EXCEPTIONS TO QUESTION TAGS (译林牛津版高一英语必修三教学论文)

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EXCEPTIONS TO QUESTION TAGS
1. 当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如:
I find English very interesting, don’t you?
I don’t like that film, do you?
2. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody, no one等作主语,具有否定概念时。如:
Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they?
Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they?
Nobody wants to go there, does he?
3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时,附加 疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如:
Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?
Nothing is kept in good order, is it?
Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it?
4. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如:
This is important, isn’t it?
That isn’t correct, is it?
These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?
5. 如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如:
One can’t be too careful, can one?或can you?
One should do his duty, shouldn’t he?
6. 如果陈述部分用I’m…结构,附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。如:
I am strong and healthy aren’t I?
7. 当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如:
There’s no help for it, is there?
There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
8. 陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
Few people know him, do they?
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如:
He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?
Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
9. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:
She says that I did it, doesn’t she?
I told them not everybody could do it ,didn’t I?
但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。
I suppose that he’s serious isn’t he?
I don’t think she cares, does she?
10. 当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:
Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn’t he?
11. 在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you,有时也可用can you, can’t you, why don’t you, could you等。如:
Don’t open the door, will you?
Give me some cigarettes, can you?
Take a rest, why don’t you?
但是,以let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。如:
Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?
Let us go out for a rest, will you?
12. 当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn’t。如:
You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?
I must answer the letter, mustn’t I?
但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如:
You must have made a mistake, haven’t you?
They must have seen the film last week, didn’t they?
He must be in the library, isn’t he?
13. 当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时,疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如:
The old man used to smoke, didn’t he?或usedn’t he?
Tom used to live here, usedn’t he?或didn’t he?
14. 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如:
He ought to know the answer, oughtn’t he?
We ought to read this book, oughtn’t we?或shouldn’t we?
15. 当陈述部分含有had better时,疑问部分用had。
如:You’d better finish your homework now, hadn’t you?
16. 感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如:
What a clever boy, isn’t he?
What a lovely day, isn’t it?
17. 陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如:
Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn’t it?
Between six and seven will suit you, won’t it?
Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
18. 在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:
Oh, he is a writer, is he?
You’ll not go, won’t you?
19. 陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如:
I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?
20. 当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:
You have a new bike, haven’t you(或don’t you)?
She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?
巩固练习:
1. I don’t think that the necklace is made of diamond, ________?
A. do I B. do you C. isn’t it D. is it
2. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned, ________?
A. hadn’t B. had C. didn’t she D. did she
3. It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that, ________?
A. haven’t I B. don’t I C. don’t he D. isn’t it
4. Harry wouldn’t become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the holiday, _________?
A. would he B. had it C. would it D. had he
5. No one left here yesterday, ________?
A. didn’t they B. did they C. didn’t one D. did one
6. Birds rarely build nests in our garden, ________?
A. don’t they B. do they C. didn’t they D. did they
7. You must have been to the Great Wall, _________?
A. mustn’t you B. haven’t you C. aren’t you D. must you
8. Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, ________?
A. doesn’t it B. don’t they C. does it D. do they
9. They must have stayed at home last night, ________?
A. mustn’t they B. haven’t they C. didn’t they D. must they
10. ---You ought to stay up late tonight, _______ you?
---Yes, I’ve got too much homework.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
11. Let’s start out early tomorrow morning, ________?
A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. can’t you
12. There’s not much news in today’s newspaper, ________?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there
13. They need our help badly at the moment, ________?
A. needn’t they B. need they C. don’t they D. do they
14. She is unfit for the position, ________?
A. is she B. isn’t she C. doesn’t she D. does she
15. I wish to visit America, ________?
A. don’t I B. can I C. may I D. may you
16. She’s been a worker here for many years, ________?
A. isn’t she B. is she C. hasn’t she D. has she
17. What beautiful flowers, ________?
A. aren’t they B. are they C. isn’t it D. is it
18. Mother used to live in a poor village, _________?
A. used she B. usedn’t she C. didn’t he D. did he
19. You’d better go at once, ________?
A. wouldn’t you B. had you C. hadn’t you D. should you
20. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul, _______?
A. can it B. can’t it C. can they D. can’t they
Keys:1-5 DCBAB6-10 BBACB11-15 ADCBC16-20 CABCA
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