2006届新高三基础知识归纳 SB3A Units1--4 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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2006届新高三基础知识归纳
　SB3A Units1--4
一. 知识菜单
(一. ) 常用单词与词组
常用单词
1. voyager conclude length athletic account inspect confirm certificate gradual enthusiastic decade committee burst underline globe bush administration permission schoolmate grandparent recently familiar delight delighted energetic cautious outgoing evaluate various key origin equip wealthy Asian ambassador wander motherland existence accurate navy treasure command royal embassy volunteer dam suggest accomplish unable sacred aircraft chairman evidence praise strait islander govern diverse transform immigration strengthen differ pronunciation vocabulary concept chairwoman entire fence birthplace outing roast steak barrier hairy medium bushy procedure rose strawberry lemon bunch growth classify identification promote botanical appetite appoint calculate expense astronomy cocoa enterprise settlement accumulate abandon straw pineapple tone altogether latter distinguish
2. beard/ moustache
3. tight/ tightrope/ tighten
4. edition/ edit/ editor
5. hire/ fire
6. attempt to do sth
7. suitable/ fit
8. blank adj./ n.
9 bid n. /v
10.skillful/ skilled/ skill
11. truly/ true/ real/ really
12. puzzle n./ vt.
13. sick/ sickness/ ill/ illness
14. arise/ rise/ raise
15.fellow adj./n
16.criminal n./ adj.
17.female/ male
18.mine n/ vi/ pron.
19.outdoors/ outdoor/ indoors/ indoor
20.point/ pointed
21.merely/ only
22.classify/class/ classical
23.reward n. vt.
24.technician/ technical/ technique/technology
25.nowhere/ anywhere/ everywhere/ somewhere
26.appearance/ appear/ disappear
27. latter/ later/ late/lately
28.output/ input
29.millimeter/ centimeter/ kilometer
常用词组
1. set down/ write down/put down
2. in a row
3. in the first place/ first/ firstly
4. apply for
5. be enthusiastic about/over/at
6. burst into sth/ burst out doing
7.be familiar with/ be familiar to
8. center on/ upon
9. concentrate on/ upon
10. in the name of / after one’s name
11. be a puzzle to sb.
12. in exchange for
13. set sail to/for /from
14. in return/in turn
15. bring up
16. apart from/ besides/ except/ except for
17. run out/ run out of
18.as a consequence of
19.go walkabout
20.break out/ break away
21.feed…on/ live…on
22.round up
23.look out for
24.on a large scale
25.year after year/ year by year
26.pass away
27.name …after
28.in detail/ in order
(二)重点语法:
1. Review the Subject
2. Review the Predicate
3. Review the Predicative
4. Review the Object
二. 疑难点拨:
1. conclude
vt.
1.) 结束[(+by/with)]
He concluded the speech by quoting/ with a quotation from Einstein.
他最后引用爱因斯坦的一句话结束演说。
2.) 推断出,断定 [+that]
From what you’ve said I can conclude that you like the job very much.
从你所说的我可以推断出你非常喜欢这份工作。
3.) 缔结(条约)[(+with)]
conclude a treaty with和……订立条约
4.) (最后)决定(为)[+to-v][+that]
He concluded to quit on pay day.
他决定在发薪水这天辞职。
He concluded that he would wait a little longer.
他决定再等一会儿。
vi.
结束,终了[(+with)]
The play concluded with the death of the entire cast.
该剧以全体剧中人物之死结局。
2. make for可造成，可成为，有好处
The large print makes for easier reading.
大字排版使阅读轻松一些。
Does early rising make for good health?
早起有利于健康吗？
3. attempt
vt.
1.) 试图;企图;试图做[+to-v]
They attempted to finish the task before July.
他们打算在七月以前完成这项任务。
2.) 试图攻占
They attempted the life of the leader.
他们试图杀死这个领袖。
n.[C]
1.) 企图,尝试[(+at/on)][+to-v]
He made an attempt on the world record.
他试图打破世界纪录。
Her attempt at poetry was a failure.
她尝试写诗失败了。
make an attempt to do sth./ at doing sth. 试图做某事
2.) 攻击[(+on)]
Several attempts have been made on the president's life.
已经有人三番五次试图谋杀总统。
4. confirm
vt.
1.) 证实;确定[+(that)]
The Prime Minister confirmed that he would visit France next month.
首相确定他下个月访问法国。
His letter confirmed everything.
他的信证实了一切。
2.) 坚定;加强 [+(in)]
The latest developments confirmed me in my belief.
最新的发展使我坚信我的信仰。
3.) 批准,确认
The queen confirmed the treaty.
女王批准了此项条约。
5. burst
vi.
1.) 爆炸;破裂
The balloon burst.
气球爆炸了。
2.) 冲,闯
Her door was thrust open, and Mrs. Page burst in.
她的门被猛地推开,佩奇太太冲了进来。
3.) 突然出现;突然发生,爆发
4.) (用进行时)塞满,几乎要胀破[(+with)]
I am bursting with pride.
我自豪极了。
相关短语：burst into tears / burst into laughter/ burst out laughing
vt.
1.) 使爆炸;使破裂
After ten days of rain the river burst its banks.
下了十天雨后河堤决口了。
2.) 突然打开;冲出;炸出
3. )使胀破
6. underline
vt.
1.) 在...的下面划线
The key words are underlined.
关键的字下面划了线。
2.) 强调;使突出
This example underlines the consequences of bad management.
这个例子突显了管理不好的后果。
7. be familiar to/ be familiar with
sb./ sth. be familiar to sb. ……对某人来说很熟悉
sb. be familiar with sb./ sth. 某人熟悉或通晓……
I’m familiar with your name.
Your name is familiar to me.
我熟悉你的名字。
She has become familiar with the house
The house has become familiar to her.
她对房子已经很熟悉。
8. center on/ upon/ around
集中; 居中[(+on/upon/around)]
Their talks always center around politics.
他们的谈话总是围绕着政治。
9. concentrate
vt.
集中;聚集,集结 [(+on/upon)]
We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.
我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
Our population is concentrated in the big cities.
我国人口集中在大城市里。
vi.
全神贯注;专心致志于；全力以赴[(+on/upon)]
She couldn't concentrate on a book very long.
她不能长时间专心读一本书。
10. delight
n.
1.) 欣喜,愉快[U]
To our delight, our football team won.
令我们高兴的是,我们的足球队赢了。
She ran back home with delight.
她兴高采烈地跑回家。
2.) 乐事,乐趣[C]
He enjoyed the delights of New York's night life.
他享受了纽约夜生活的乐趣。
vt.
使高兴；使愉快
I'm delighted that you are back.
你回来了,我很高兴。
We were delighted to read your novel.
我们很高兴拜读你的小说。
The clown delighted the audience.
小丑逗乐了观众。
11. puzzle
vt.
1.) 使迷惑;使为难,使窘困
What puzzles me is why they didn't show up.
令我百思不解的是他们为什么没有出现。
He looked a little puzzled.
他看上去有点困惑。
His recent behavior puzzles me.
他最近的行为使我迷惑不解。
2.) 苦思而得出[(+out)]
I could not puzzle out her intentions.
我猜不出她的意图。
We finally puzzled out the meaning of the poem.
我们苦苦思索终于理解这首诗的意思。
vi.
1.) 感到迷惑[(+about/ over)]
I have been puzzling about this question for weeks now.
我对这个问题已冥思苦想了好几个星期。
2.) 苦思,冥思苦想[(+about/over/as to)]
n.
1.) (游戏的)猜谜,智力竞赛[C]
2.) 难题,谜,难以理解之事[sing.]
Her decision was a puzzle to him.
她的决定对他来说是个谜。
3.) 困惑,迷惑[sing.]
I'm in a puzzle as to how to cope with the new situation.
我不知道该如何应付这新局面。
12.in exchange for与……交换
She is giving him English lessons in exchange for his teaching her Chinese.
她教他英语，他教她汉语。
13. wander
vi.
1.) 漫游;闲逛;流浪;徘徊[(+about/off/over/through)]
He wandered about the streets.
他在街上游荡。
2.) 离开正道;离题[(+from/off)]
During the storm the ship wandered from its course.
船在风暴中偏离了航道。
He wandered from the subject.
他说离了题。
3.) (精神)错乱;(思想)混乱;出神,开小差
My attention wandered.
我走了神。
14. suggest
vt.
1.) 建议,提议[+v-ing][+(that虚拟)]
I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.
我建议我们星期天去公园。
The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.
牙医建议她改天再来。
2.) 暗示;启发[+(that陈述)]
Her expression suggested pleasure./that she was pleased
她面露喜色。
3.) 使人想起,使人联想到[(+to)]
That cloud suggests a boat to me.
那朵云使我联想到船。
15. accomplish
vt.
1.) 完成,实现,达到
They didn't accomplish the purpose desired.
他们没有达到预期的目的。
They have accomplished their mission successfully.
他们成功地完成了任务。
2.) 走完,度过
She has accomplished 95 years of her life.
她已达九十五高龄。
The journey was accomplished in five weeks.
花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。
16. refer to
1.) 查阅，参阅
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of the words.
2.) 指……而言，指的是
I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young boy.
3.) 把……称作(as)
Don’t refer to your sister as a silly cow!
refer…to
1.) 指导；让……找
Our teacher refers us to many good books.
If he needs any further information, refer him to me.
2.) 归功于；归咎于
He referred his success to the good teaching he’s had.
17. arise (arose, arisen)
arise vi./ rise vi. / raise vt.
raise是及物动词，比较好区分。下面主要看arise 和rise的区别
arise (1) to come into being or into notice; happen; appear产生,出现,形成
Problems will arise as we do the work.
随着我们开展工作，问题就会出现。
(2) to get up from sitting or lying; stand up 从坐着或者是躺着的状态起来；站起
I will arise and go now.
我现在要起身走了。
rise (1) go up; get higher上升；升高
The river is rising after the rain.
雨后河水在上涨。
Her voice rose higher and higher with excitement.
她激动得声音越来越高。
(2) to stand up from lying, kneeling, or sitting从躺、跪或坐的状态站立起来：起身
She rose to greet her guests.
她站起来迎接客人。
(3) (of price, amount, temperature, etc) to increase, get higher
Tea/ The price of tea has risen by 5 pence/ has risen to 30 pence.
茶的价格上涨了五个便士/上涨到三十便士。
18. fellow
n.[C]
1.) 【口】男人;家伙;人
A fellow must eat.
人总得吃饭。
2.) 伙伴;同事
They are my fellows at school.
他们是我的同学。
adj.
同伴的;同事的;同类的
He recalled his fellow traveller with pleasure.
他愉快地回忆起他的旅伴。
19. criminal
adj.
1.) 犯罪的,犯法的
Robbery is a criminal act.
抢劫是犯罪行为。
2.) 刑事上的
Scotland has its own criminal law.
苏格兰有它自己的刑法。
n.
罪犯[C]
20. transform
vt.[(+into)]
1.) 使改变;使改观;将...改成
The Greggs have transformed their garage into a guest house.
格雷格一家把他们的车库改成了客房。
2.) 改造;改革;改善
The situation has been greatly transformed.
形势已经大大好转。
3.) 使变换
A generator transforms mechanical energy into electricity.
发电机将机械能变成电。
21. differ
vi.
1.) 不同,相异[(+from)]
Our tastes differ from each other.
我们的嗜好不同。
2.) 意见不同[(+with sb. about/ on/ over )]
He differed with his brother about/ on / over a political question.
他和他的兄弟在一个政治问题上见解有分歧。
That's where we differ.
那是我们有分歧的地方。
22. procedure
n.
1.) 程序;手续;步骤[U][C]
The chairman was quite familiar with the procedure for conducting a meeting.
主席对开会的程序很熟悉。
The next procedure is as follows.
下一个步骤如下。
2.) 常规;传统的做法[C][U]
The first step in the procedure for making a kite is to build the frame.
制作风筝的第一步是做骨架。
23. growth
n.
1.) 生长,成长;发育[U]
Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child.
运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。
2.) 增长;增大;发展[U][sing.]
The rate of overall industrial growth was above eight percent.
工业总增长率超过百分之八。
3.) 种植,栽[U]
These are fruits of my own growth.
这些是我自己栽培的水果。
4.) 生长物;产物[C][sing.]
A thick growth of weeds covered the yard.
庭院长满浓密的野草。
24. merely
adv.
只是,仅仅,不过
That was merely a guess of mine.
那只是我的一种猜测。
25. promote
vt.
1.) 使(学生)升级; 晋升[(+to)]
Pupils who pass the test will be promoted to the next higher grade.
通过考试的学生将升到高一个年级去。
2.) 促进;发扬;引起
The Prime Minister's visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries.
首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。
3.) 【美】宣传,推销(商品等)
Your job is to promote the new product.
你的工作是促销这一新产品。
26. appoint
vt.
1.) 任命,指派 [(+as/to)]
They appointed him (to be) manager.
他们任命他为经理。
He appointed Williams as his deputy in the city of York.
他任命威廉斯作为他在约克市的代理人。
2.) 约定,指定;安排
Our visitors arrived at the appointed time.
我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。
27. calculate
vt.
1.) 计算[+(that)]；估计;预测;推测[+(that)]
I calculated that we would arrive at 6:00pm.
按我的计算，我们可以在下午六点正到达。
He calculated the costs very carefully.
他仔细计算开支。
2.)计划,打算;使适合(某种目的) [+to-v]
His remark was calculated to hurt her.
他的话是故意要伤她的。
3.) 【美】【口】以为,认为[+(that)]
I calculate that they will soon arrive.
我看他们快要到了。
vi.
计算
Have you finished calculating yet?
你计算好了吗?
28. reward
n.
1.) 报答;报偿;奖赏;报应[U][C]
It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平。
2.) 酬金;赏金;奖品[C][(+for)]
A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.
有人提供巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。
vt.
1.) 报答,报偿;酬谢;奖励[(+with/for)]
They rewarded him for his great help with a gift of money.
他们奖给他一笔钱以酬谢他鼎立相助。
2.) 报应;惩罚(坏人或坏事)[(+for)]
He will sooner or later be rewarded for his wicked conduct.
他的恶行迟早会受到报应。
29. latter
adj.
1.) 后面的;后半的;末了的
This latter point was of great importance.
后面这点极为重要。
2.) (两者中)后者的
Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother.
这是汤姆和戴维;后者是我的兄弟。
3.) 最近的;现今的
His health has been deteriorating in these latter years.
最近几年他的健康越来越差。
later/late/lately
later 与latter 音同，但意思不一样。它是late的比较级。
late 表示“迟（迟于正常安排的或是期待的时间），晚（指一段时间的末尾或者晚上较晚的时间）”
He always arrived home late.
他经常很晚才回家。
My grandfather likes to stay late.
我祖父喜欢晚睡。
The young tree was planted late in the planting season.
这株小树是在植树季节末期栽的。
lately 表示“最近，近来”，多用于疑问句和否定句，或用于as lately as ，only lately的结构中。
Have you been to the cinema lately?
你近来看过电影吗？
We haven’t been there lately.
我们最近没到那里去过。
I saw her as lately as last Sunday.
我上星期天还见过她。
It is only lately that he has been well enough to go out.
他的身体康复能够外出还是最近的事。
late 还有一些习惯表达法：
later on将来，后来/ sooner or later迟早/ at (the) latest至迟/ of late近来
30. distinguish
vt.
1.) 区别;识别[(+from)]
He can distinguish a genuine antique from a reproduction.
他能区别真正的古董与复制品。
2.) (凭感觉器官)辨认出
I can distinguish my roommates by their footsteps.
我能根据室友的脚步声辨认出他们。
3.) 使杰出;使显出特色
She distinguished herself as a black lawyer.
她成了一位杰出的黑人律师。
vi.
区别;识别;辨别[(+between)]
It is certainly important to distinguish between right and wrong.
明辨是非当然要紧。
基础知识
SB3A Units5—8
一 . 知识菜单
( 一 ) 常用单词
1. convey brand consideration charge broadcast post react accuse associate figure policy spokesman spokeswoman target nowadays nephew attach quit survival biscuit alcohol goat flour nail bedding beyond ox salty pond burden desperate beast accustomed thirst starvation anxiety shallow tax anniversary granddaughter flu throat relief deliver Arctic tough quilt packet ray bark sculpture retell powder standard conscience frost handwriting overcoat anyway god admit clap partner abundant warmth taxpayer occupy constant welfare clerk composer novelist shadow ambition noble indeed goose selfish choir motivation dictation correction alphabet stick acquire awful instruct data academic comprehension anxious secure adopt pile PLA tyre overweight operation level association postcode
2. advertise/ advertiser/ advertisement
3. loss/ lose/ lost
4. blame vt/ n
5. annoy/ annoying/annoyance
6. appeal/ appeal to
7. frequent/ frequently/ often/ always
8. salesman/saleswoman/salesgirl
9. profit n/ v
10. campaign n/ vi
11. illegal/ legal
12. waiter/waitress/ host/ hostess
13. bridegroom/ bride/groom
14. point out/ point to/ point at
15. discount n. /vt./ adj.
16. circumstance/ surroundings / environment
17. assessment/ assess
18. frontier/ front
19. memory/memorial
20. bacteria(pl.)/ bacterium
21. wage/ salary/ income
22. foolish/ fool/ stupid/ silly
23. firm n./ adj./ adv.
24. translator/ translate/ translation
25. interpreter/ interpret/ interpretation
26. everyday/ every day
27. patience/ patient
28. junior/ senior
29. appropriate/ proper/ fit/ suitable
常用词组
1. take…into consideration
2. in charge (of)/ in the charge of/in control of/ in the control of
3. hand in hand/ arm in arm/ shoulder to shoulder/ side by side
4. get across
5. keep an eye out for sb/ sth
6. make sense (of)
7. apply…to/apply for
8. add up/ add up to/ add to/ add…to
9. lose heart
10. take it easy
11. keep up
12. common sense
13. leave behind
14. lose one’s way
15.come to an end /put an end to
16. tie up
17. go for
18. care for/ care about
19. leave alone/ let alone
20. be in want of/ want
21. badly off
22. close up
23. have an eye on/ for
24. as follows
25. of late/ recently
26. make progress
27. in other words/ in words/ in word
28. take risks/ take a risk
29. experiment with/ on
30. piles of/ piles and piles of
32. knock down/ knock over/ knock off
33. fall behind/catch up with/ keep up with
( 二 )重点语法:1. Review the Object Complement
2. Review the Attribute
3. Review the Adverbial
4. Review the Subjunctive Mood (1)
二. 疑难点拨
1. convey
vt.
1.) 运送,搬运,转运[(+from/to)]
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.
用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。
2.) 传播(声音等)
A wire conveys an electric current.
电线传导电流。
3.) 传达,传递,表达[(+to)][+(that)]
I found it hard to convey my feelings to you in words.
我觉得难以用言语向你表达我的感情。
4.) 转让(财产等)[(+to)]
The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son.
老农夫将其农场转让给儿子。
2. advertise
vt.
1.) 为...做广告;为...宣传
If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.
如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须做广告。
2.) 公布;通知
He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election.
他告知他们自己要退出选举的决定。
vi.
做(登)广告,作宣传[(+for)]
The company is advertising for typists in the newspapers.
那家公司在报纸上登广告征聘打字员。
3. blame
vt.
1.) 责备,指责[(+on/for)]
He blamed you for the neglect of duty.
他责备你玩忽职守。
I don't blame you; I blame myself.
我不怪你;怪我自己。
2.) 把...归咎(于);归因于[(+on/onto)]
Don’t blame the failure on him, but on me.
别把失败归咎于他，该怪我。
n.[U]
1.） 责备,指责[(+for)]
I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.
我准备承担这一错误的责任。
2.） 责任[(+for)]
The judge put/ laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.
法官把事故归咎于小轿车司机。
4. react
vi.
1.) 作出反应,反应[(+to)]
How did she react to the news?
她对这个消息反应如何?
2.) 影响,起作用[(+on/upon)]
The two react upon each other.
这两者互相影响。
3.) 抗拒,反抗[(+against)]
Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。
4.) 起反作用,回过来起作用[(+on/upon)]
Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person.
恶人往往有恶报。
5.) 【化】起化学作用;【物】反应[(+with/on)]
How do acids react on metals?
酸对金属会起怎样的化学反应?
An acid can react with a base to form a salt.
酸和碱反应会产生盐。
5. annoy
vt.
1.) 惹恼,使生气;使烦恼[(+by/at/with)]
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
I was annoyed by what those men did.
那些人干的事使我生气。
2.) 打搅,困扰
These flies are annoying me.
这些苍蝇一直在打搅我。
vi.
令人讨厌(或不快)
6. accuse
vt.
1.) 指控,控告[(+of)]
She accused him of stealing her watch.
她控告他偷她的表。
He accused his boss of having broken his word.
他指责老板不守信。
He was accused of murder.
有人指控他谋杀。
2.) 指责,把...归咎(于)
Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.
人类常把自己的不幸归咎于天。
7. associate
vt.
1.) 联想,把...联想在一起[+with]
They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.
他们把火鸡和感恩节联系在一起。
2.) 使联合,使结合[+with];使有联系 [+with]
I didn't want to be associated with it at all.
我根本不想与这事有牵连。
vi.
结交,交往[+with]
He associates with all sorts of people.
他与各种各样的人交往。
Never associate with bad companions.
千万不要与坏人为伍。
8. get across
传播，使...被理解
I couldn't get my point across in the debate.
在辩论中我无法清楚地表明自己的观点。
He found it difficult to get his idea across to them.
他发现他难以使他们了解他的想法。
9. appeal
vi.
1.) 呼吁,恳求[(+to/for)][+to-v]
He appealed to me for help.
他向我求援。
He appealed to his friends for support.
他请求朋友支持。
The govern is appealing to everyone to save water.
政府呼吁人人节约用水。
2. )诉诸,求助[(+to)]
We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information.
我们将求助于多种资料来源。
3.) 有吸引力,迎合爱好 [(+to)]
The idea appealed to Mary.
这主意正合玛丽的心意。
4.) 【律】上诉[(+to/against)]
He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.
他对被判五年徒刑提出上诉。
vt.
【美】将...上诉,对...上诉
He appealed his case to a higher court.
他向上一级法院申诉。
n.
1. 呼吁,请求[C][U][(+to/for)]
He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him.
他最后一次恳求父亲宽恕他。
2. 吸引力,感染力[U]
These subjects have lost their appeal for most students.
对多数学生来说,这些学科已经失去了吸引力。
10. figure
n.[C]
1.) 外形;体形;人影
I saw a figure in the darkness.
我看到暗处有一个人影。
2.) 体态;风姿
She has an attractive figure.
她有迷人的曲线。
She has a slender figure.
她身材苗条。
3.) 人物;名人
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已成了一个知名人物。
4.) 数字
Where did you get those figures?
你从哪儿得到那些数字的?
5.) 数量;金额;价格
His work now commands huge figures.
他的作品现在值大价钱。
6.) 图表;图解;插图
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.
我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。
7.) 画像;塑像
vt.
1.) 计算
Please help me to figure out my income tax.
请帮我算一下我的所得税。
2.) 认为,以为;估计 [+(that)];料到
How do you figure that?
你如何料到的?
I figure that you'd want your coffee.
我想你要喝咖啡了。
11. discount
n.[C][U]
折扣;打折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.
如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。
vt.
1.) 将...打折扣;将商品打去...折扣
That store discounts all its slow-selling goods.
那家商店削价出售所有滞销货。
2.) 不全相信;怀疑地看待
You must discount much of what he says.
他说的好些话,你必须打个折扣听。
vi.
打折扣出售商品
Many stores do not discount at all.
许多商店出售商品一概不打折扣。
12. make sense
有意义;有道理；讲得通
This sentence doesn't make sense.
这句子毫无意义。
It makes sense to take care of your health.
好好照顾自己是有道理的。
13. quit
vt.
1.) 离开;退出
He quitted Paris after a week.
他一周后离开了巴黎。
2.) 放弃[+v-ing]
He has quit smoking.
他已戒了烟。
3.) 解除,免除[(+of)]
She finally quit herself of fear.
她终于消除了恐惧。
4.) 【美】停止[+v-ing]
Quit muttering!
别嘀咕!
vi.
1.) 离开;迁出
If he doesn't pay his rent, he will receive notice to quit.
如果他不付房租,他将被通知搬出去。
2.) 停止
It's almost 5 o'clock; time to quit.
都快五点钟了;该下班了。
14. apply
vt.
1.) 应用;实施[(+to)]
Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial production methods.
科学上的发现常应用在工业生产发法上。
2.) 使起作用;使适用 [(+to)]
This rule can not be applied to every case.
这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。
3.) (后常接oneself)使致力(于),使专心从事[(+to)]
He applied himself to learning French.
他致力于学习法语。
vi.
1.) 申请,请求[(+for/to)]
He has applied for a post in England.
他已申请在英国供职。
2.) 起作用;适用 [(+to)]
This rule applies to freshmen only.
此项规定仅适用于大学一年级学生。
15. burden
n.[C]
重负,重担;负担,沉重的责任
The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.
老人因背着重负而弯腰。
vt.
1.) 加重压于,加负担于,烦扰[(+with)]
The government burdened the nation with heavy taxes.
政府使国民负担重税。
2.) 加负荷于,使载重[(+with)]
He was burdened with a large bundle of magazines.
他吃力地捧着一大捆杂志。
16. desperate
adj.
1.) 情急拼命的,铤而走险的
A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.
一个亡命之徒为了达到自己的目的什么事都做得出来。
2.) 危急的;绝望的
He was desperate when he lost all his money.
当他丢了所有的钱时,他绝望了。
3.) 极度渴望的[F][(+for)][+to-v]
He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.
他渴望有个工作,挣钱供养子女众多的家。
17. deliver
vt.
1.) 投递;传送;运送[(+to)]
He delivered the goods to our office in Manchester.
他把货物送到我们在曼彻斯特的办事处。
The mailman delivered the letters promptly.
那个邮差准时地投递信件。
2.) 发表;讲;宣布
He delivered an important report at the meeting.
他在会上作了重要报告。
3.) 给...接生;生(婴儿)
She delivered twins in the evening.
晚上她生了一对双胞胎。
4.) 解救;解脱;释放[(+from)]
Education delivered him from ignorance.
教育把他从无知中解救出来。
vi.
1.) 投递;送货;传送
That big store will deliver if you want them to.
那家大商店可以按你的要求送货上门。
2.) 履行,实现[(+on)]
I am certain that he will deliver on his promise.
我确信他会履行诺言。
18. care for
1.) 喜欢like，一般用于疑问句和否定句
Would you care for a drink?
你想来点喝的吗?
I don’t care for Paris.
我不喜欢巴黎。
2.) 照料 look after
Who will care for the house while the family is away?
全家人都不在时,由谁照料这间房子呢?
3.) 计较,在意
He doesn't care for what he eats.
他对吃的东西并不计较。
care about
1) 喜欢
Do you care about/ for mountain-climbing?
你喜欢爬山吗？
2）在乎，介意，关心，To care about something is to think it is important. 常用于否定句，如果跟从句，about一般省略。
I don’t care about your opinion
你的意见我不在乎。
I don’t care who you are.
我不管你是睡。
He doesn’t care much about what happens to me.
他不太关心我所发生的事。
19. anyway
adv.
1.) 【口】无论如何,不管怎样,至少,反正
That wasn't my fault, anyway.
反正那不是我的过错。
It may rain, but we shall go anyway.
也许会下雨,可我们无论如何要去。
2.) 不论以何种方式,不论从何种角度
You can do the job anyway you want.
这工作你想怎么干都行。
3.) 随便地,草率地
He dumped the tools in the box just anyway.
他把工具随随便便往箱子里一扔。
20. admit
vt.
1.) 承认[+v-ing][+(that)]
We have to admit that he's a highly competent man.
我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。
I admitted breaking the window.
我承认打破了窗子。
You must admit the task to be difficult.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
2.) 准许进入;准许...进入(或加入)[(+into/to)]
No one but ticket-holders was admitted to the cinema.
只有持票者方可进入电影院。
3.) 容许;可容纳
The theater admits 1000 people.
这剧院可容纳一千人。
vi.
1.) 承认[(+to)]
I must admit to feeling ashamed of my conduct.
我得承认因自己的行为而感到羞惭。
2.) 容许,有余地[(+of)]
This matter admits of no delay.
这事不容耽搁。
21. occupy
vt.
1.) 占领,占据
The enemy soon occupied the town.
敌人很快占领了这个城镇。
2.) 占(时间,空间);占用;住
Reading occupies most of my free time.
阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。
The bathroom is occupied.
浴室有人在用。
3.) (常与oneself连用或作被动式)使忙碌,使从事[(+in/with)]
This game will keep the children occupied.
这个游戏让孩子有得忙了。
She is occupied in writing a novel.
她忙于写小说。
He occupied himself with various research projects.
他终日从事各种研究计划。
22. stick
n.
1.) 枝条;柴枝[C]
2.) 棍,棒,杖;手杖[C]
Grandpa still walks without a stick.
爷爷走路仍不拄拐杖。
vt.
1.) 刺;戮;刺死
stick a pig 宰猪
2.) 钉住;插牢
stick a butterfly钉制蝴蝶标本
3.) 粘贴;张贴
They stuck the notice on the wall.
他们把通知贴在墙上。
4.) 伸,伸出
Don't stick your head out of the train window.
不要把头伸出火车窗外面。
5.) 使停止;阻塞
The ship has been stuck here for a week by bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，船只被阻在此已经一周。
vi.
1.) 粘住;钉住
This stamp won't stick.
这张邮票贴不上。
2.) 陷住;梗塞;被困住
A fish-bone stuck in his throat.
他喉咙里卡了一根鱼刺。
23. instruct
vt.
1.) 指示,命令,吩咐
He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.
他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。
2.) 教授;训练;指导[(+in)]
My job is to instruct her in English.
我的工作是教她英语。
3.) 通知,告知
My agent has instructed me that you still owe me $150.
我的代理人告诉我你还欠我一百五十美元。
24. anxious
adj.
1.) 焦虑的,挂念的[(+about/at/for)]
I'm anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
He was anxious for the safety of his family.
他担心家人的安全。
2.) 令人焦虑的
The week of the flood was an anxious time for all of us.
闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
3.) 渴望的 [(+for)][+to-v][+that]
We're anxious for your safe return.
我们盼望你平安归来。
We were anxious that there be no misunderstanding.
我们极愿没有误解。
I could see that she was anxious for Laura to go.
我看得出她巴望劳拉去。
I'm really anxious to see him.
我急于见他。
25. secure
adj.
1.) 安全的,无危险的[(+from/against)]
Now my house is secure against burglary.
现在我的房子无被盗窃之危险。
2.) 安心的,无忧虑的
You have made me feel secure.
你使我觉得放心。
3.) 有把握的,确定无疑的
Our success is secure.
我们的成功是有把握的。
26. adopt
vt.
1.) 采取;采纳;吸收
After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.
总经理再三考虑之后,决定采纳她的建议。
2.) 过继,收养[(+as)]
Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.
克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。
3.) 正式通过,接受
The agenda was adopted after some discussion.
经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。
27. level
n.
1.) 水平线;水平面[C]
The village is 1,000 meters above sea level.
这村子海拔一千米。
2.) 高,高度[C][U]
The flood rose to a level of 50 feet.
洪水涨到五十英尺高。
3.) (文化等的)水平,程度,标准[C][U]
These students have not reached an advanced level yet.
这些学生尚未达到高级班的程度。
4.) 级别;地位[C]
They are holding a conference at ministerial level.
他们正在举行部长级会议。
28. association
n.
1.) 协会,公会,社团[C]
Have you joined the teachers' association?
你加入教师协会了吗?
2.) 联合,结合;交往[U][(+with)]
I benefited much from my association with him.
我跟他的交往中获益匪浅。
3.) 联想,联想物[C][U]
What association do you have with the color green?
绿色会使你产生什么联想?
基础知识
SB3A Units9—12
一 . 知识菜单
( 一 ) 常用单词
1. abuse insurance income clinic fundamental fee tailor significance bench sink jar lid garbage prince penny grocery bakery weep furnish shabby mailbox bell rag rare garment worn carpet barbershop haircut booklet mutton stove pale prayer comb tortoise flash simplify criterion comrade colleague staff temporary coach compromise shortcoming regulation violent resign ambitious actual definite congratulate smooth combination shame hands-on oral strict commitment absent expand distribute corporation donate curriculum ministry worldwide aspect alongside housewife obtain evident restriction schedule presentation
2. hopeless/ hopeful/ hope
3. allowance/ allow
4. pressure/ press
5. consult/ consulter
6. chemist/ chemistry/ chemical
7. nationwide/ nation/ national
8. unfortunate / unfortunately/ fortunate
9. incident/ accident
10. devotion/ devote/ devoted
11. outcome/ income
12. baggage/ luggage
13. approve/ approval/ disapprove/ disapproval
14. anyhow/ somehow
15. summary/ summarize
16. percentage/ percent
17. suspect vt./ n.
18. uncertain/ uncertainty/ certain/ sure
19. expectation/ expect
20. division/ divide/ separate/ separation
21. excite/ exiting/ exited
22. finance n./ vt.
23. bride/ groom/ bridegroom
24. decline vi./vt./n.
25. load/ workload
26. profession/ professor
27. recorder/ record
28. select/ elect/ choose/ pick out
29. suit/ fit/ match
常用词组
1. lay off
2. make matters worse
3. get rid of
4. make ends meet
5. attend to
6. take pride in/ be proud of
7. do up/ dress up/ make up
8. let down
9. fix sth. on/ upon sb.
10. at length
11. stick with/ stick to
12. through thick and then
13. pull out of
14. carter to
15. in reality/ in fact
16. keep an/ one’s eye on
17. take … into account
18. as a whole
19. once again/ once more
20. live up to
21. to begin with/ to start with
22. drop out (of)
23. result in/ result from
(二)重点语法: 1. Review the Subjunctive Mood (2)
2. Review all the verb tenses
3. Integrative language practice
二. 疑难点拨
1. insurance
n.
1.) 保险;保险契约[U] 保险业[U]
I found a job selling insurance.
我找到一份推销保险的工作。
She works in insurance.
她从事保险业。
2.) 保险金额;赔偿金;保险费[U][(+on)]
The insurance on my house is very high.
我的房屋保险费很高。
He has $100,000 life insurance, which his wife will receive if he dies first.
他有十万美元的人寿保险,如果他先去世,他的妻子将得到这笔钱。
3.) 预防措施;安全保证[U][sing.][(+against)]
I bought some new locks as an additional insurance against theft.
我买了新锁具以进一步防止盗窃。
2. allowance
n.
1.) 津贴,补贴;零用钱[C]
The child has a weekly allowance of five dollars.
这孩子每星期有五元零用钱。
2.) 分配额;允许额[C]
His allowance for food is $100.
他拨出一百美元用于购买食物。
3.) 承认;允许[U]
the allowance of a claim
对要求权的允准
4.) 折扣[C]
If you pay cash now I will give you an allowance of 10% off the price.
如果你现在付现款，我可以给你打九折。
3. pressure
n.
1.) 压;按;挤;榨[U]
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
2.) 压力;压迫;紧迫;催促[U][C]
He works well under pressure.
他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。
3.) 困扰;艰难[U]
These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life.
这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。
4. consult
vt.
1.) 与...商量
I'll do nothing without consulting you.
我采取行动之前一定和你商量。
2.) 找(医生)看病;请教
He went to town to consult his doctor.
他进城去看医生。
3.) 查阅(词典、参考书等)
He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech.
他讲演时不断看他的笔记本。
vi.
1.) 商议,磋商[(+with)]
We will consult with advisors about her education.
我们将和专家商议她的教育事宜。
2.) 当顾问[(+for)]
The retired executive consults for several large companies.
那位退休的总裁在好几家大公司当顾问。
5. fee
n.
1.) (付给律师、医生等的)酬金,服务费[C]
I'm afraid I can't afford the doctor's fee.
恐怕我付不起看医生的费用。
2.) 费(如学费、会费、入场费等)[C]
They charge a small registration fee.
他们收一点注册费。
3.) 赏金,小帐[C]
vt.
付费(或小帐)给
She feed the waiter.
她付给侍者小费。
6. devotion
n.
1.) 献身;奉献[U][(+to)]
We appreciated his devotion of time and money to the project.
我们感谢他为这一项目花费的时间和金钱。
His devotion to science is well known.
他对科学的献身精神为人熟知。
2.) 忠诚;挚爱,热爱[U][(+to/for)]
devotion to music
热爱音乐
7. outcome
n.
结果;结局;后果[sing.][(+of)]
She was satisfied with the outcome of her efforts.
她对自己努力的结果很满意。
I think there can be but one outcome to this affair.
我认为这件事只可能有一种结局。
8. attend to
1.) 注意;致力于
You should attend better to your studies.
你应该更专心于学习。
2.) 关心;照料;护理
The nurse is attending to a sick man.
护士正在照料病人。
9. do up
1.) 修理
The room needs doing up.
这房子需要修缮。
2.) 使穿上
She was done up in her Sunday best.
她穿着节日盛装。
3.) 使精疲力尽
He was done up after the long trip.
长途旅行后他精疲力尽。
10. approve
vt.
1.) 赞成,同意;赞许
The professor does not approve the government's foreign policy.
那位教授不赞成政府的外交政策。
2.) 批准;认可
The meeting has now approved the plan.
会议已经批准了这项计划。
vi.
赞成;赞许 [(+of)]
I'm afraid your parents won't approve of your going there.
我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。
11. at length
1.) 最后,终于 at last
At length, we began to understand what she wanted.
最后,我们总算弄清楚她到底要什么。
2.) 详细地 in detail
He talked at length about his work.
他详细地谈了他的工作。
12. flash
vt.
1.) 使闪光;使闪烁[(+at)]
Why is that driver flashing his lights at me?
那个司机为何用灯照我?
2.) (向...)闪现出[(+at)]
I flashed a warning glance at them.
我向他们投去警告性的一瞥。
3.) (火速地)发出(电报,电讯等);使迅速传遍
The news was flashed around the world.
这一消息迅速传遍世界各地。
vi.
1.) 闪光,闪烁
The stars flashed in the night sky.
夜空中群星闪烁。
2.) (想法等)掠过,闪现
A thought flashed through my mind.
我脑子里闪过一个想法。
3. 飞驰,掠过
A car flashed by.
一辆汽车疾驰而过。
n.
闪烁,闪光[C]
There was a flash of lightning a moment ago.
刚才有一道闪电。
13. suspect
vt.
1.) 疑有,察觉
The tiger suspected danger and ran away.
老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。
2.) 怀疑,不信任
We suspected their honesty.
我们不相信他们是诚实的。
3.) 怀疑(某人犯有过错)[+of] [+(that)]
They suspect him of murder.
他们怀疑他杀了人。
The police suspected that Bill did it.
警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。
4.) 猜想;料想 [+(that)]
I suspect that they'll come.
我想他们会来的。
n.
嫌疑犯;可疑分子[C]
The police have several suspects.
警方有几名嫌疑犯。
adj.
可疑的;受到怀疑的;不可信的[(+of/to/with)]
His motives were suspect with others.
他的动机受到其他人的怀疑。
14. congratulate
vt.
1.) 祝贺;恭喜[(+on/upon)]
I congratulate you on your great discovery.
我祝贺你的伟大发现。
I want to congratulate you with all my heart.
我衷心地祝贺你。
2.) (后接oneself)自我庆幸[(+on)]
He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.
他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。
比较：congratulate sb. on/ upon sth.
celebrate sth.
15. finance
n.
1.) 财政;金融;财政学[U]
He got the position on the strength of his skill in finance.
他凭着自己的理财本领得到了这个职位。
Minster of Finance 财务部长 personal finance个人理财
2.) (对事业的)资金支援[U]
3.) 财源;资金;(国家的)岁入;财务情况[pl.]
The country's finances have improved.
这个国家财政状况改善了。
vt.
供资金给;融资,为...筹措资金
Who will finance the project?
谁为这项工程提供资金?
vi.
筹措资金
We are financing for the housing project.
我们在为住宅计划筹措资金。
financial adj. 财政的，金融的the financial condition财政状况
16. load
n.[C]
1.) 装载;担子
The load on that beam is more than it will bear.
那根梁上的载重超过了它所能承受的量。
2.) (精神方面的)负担;重任
The good news has taken a load off my mind.
听了这个好消息我就放心了。
3.) (车,船等的)装载量;一车(或一船等)货物
The truck was carrying a load of sand.
卡车装运一车沙子。
4.) 工作量
Measures have been taken to lighten the load of the hospital doctors.
业已采取措施减轻医院医生的负担。
vt.
1.) 装,装载[(+with)]
The workers are loading the ship with coal.
工人正把煤装上船。
2.) 把弹药装入(枪,炮);把胶卷装入(照相机)
Don't forget to load your camera.
别忘了给你的相机装胶卷。
3.) 使摆满;使充满;使长满 [(+with)]
The air was loaded with soot.
空气充满煤烟。
4.) 大量给予[(+with)]
His brothers and sisters loaded him with books.
他的哥哥姐姐送给他许多书。
vi.
1.) 装货[(+up)]
Have they finished loading up yet?
他们把货物装完了吗?
2.) 上子弹
The soldiers loaded and fired.
士兵们装上子弹便射击。
17. drop out
1.) 脱离
Luckily, I dropped out before the deal turned sour.
很幸运的,在交易变坏前我已退出了。
One of my teeth has dropped out.
我的一只牙齿掉了。
2.) 退出;退学
She dropped out of school to become a waitress.
她退学去当女招待。
18. expand
vt.
1.) 展开,张开(帆,翅等)
The eagle expanded its wings.
老鹰展开翅膀。
2.) 使膨胀;使扩张
3.) 扩大;扩充;发展
He is thinking of expanding his business.
他正考虑扩展他的生意。
4.) 详述
They have expanded my view on the question.
他们已更充分地阐明了我对这个问题的观点。
vi.
1.) 展开,张开
2.) 扩张;发展;增长
In ten years the city's population expanded by 12%.
十年之中,该城人口增加了百分之十二。
3.) 膨胀
Water expands when it freezes.
水结冰时体积膨胀。
A tire expands when you pump air into it.
轮胎打了气就会胀大。
4.) 详细说明[(+on/upon)]
19. distribute
vt.
1.) 分发;分配[(+to/among)]
They had distributed the lands among the peasants.
他们把土地分给农民。
2.) 散布,分布[(+over)]
This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country.
这种蝴蝶在我国分布很广。
3.) 分,分开[(+into)]
The teacher distributed the pupils into three groups.
老师把学生分成三组。
20. donate
vt.
捐献,捐赠[(+to)]
She donated her books to the library.
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
donate blood献血
vi.
捐献,捐赠[(+to/towards)]
My husband donates to that group every year.
我丈夫每年都捐钱给那个组织。
donation n.[(+to)]
1.) 捐献,捐赠[U][C]
She made a donation of $5,000 to the Children's Hospital.
她捐了五千美元给儿童医院。
2.) 捐款;捐赠物[C]
21. profession
n.
1.) (尤指受过良好教育或专门训练者,如律师、医生、教师的)职业，专业[C]
She intends to make teaching her profession.
她打算以教书为业。
2.) 同业,同行[sing.]
The teaching profession claim that they are badly paid.
教师同行们声称待遇太差。
He is a leading member of the medical profession.
他是医疗业中首屈一指的医生。
3.) 声明;表白[C][(+of)]
She did not believe in his professions of love.
她不相信他的爱情表白是真的。
比较：career
n.
1.) (终身的) 职业，事业[C]
He wasn't interested in her stage career.
他对她的演戏职业不感兴趣。
2.) 经历;生涯;历程[C]
He found it both interesting and instructive to learn about the careers of great men.
他觉得了解伟人的生平既很有趣又有教益。
比较：occupation
n.
1.) 工作,职业[C]
What is your father’s occupation?
你父亲的职业是什么？
2.) 消遣;日常事务[C][U]
He was bored for lack of occupation.
他因无所事事而感到厌烦。
3.) 占领,占据;占领时期[U]
The Japanese occupation of Taiwan lasted fifty-one years.
日本占领台湾达五十一年之久。
4.) 占用;居住;占用(或居住)期
No one is yet in occupation of the house.
这所房子还没有人住进去。
所以，在三个表示职业的词中，profession n.(尤指受过良好教育或专门训练者,如律师、医生、教师的)职业，专业，[C]；career n. (终身的)职业，事业[C]；occupation n.职业，工作 [C]，是一种泛指。
22. obtain
vt.
得到,获得
He failed to obtain a scholarship.
他没有获得奖学金。
They obtained a loan from the government.
他们从政府那里得到一笔贷款。
vi.
得到公认;通用;流行;存在
Those conditions no longer obtain.
那些情形已不存在。
The custom still obtains in some areas.
某些地区仍保留着这一习俗。
gain
vt.
1.) 得到; 获得, 赢得 (战争、诉讼等有用、需要之物)
Our army gained the battle.
我们的军队赢得了那场战役。
He gained possession of more land.
他拥有了更多的土地。
2.) 获得（利益、利润等）
I gained $3 by selling it for more than I paid for it.
我可以贱买贵卖获利3 美元。
3.) 增加,增添
I gained five pounds in a week.
我一个星期体重增加了五磅。
obtain 和gain两个词在表示“获得”时，有下面的区别：
To obtain means to get esp. by making some effort;
To gain means to get or obtain something useful, necessary, wanted, etc esp. over a length of time and as an addition to what one has
23. select
vt.
选择,挑选,选拔[(+for/from)]
He selected a team for the special task.
他为这项特殊任务挑选了一组人马。
Mr. Reed has been selected to represent us on the committee.
里德先生代表我们已被选入委员会。
vi.
做出选择,挑选
adj.
1.) 挑选出来的;精选的
A select group of their friends was invited to the wedding.
他们的经过挑选的一群朋友应邀参加婚礼。
2.) 上等的,优等的,卓越的
She only stays at select hotels.
她只住一流旅馆。
select/elect/ choose的区别
choose指在两个或多个中选择其一，可与from或between连用；select通常是指同类事物中选择最好或最合适的；elect 则指通过选举选出。
Will you help me choose myself a new coat?
请你帮我选一件新外套，好吗？
If you had to choose (between) staying here alone or going with me, what would you do?
是一个人呆在这里，还是同我一起去，如果你必须对此做出选择，你会怎么做呢？
He selected a pair of socks to match his suit.
他挑选了一双与他所穿的衣服相配的短袜。
They elected Nixon as President.
他们选举尼克松为总统。
choose和 elect 都有“决定”的意思，只是elect 比choose 正式，并常常指有关将来的重大的大决定。在结构上，choose 之后还可有that 引导的宾语从句。
He chose not to go home until later.
他决定晚些时再回家。
He chose that we should stay.
他决定说，我们得留下来。
He elected to be a doctor.
他决定将来当一名医生。
24. suit
n.
(一套)衣服[C]
I picked out a black suit.
我挑了一套黑色西装。
vt. suit
1.) 适合,中...的意
Would Friday morning suit you?
星期五早上对你合适吗?
The arrangement suited us both.
这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2.) (不用被动式) 与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully.
这件衣服你穿非常合适。
3.) 使合适; 使适应 [(+to)]
Her speech was well suited to the occasion.
她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。
vi.
1.) 合适,适当
Will that time suit?
这时间合适吗?
2.) 相称; 彼此协调 [(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.
这个职位与他的能力相称。
比较：fit作动词的用法
vt.
1.） (衣服)合...身;与...相称
This dress doesn't fit me.
这件衣服不适合我穿。
2.） 适合于;使适合 [(+for)]
Her training fits her for the job.
她所受的训练使她能胜任这项工作。
We must fit the action to the word.
我们必须言行一致。
3.） 安装
Can you fit the electric fire for me?
你能替我装上电炉吗?
vi.
1.） (衣服)合身;适合
Does this shirt fit?
这件衬衫合身吗?
2.） 符合;配合
基础知识
　SB3A Units13—16
一 . 知识菜单
( 一 ) 常用单词
1. reception considerate cigar splendid coincidence tension elegant prescription drawer theft religious enquiry assistance vital guilty convince assume cancel meanwhile remark innocent commit straightforward humorous ant bee transparent dot apparent sideways precise adequate clarify fetch upward disgusting psychology adaptation camel primitive missile session annual acknowledge elder eyesight beneficial communist eager timetable starve adjustment jeans uniform casual shopkeeper recent whereas possess barber typist receptionist greengrocer astronaut adore vacant outstanding assess salary flexible occupation instant nevertheless shortly drawback applicant accommodation addition qualification modest arithmetic paperwork draft
2. astonish/ astonished/ astonishing/ astonishment
3. stain vt./ n.
4. surrounding/ surround/ surrounded
5. troop vi./ n.
6. semicircle/ circle
7. maximum/ minimum
8. changeable/ change/ changing/ changed
9. breathless/ breath/ breathe
10. weekly/ daily/ monthly/ yearly
11. satisfaction/ satisfy/ satisfied/ satisfying/ satisfactory
12. worthwhile/ worth/ worthy
13. mature adj./ vt./ vi.
14. chef/ cook/cooker
15. accountant/ account
16. adviser/ advise/ advice
17. personnel/ person
常用词组
1. get hold of
2. tell…apart/ tell…between…and
3. over and over again/ again and again
4. come to light
5. as a matter of fact/ in fact/ actually
6. straight away
7. fit in(with)
8. due to/ thanks to / owing to/ because of
9. in many respects
10.keep/ get in touch with
11. up to date/ out of date
12. hold back
13. send off
( 二 ) 重点语法: Integrative language practice
二. 疑难点拨
1. astonish
vt.
使吃惊,使惊讶
We were astonished at the news of her sudden death.
她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。
He gave her an astonished look.
他惊异地看了她一眼。
比较：amaze
vt.
使大为惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹
I was amazed at/by your performance.
你的演出使我赞叹不已。
Your knowledge amazes me.
你的学识使我惊叹不已。
2. guilty
adj.
1.) 有罪的,犯...罪的[(+of)]
be guilty of a crime 犯了罪
He was found guilty.
他被判有罪。
2.) 有过失的[(+of)]
The manager was guilty of an important misjudgment.
经理犯了一个重大的判断错误。
3.) 自知有过错的,内疚的
I felt guilty after breaking my promise.
我违背诺言后感到内疚。
3. stain
vt.
1.) 沾污,污染[(+with)]
His teeth are stained with years of smoking.
他的牙齿因长年吸烟而变黄了。
Blood stained the blanket.
血沾污了毯子。
2.) 玷污,败坏
His crimes stained the family honor.
他的罪行玷污了家庭的名誉。
3.) 给(木材,玻璃等)染色,给...着色
She stained the table brown.
她将桌子涂成了棕色。
vi.
变脏;被沾污
His character is without stain.
他的人品纯洁无瑕。
These carpets won't stain easily.
这些地毯不易弄脏。
n.
污点,污迹,瑕疵[C]
He's got an ink stain on his shirt.
他衬衫上有块墨渍。
4. convince
vt.
使确信,使信服;说服[(+of)]
He convinced me of his innocence.
他使我相信他是无辜的。
I was convinced that he knew the truth.
我确信他知道事实。
5. cancel
vt.
1.) 删去,划掉;勾销,盖销(邮票等)
You should cancel this preposition in the sentence.
你应该删去句子中的这个介词。
2.) 取消,废除;中止
The game was cancelled because of the rain.
比赛因为下雨而取消了。
vi.
1.) 互相抵消
The $5 I owed him and the $5 he owes me cancel out.
他与我各欠对方五元,正好相互抵消。
2.) 取消;中止
n.[C]
删除;取消;撤销
6. meanwhile
n.
其时,其间[the sing.]
In the meanwhile I'll visit an old friend of mine.
在这期间我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。
adv.
其间;同时
Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house.
母亲去买东西;我打扫屋子。
7. innocent
adj.
1.) 无罪的,清白的[(+of)]
He was pronounced innocent of the charge.
他被宣告无罪。
2.) 无害的
The butterfly is an innocent insect.
蝴蝶是一种无害的昆虫。
3.) 天真的,单纯的;幼稚的;头脑简单的,愚钝的
Don't be so innocent as to believe everything he says.
不要这么天真,竟相信他所说的一切。
8. commit
vt.
1.) 犯(罪),做(错事等)
I committed an error in handling the business.
我在处理这一业务时犯了一个错误。
2.) 使承担义务;使作出保证;使表态[(+to)]
He didn't commit himself to anything.
他没有作任何承诺。
3.) 把...交托给;把...提交给;把...付诸[(+to)]
The child was committed to the nurse's care.
孩子被交给护士照顾。
4.) 把...押交;把...判处[(+to)]
The judge committed him to ten years' imprisonment.
法官判处他十年徒刑。
9. get hold of
抓住，找到
How soon can you get hold of that young man?
你多快可以找到那个年轻人？
类似的词组：catch/ seize hold of抓住 lay hold of/on = take hold of握住，控制住
10. tell…apart
分辨
Can you tell the twin sisters apart?
你分得清这两个孪生姐妹吗?
11. surrounding
n.
环境;周围的事物[pl.]
He didn't pay much attention to his surroundings.
他没有多注意他周围的环境。
adj.
周围的;附近的
Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
狐狸开始从附近的乡下跑进来。
12. troop
n.[C]
1.) 军队,部队[pl.]
The enemy troops withdrew.
敌军撤退了。
2.) 一群;大量,许多[(+of)]
The old man was surrounded by a troop of children.
老人被一群孩子围住了。
A troop of children rushed in and chased each other noisily.
一群小孩冲进来,喧闹地彼此追逐。
vi.
1.) 群集,集合[(+up/together)]
2.) 成群结队地走
They all trooped into the meeting.
他们都成群结队前去参加会议。
13. come to light
暴露,真相大白
The puzzled thing came to light when the politician was seen with the lady.
当有人看到那位政客跟那位女士在一起时, 那件让人不解的事就真相大白了。
A political scandal has recently come to light.
最近一桩政治丑闻暴露出来。
14. fetch（双向）
vt.
1.) (去)拿来;去拿...给
Fetch your supper yourself, Robert.
罗伯特,你自己去拿晚餐吧。
2.) 去请...来,接...去
Yes, I've come to fetch you.
是的,我来接你。
比较：carry, bring和take
carry（没有方向）
vt.
1.) (用手、肩等)挑,抱,背,提,扛,搬,运送,运载;搬运
David went in, carrying his suitcase.
戴维提着手提箱走了进去。
We carried the boxes into the room.
我们将箱子搬进室内。
The city subways carry hundreds of thousands of passengers a day.
市内的地铁每天运载数十万乘客。
2.) 携带,佩带
I never carry much money with me.
我身上从来不带太多的钱。
bring (从别的地方把人或物带到说话人说在的地方)
vt.
带来,拿来
The waitress brought us a pitcher of lemonade.
服务员小姐给我们送来一壶柠檬水。
Please don't forget to bring your grammar books next time.
下次请别忘记带你们的语法书来。
take (与bring方向相反)
vt.
1.) 拿走,取走;夺取,占领
Don’t forget to take your bag with you.
别忘了把你的书包随身带走。
The airport had been taken by daybreak.
天亮前机场就被攻占了。
2.) 带去;带领
Dad took us to the museum last Friday.
上星期五爸爸带我们去博物馆。
15. changeable
adj.
1.) 易变的;不定的
His temper's been changeable this week, so don't annoy him.
这星期他脾气变化无常,所以不要惹他生气。
2.) 可改变的,可能被改变的
3.) 闪光的;闪色的
changeable silk
闪光丝绸
-able 常附在动词或名词的后面构成形容词，表示“可…..的”，“能……的”。以able 为后缀的单词常见的还有：eatable, suitable, bearable, saleable, washable, loveable, debatable, breakable
16. weekly/ daily/ monthly/ yearly既是形容词又是副词，还可以是名词。
大多数以结尾的词是副词，但部分是形容词，主要有：
brotherly, sisterly, motherly, manly, womanly, kingly, queenly，lonely, lovely, unseemly, friendly kindly, gentlemanly
17. satisfaction
n.
1.) 满意,满足;称心[U][(+with/at)]
He smiled in satisfaction when he won the race.
他赢得赛跑后满意地笑了。
2.) 快事,乐事;愉快[C][sing.]
Playing tennis is one of his greatest satisfactions.
打网球是他最大的乐趣之一。
比较：satisfactory / satisfied (adj.)
satisfactory差强人意的;符合要求的;良好的 （指对事物的满意状态，不用来指人）
Of all the pens he tried, only one was satisfactory.
在他所试的笔中,只有一支是令人满意的。
Your son’s work is satisfactory, but he could do better.
你儿子的工作做得不错，但他还能作得更好。
satisfied感到满意的; 令人满意的; 满足的
He had a satisfied expression on his face.
他脸上露出满意的神情。
Most of the people were completely satisfied with the result.
大多数人对结果都非常满意。
18. eager
adj.
1.) 热心的,热切的
He looked around the circle of eager faces.
他看了看四周热切的脸庞。
2.) 渴望的,急切的 [(+for)][+to-v][+(that)]
She is eager for success.
她渴望成功。
Maggie was eager to visit me.
麦琪急于来看我。
The committee is eager that all the workers should come on time.
委员们热切希望所有的工人按时上班。
比较：anxious
adj.
1.) 焦虑的,挂念的[(+about/at/for)]
I'm anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
2. )令人焦虑的
The week of the flood was an anxious time for all of us.
闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
3.) 渴望的 [(+for)][+to-v][+that]
We're anxious for your safe return.
我们盼望你平安归来。
We were anxious that there be no misunderstanding.
我们极愿没有误解。
I could see that she was anxious for Laura to go.
我看得出她巴望劳拉去。
I'm really anxious to see him.
我急于见他。
19. worthwhile
adj.
1.) 值得花费时间(或金钱)的,值得做的
It proved worthwhile to make the trip.
此行证明是值得的。
2.) 有真实价值的
You'd better spend your time on some worthwhile reading.
你最好把时间花在读一些有价值的书上。
比较：worth 和worthy
worth可以用作名词和介词。作名词时，为不可数名词，表示“价值”或“（值某价额的）数量”。
Give me five yuan’s worth of twenty-fen and fifty-fen stamps.
给我五元的两角和五角的邮票。
He bought two dollars’ worth of sugar.
他买了二元钱的糖。
The furniture is of little worth.
这些家具没有什么价值。
worth 作介词时，只能用作表语，与be 连用，其后常跟钱数或相当于钱数的词，表示 “值多少钱”；跟v-ing 形式表示“值得（做）……主动形式表被动。
It is worth much more than I paid for it.
它的价值远远超过我所付的钱。
She’s not worth getting angry with. = It is not worth getting angry with her. （It作形式主语）
犯不上跟她生气。
The picture is worth looking at. = It is worth looking at the picture. （It作形式主语）
这幅画值得一看。
worth 前面的表示程度的修饰语一般用well ，不用very。
The story is well worth listening to.
这故事很值得一听。
worthy
adj.
1.) 有价值的;可尊敬的;相称的
She is willing to donate money to a worthy cause.
她愿为高尚的事业捐款。
2.) 值得的,配得上的,足以...的 [(+of + n. )][+to-v] [(+of + being done)]
The cause is worthy of our continued support.
这一事业值得我们继续不断的支持。
She is worthy to receive such honor. (主动形式)
她应该得到此荣誉。
She is worthy to be chosen. (被动形式)
她值得当选。
This novel is worthy of being translated.
这部小说值得翻译。
worth和 worthy 在表示“值得”这一意思时，其句型结构可以互相转换。
You are worth praising.
You are worthy of praise.
You are worthy to be praised.
You are worthy of being praised.
你值得表扬。
20. starve
vi.
1.) 饿死;挨饿
The explorers starved to death in the desert.
探险者们在沙漠中饿死了。
2.) 【口】饿得慌
Let's get something to eat; I'm starving.
我们吃点东西吧;我饿坏了。
3.) 渴望;极需要[(+for)]
The plants are starving for water.
这些植物极需要水。
21. fit in (with)
1.） 适合
fit in with the need of…适合……的需要
2.） 与...一致;使与...一致
fit in with other employees与其他雇员配合
22. mature
adj.
1.) 成熟的;酿熟的;成年人的
This is the most mature of his plays.
这是他最成熟的一部剧作。
She has the figure of a mature woman.
她有成年女性的体型。
2.) 稳重的;慎重的,周到的
Can't you behave in a mature way?
你的举止不能稳重一点吗?
vi.
变成熟;长成;酿成
Wine and judgement mature with age.
酒陈味香,人老识深。
vt.
1.) 使成熟;使长成
Her responsibilities matured her at an early age.
她肩负的责任使她早熟。
2.) 慎重作出;使完善
He matured his plans for the long trip.
他为这次长途旅行仔细地作了计划。
23. casual
adj.
1.) 偶然的,碰巧的
My car had stalled and I sought help from casual passers-by.
我的车发动不起来了,我就向碰巧路过的人求助。
2.) 随便的,漫不经心的
He tried to appear casual.
他试图显得随便一点。
3.) 临时的,不定期的
He worked as a casual laborer and did not earn much.
他当临时工,没有赚多少钱。
24. adore
vt
1.) 崇拜,崇敬;敬重
People adore him for his noble character.
人们因他人格高贵而敬重他。
2.) 爱慕,热爱
We adore our sisters and brothers.
我们爱自己的兄弟姐妹。
3.) 【口】极喜欢[+v-ing]
She adores going to the theater.
她就是爱看戏。
I adore chocolate.
我非常喜欢巧克力。
25. personnel
n.[G]
1. )(总称)人员,员工
All personnel of the company are eligible for the retirement plan.
公司所有员工都有资格参加这项退休计划。
2. )人事部门; 人事科(或室等)[U]
Please contact the personnel director for benefit information.
有关福利方面的情况请与人事课长联系。
26. send off
寄出；发出；派遣；解雇；给……送行
You fill in both parts of the form, then send it off.
你把表格的两部分都填好,然后寄出。
和send 有关的常见词组：send away 发送掉；解雇 send back 退还，送还
send for 派人去请；召唤 send forth发出；放出（光、热等）
send out 发送出，派遣；放出，散发出 send up发射；长出
send的用法：
1) send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb.把某物送给或寄给某人，可以主语派人送，也可以亲自送
Did they send any message by you?
他们托你给我捎了什么信儿了吗？
Can you send me the bill before the end of the month?
你能在月底以前把帐单给我送来吗？
2) send for sb./ sth. 派人去叫某人，派人去拿某物
Now please send for a taxi.
现在请派人叫出租车来。
Please keep these things until I send for them.
请替我保管这些东西，等我派人来取。
3) send sb./ sth. to运输某人/某物去（某处），派某人去某地
They send their product to Beijing for sale.
他们把产品运往北京销售。
We will send him to America for further study.
我们要送他去美国深造。
4) send sb. to do 派某人去做（某事）
We’ll send someone to fetch it.
我们将派人去取。
They will send him to work in the countryside.
他们将派他去农村工作。
5) send sb. doing 使某人做某事(cause sb. to do)
Mind how you go---- you nearly sent me flying.
小心点，你差点把我撞倒。
They killed 38 enemies and sent the rest fleeing.
他们打死38个敌人，其余的都逃窜了。
责任编辑：李芳芳

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