trees.
④one作为不定代词，泛指“任何人”（包括说话人在内），还可用来代替上文出现过的可
数名词（指人或物），并有复数形式ones。
例如：
I have bought a new bike.My old one doesnt work./One must do ones duty.
注意：one ,that都可代替前面出现过的单数名词，但这样用时，one可被前置或后置
定语修饰,that只能被后置定语修饰。
例如：
This book is the one that is needed by him.
My seat is next to that of our teacher.

代词考点分析
1.—— When shall we meet again ?
—— Make it _____ day you like;its all the same to me.(96年高考题)
A．one B．any C．some D．another
析： 此题答案为B。若选A，one day意“过去/将来的某一天”；若选C,some day意“有朝一日”、“将来某一天”、“迟早”；若选D，another day意“改日”、“又/另一天”；选B，any day意“随便哪一天”、“无论哪一天”，显然它适合此题。
2.Im reading a new book these days ,_____ in English.
A.it B.that C.one D.which
析： 排除A选项it的原因是因为it前或后都不可放定语；若选B项that,则因其不能替代同一事物，也可排除；至于D项which，因其是定语从句引导词，在此明显不合用。只有C项one一方面它可有前置或后置定语，另一方面它可以替代前面出现的名词a book,故是正确答案。
3.There were two boys who called and I gave an apple to _____.
A.every B.all C.either D.each
析： 由题干内容可知有两个孩子在叫喊，故all（指三者或三者以上）不可选；every表“两者中任意的一个”，在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each(两者中的每一个)填入空白才合题干内容。
4.We dont know _____ of the visitors here;we only know some.
A.everyone B.every one C.anybody D.each one
析： 因为everyone ,everybody ,anybody等不定代词一般不带限定语（此处不能与of短语连用），故A、C选项可排除。若选D项，因not…each结构表全否定，与下句“we only know some”不合，故不能成立。只有选B时，not…every表半否定，与下句意相合。
5.Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _____.
(上海题)
A.the other B.some other C.others D.those other
析： 根据in some ways（在某些方面），可知空白处要选表达复数意义的词，据此可排除A、B；又因为没有those other这样的词语，故可排除D。根据some常与others相呼应使用规律，可定C为正确答案。
6.The question is too difficult and we found _____.
A.it not easy to answer it B.it was not easy for us to answer it
C.its not easy to answer D.it not easy to answer
析： 根据时态一致规律，we found后不可跟C选项；要表达“那个问题不容易答。”这一意思时，应说The question is not easy to answer.要表达“我们发现那个问题不容易答。”这一意思时，应说We found the question (was)not easy to answer.据此可排除A、B选项；只有D才是唯一正确选项。
7.The hairdresser now cuts _____ mens and womens hair.
A.any B.each C.both D.either
析： 根据题干mens and womens hair ,可知应选与两者有关的代词，于是立即可排除A。由于each 和either不可直接修饰复数名词或复数名词所有格（应说each of …,either of…）,故又可排除B、D选项。只有both才能与其后的and构成both…and…结构。故正确答案是C。
8.——Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end ?
——If you keep still ,you can sit at _____end. (NMET)
A.neither B.each C.either D.any
析： 一条船只有两头，any是指三者或三者以上，在此不合用。neither是“两者都不”，填入空白处意思不对；each意“两者或三者，三者以上每个人都…”，若填入此题空白，不合语境，因为一个人不能同时坐船的两头。只有选either(两者之一)才合此题情景。
9.——Have you finished your report yet ?
——No ,Ill finish in _____ ten minutes. (NMET)
A.less B.more C.other D.another
析： less后可直接跟形容词、副词、名词，象ten minutes这样的“数词＋名词”短语则不可直接放于less之后，只能放于less than之后，因此A项可排除。“再过/再用十分钟”可以说in ten more minutes ,ten minutes more ,another ten minutes ,据此可排除B项。至于other一词，因它不能表达“再、又”意，故也可排除。因此D为正确答案。
10.Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia. (NMET)
A.any B.any other C.other D.another
析： 此题是加拿大与亚洲国家相比，无需other或another ,else这类词，故B、C、D应排除。因为any（任何）后可跟单数名词或复数名词，填入空白意思也合语境，所以A是正确答案。
代词专练
1.—— Which of the two dictionaries will you borrow ?
—— Ill borrow _____ ,for the different uses.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
2._____ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.
A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None
3.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _____ of us had _____ money on us.
A.all ;no B.any ;no C.none ;any D.no one ;any
4.They were all very tired ,but _____ of them would stop to take a rest.
A.neither B.none C.some D.any
5.There is a No.2 trolleybus and a No.24 bus ;_____ will take you there.
A.both B.either C.all D.any
6.As we were asleep ,_____ of us heard the sound.
A.both B.none C.either D.any
7.—— Which of the five may I use ?
—— Oh ,____.
A.any one B.anyone C.anything D.nothing
8.——Are the two answers correct ?
——No ,_____ correct.
A.no one is B.both are not C.neither is D.either is not
9.I asked him for some oil ,but he hadnt _____.
A.any B.some C.no D.anything
10.You have three English dictionaries ,but I have only two _____.
A.ones B.不填 C.the one D.the ones
11.I have a colour TV set.I want to sell ____.
A.one B.the one C.that D.it
12.This film is not so good as _____ we saw last week.
A.that B.it C.the one D.one
13._____ of us must go there and help him out.
A.One or other B.One by one
C.One or the other D.One or another
14.We all felt _____ to be the highest praise.
A.it B.that C.that one D.the one
15.Havent you read _____ English storices ?Please tell us an interesting one.
A.any B.all C.either D.some
16.—— Would you like _____ dumplings ?
—— No,thanks.
A.some B.another C.any D.all
17.If there is _____ chance ,I will try another.
A.one B.any C.some D.all
18.—— Are _____ here to take the college entrance exam ?
—— Yes ,we _____.
A.all you ;are all B.you all ;all are
C.all of you ;are all D.you of all ;all are
19.Mr Green gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _____ who had already
taken them.
A.one B.the ones C.some D.the others
20.—— Have you ever seen a snake alive ?
—— Yes ,Ive seen _____.
A.that B.so C.one D.it
21.—— Lily ,do you have an umbrella ?It is raining outside.
—— Yes ,but its _____.
A.small one B.small umbrella C.only a small one D.that one
22.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard ,but _____ didnt help.
A.this B.which C.any D.it
23.—— Have you got _____ red ink ?
—— Sorry ,I havent got _____.
A.some ;some B.any ;many C.some ;any D.any ;some
24.I prefer a street in a small town to _____ in such a large city as Shanghai.
A.that B.it C.this D.one
25.Sarad has read a lot of stories by American writers.Now she would like to
read _____ stories by writers from _____ countries.
A.some ;any B.other ;some C.some ;other D.other ;other
26.—— Is _____ here ?
—— No ,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.
A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody
27.Our headmaster advised us that in order to succeed in life ,one has to be
honest with _____ friends.
A.their B.her C.ones D.our
28.I borrowed some books _____ myself ,but when I was going to read them ,the
lamp went out _____ itself and I had to sit in the dark _____ myself.
A.不填;for;by B.by;for;of C.for;of;by D.of;不填；by
29.When I first saw the old farmer ,I could hardly imagine _____ invented the
machine to pick cotton.
A.himself B.he himself C.he for himself D.he by himself
30.It is impossible for all the people to get the job ,because _____ of them
are not fit for it.
A.all of B.none of C.each of D.every one of
代词专练答案
1－5 B D C B B 6－10 B A C A B
11－15 D C A B D 16－20 A B B B C
21－25 C D C D C 26－30 C C C B A
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