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ÔÚ½é´Êbut£¬except ºó£¬ÓÐʱ¿ÉÓÃÖ÷¸ñ´úÌæ±ö¸ñ¡£ ¡¡ b. Ôڵ绰ÓÃÓïÖг£ÓÃÖ÷¸ñ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ---- I wish to speak to Mary. --ÎÒÏëºÍÂêÀöͨ»°¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ---- This is she.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ --ÎÒ¾ÍÊÇÂêÀö¡£ ¡¡×¢Ò⣺ÔÚ¶¯´Êbe »òto be ºóµÄÈ˳ƴú´ÊÊÓÆäÇ°ÃæµÄÃû´Ê»ò´ú´Ê¶ø¶¨¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ I thought it was she.¡¡¡¡ ÎÒÒÔΪÊÇËý¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(Ö÷¸ñ----Ö÷¸ñ) ¡¡¡¡¡¡ I thought it to be her.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(±ö¸ñ----±ö¸ñ) ¡¡¡¡¡¡ I was taken to be she.¡¡¡¡ÎÒ±»µ±³ÉÁËËý¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(Ö÷¸ñ----Ö÷¸ñ) They took me to be her.¡¡ËûÃÇ°ÑÎÒµ±³ÉÁËËý¡£¡¡¡¡ (±ö¸ñ----±ö¸ñ) ´ú´ÊµÄÖ¸´úÎÊÌâ 1£©²»¶¨´ú´Ê anybody£¬everybody£¬nobody£¬anyone£¬ someone£¬ everyone£¬no one£¬ ¼°whoeverºÍpersonÔÚÕýʽ³¡ºÏʹÓÃʱ£¬¿ÉÓÃhe, his, him´úÌæ¡£ ¡¡¡¡ Nobody came, did he?¡¡ËҲûÀ´£¬ÊÇÂð? ¡¡2£©¶¯ÎïÃû´ÊµÄÖ¸´úÒ»°ãÓÃit»òthey´úÌ棬ÓÐʱҲÓÃhe, she£¬´øÓÐÇ×ÇеĸÐÇéÉ«²Ê¡£ ¡¡¡¡ Give the cat some food. She is hungry.¡¡¸øÕâèһЩ³ÔµÄ¡£Ëý¶öÁË¡£ ¡¡3£©Ö¸´ú³µ»ò¹ú¼Ò£¬´¬²°µÄÃû´Ê£¬º¬¸ÐÇéÉ«²Êʱ³£ÓÃshe¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ²¢ÁÐÈ˳ƴú´ÊµÄÅÅÁÐ˳Ðò 1) µ¥ÊýÈ˳ƴú´Ê²¢ÁÐ×÷Ö÷Óïʱ£¬Æä˳ÐòΪ£º ¡¡¡¡¡¡ µÚ¶þÈË³Æ £> µÚÈýÈË³Æ £> µÚÒ»ÈË³Æ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡you £> he/she;¡¡it -> I ¡¡¡¡¡¡ You, he and I should return on time. ¡¡2) ¸´ÊýÈ˳ƴú´Ê×÷Ö÷Óïʱ£¬Æä˳ÐòΪ£º ¡¡¡¡¡¡ µÚÒ»ÈË³Æ £> µÚ¶þÈË³Æ £> µÚÈýÈË³Æ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡£>¡¡you¡¡¡¡ £>¡¡They ×¢Ò⣺ ÔÚÏÂÁÐÇé¿öÖУ¬µÚÒ»È˳ƷÅÔÚÇ°Ãæ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡a. ÔÚ³ÐÈÏ´íÎ󣬳е£ÔðÈÎʱ£¬ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ It was I and John that made her angry. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÊÇÎÒºÍÔ¼º²ÈÇËýÉúÆøÁË¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡b. ÔÚ³¤±²¶ÔÍí±²£¬³¤¹Ù¶ÔÏÂÊô˵»°Ê±£¬È糤¹ÙΪµÚÒ»È˳ƣ¬ È磺I and you try to finish it. ¡¡¡¡¡¡c. ²¢ÁÐÖ÷ÓïÖ»ÓеÚÒ»È˳ƺ͵ÚÈýÈ˳Æʱ£¬ d. µ±ÆäËûÈ˳ƴú´Ê»òÃû´Ê±»¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎʱ¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê 1£©ÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê¼ÈÓбíʾËùÊôµÄ×÷ÓÃÓÖÓÐÖ¸´ú×÷Óã¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡ John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk. ¡¡ Ô¼º²¸îÆÆÁËÊÖÖ¸£¬ÏÔ¶øÒ×¼û£¬Ëû×À×ÓÉÏÓиöÆƲ£Á§±¡£ ¡¡ ÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊÓÐÐÎÈÝ´ÊÐÔ£¨my, yourµÈ£©ºÍÃû´ÊÐÔ£¨mine, yoursµÈ£©Á½ÖÖ£¬ÐÎÈÝ´ÊÐÔµÄÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊÊôÓÚÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£ ¡¡ Ãû´ÊÐÔµÄÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊÔÚÓ÷¨ÉÏÏ൱ÓÚÊ¡ÂÔÁËÖÐÐÄÃû´ÊµÄ¡¡--'sÊô¸ñ½á¹¹£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡Jack's cap¡¡ ÒâΪ¡¡¡¡ The cap is Jack's. ¡¡¡¡¡¡His cap¡¡¡¡ ÒâΪ¡¡¡¡ The cap is his. ¡¡2) Ãû´ÊÐÔÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊµÄ¾ä·¨¹¦ÄÜ ¡¡¡¡a. ×÷Ö÷ÓÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡May I use your pen? Yours works better. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÒ»ÓÃÄãµÄ¸Ö±ÊÂ𣿠ÄãµÄ±ÈÎҵĺÃÓᣠ¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡b. ×÷±öÓÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡I love my motherland as much as you love yours. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ÎÒ°®ÎÒµÄ×æ¹ú¾ÍÏñÄã°®ÄãµÄ×æ¹úÒ»ÑùÉî¡£ ¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡c. ×÷½é´Ê±öÓÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ÄãÓ¦µ±°´ÎÒËùÓõĴÊÒåÈ¥½âÊÍÎÒ˵µÄ»°£¬¶ø²»ÄÜ°´Äã×Ô¼ºµÄÒâÒåÈ¥½âÊÍ¡£ ¡¡¡¡d. ×÷Ö÷Óï²¹ÓÀýÈ磺 The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours.¡¡ÎÒµÄÉúÃüÊôÓÚÄ㣬ÊôÓÚÄ㣬ÊôÓÚÄã¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Ë«ÖØËùÓиñ ÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê²»¿ÉÓë a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, whichµÈ´ÊÒ»ÆðÇ°Öã¬ÐÞÊÎÒ»¸öÃû´Ê£¬¶ø±ØÐëÓÃË«ÖØËùÓиñ¡£ ¡¡¹«Ê½Îª£º ¡¡ a, an, this, that +Ãû´Ê+of +Ãû´ÊÐÔÎïÖ÷´ú´Ê¡£È磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡ a friend of mine. each brother of his. ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ·´Éí´ú´Ê 1£© Áбí I you you she he myself yourself yourselves herself himself we they it one ourselves themselves itself oneself ¡¡2£©×ö±öÓï ¡¡ a. ÓÐЩ¶¯´ÊÐèÓз´Éí´ú´Ê ¡¡¡¡ absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave ¡¡¡¡ We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.¡¡ÎÒÃÇ×òÍíÍæµÃºÜ¿ªÐÄ¡£ ¡¡¡¡ Please help yourself to some fish.¡¡ ÇëÄãËæ±ã³ÔµãÓã¡£ ¡¡ b. ÓÃÓÚ¼°Îﶯ´Ê+±öÓï+½é´Ê ¡¡¡¡ take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth. ¡¡¡¡ I could not dress (myself) up at that time.¡¡ÄǸöʱºòÎÒ²»ÄÜ´ò°çÎÒ×Ô¼º¡£ ¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡×¢£ºÓÐЩ¶¯´Êºó²»¸ú·´Éí´ú´Ê£¬ get up, sit-down, stand up, wake upµÈ¡£ ¡¡¡¡Please sit down.¡¡Çë×ø¡£ ¡¡3£© ×÷±íÓ ͬλÓï ¡¡¡¡¡¡be oneself: I am not myself today.¡¡ ÎÒ½ñÌì²»Êæ·þ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡The thing itself is not important.¡¡¡¡ÊÂÇé±¾Éí²¢²»ÖØÒª¡£ ¡¡ ¡¡4£© ÔÚ²»Ç¿µ÷µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬but, except, for µÈ½é´Êºó±öÓïÓ÷´Éí´ú´Ê»òÈ˳ƴú´Ê±ö¸ñ¾ù¿É¡£È磺 No one but myself (me) is hurt. ×¢Ò⣺ ¡¡¡¡a. ·´Éí´ú´Ê±¾Éí²»Äܵ¥¶À×÷Ö÷Óï¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡(´í) Myself drove the car. ¡¡¡¡b. µ«ÔÚand, or, norÁ¬½ÓµÄ²¢ÁÐÖ÷ÓïÖУ¬µÚ¶þ¸öÖ÷Óï¿ÉÓ÷´Éí´ú´Ê£¬ÌرðÊÇmyself ×÷Ö÷Óï¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡Charles and myself saw it. ¡¡5£©µÚ¶þÈ˳Æ×÷±öÓҪÓ÷´Éí´ú´Ê¡£ You should be proud of yourself.¡¡ÄãӦΪ×Ô¼º¸Ðµ½½¾°Á¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Ï໥´ú´Ê 1£©Ï໥´ú´ÊÖ»ÓÐeach otherºÍone anotherÁ½¸ö´Ê×é¡£ËûÃDZíʾ¾äÖж¯´ÊËùÐðÊöµÄ¶¯×÷»ò¸Ð¾õÔÚÉæ¼°µÄ¸÷¸ö¶ÔÏóÖ®¼äÊÇÏ໥´æÔڵģ¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other. ¡¡¡¡ÏÔ¶øÒ×¼û£¬²»Í¬ÎÄ»¯µÄÈË×ÜÊÇÏ໥½è¼øµÄ¡£ ¡¡2£© Ï໥´ú´ÊµÄ¾ä·¨¹¦ÄÜ£º ¡¡¡¡a. ×÷¶¯´Ê±öÓ ¡¡¡¡¡¡People should love one another. ÈËÃÇÓ¦µ±±Ë´ËÏà°®¡£ ¡¡¡¡b. ¿É×÷½é´Ê±öÓ ¡¡¡¡¡¡Does bark, cocks crow, frogs croak to each other.¡¡ ·Í¡¢¼¦Ãù¡¢Íܶù¶Ô³ª¡£ ¡¡ËµÃ÷£º´«Í³Óï·¨ÈÏΪ£¬Ï໥¹Øϵ´æÔÚÓÚÁ½¸öÈË»òÎïÖ®¼äÓÃeach other£¬ ´æÔÚÓÚÁ½¸öÒÔÉÏÈ˺ÍÎïÖ®¼äÓÃone another¡£ÏÖ´úÓ¢ÓïÖУ¬Á½×é´Ê½»ÌæʹÓõÄʵÀýÒ²ºÜ¶à£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡He put all the books beside each other. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ëû°ÑËùÓÐÊé²¢ÁаڷÅÆðÀ´¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡He put all the books beside one another. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ëû°ÑËùÓÐÊé²¢ÁаڷÅÆðÀ´¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡Usually these small groups were independent of each other. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâЩСÍÅÌåͨ³£ÊÇÏ໥¶ÀÁ¢µÄ¡£ ¡¡¡¡c. Ï໥´ú´Ê¿É¼Ó-'s¹¹³ÉËùÓиñ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡ The students borrowed each other's notes. ѧÉúÃÇ»¥½è±Ê¼Ç¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ָʾ´ú´Ê 1£© ָʾ´ú´Ê·Öµ¥Êý£¨this / that£©ºÍ¸´Êý£¨these / those£©Á½ÖÖÐÎʽ£¬¼È¿É×÷ÏÞ¶¨´ÊÓÖ¿É×ö´ú´Ê£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡µ¥Êý¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¸´Êý ÏÞ¶¨´Ê£ºThis girl is Mary.¡¡¡¡Those men are my ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡teachers. ´ú´Ê£º¡¡This is Mary.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ Those are my ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡teachers. ¡¡2) ָʾ´ú´ÊµÄ¾ä·¨¹¦ÄÜ£» ¡¡¡¡a. ×÷Ö÷Óï ¡¡¡¡¡¡ This is the way to do it. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ Õâʶù¾Í¸ÃÕâÑù×ö¡£ ¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡ b. ×÷±öÓï ¡¡¡¡¡¡ I like this better than that. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÎÒϲ»¶Õâ¸öÉõÖÁÄǸö¡£ ¡¡¡¡ c. ×÷Ö÷Óï²¹Óï ¡¡¡¡¡¡ My point is this. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÎҵĹ۵ã¾ÍÊÇÈç´Ë¡£ ¡¡¡¡ d. ×÷½é´Ê±öÓï ¡¡¡¡¡¡ I don't say no to that. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÎÒ²¢Î´¾Ü¾øÄǸö¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ There is no fear of that. ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÄDz¢²»¿ÉÅ¡£ ¡¡ËµÃ÷1£º ¡¡¡¡Ö¸Ê¾´ú´ÊÔÚ×÷Ö÷Óïʱ¿ÉÖ¸ÎïÒ²¿ÉÖ¸ÈË£¬µ«×÷ÆäËû¾ä×ӳɷÖʱֻÄÜÖ¸Î²»ÄÜÖ¸ÈË£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡(¶Ô)That is my teacher.¡¡ÄÇÊÇÎÒµÄÀÏʦ¡££¨ that×÷Ö÷ÓָÈË£© ¡¡(¶Ô)He is going to marry this girl.¡¡ËûÒªºÍÕâ¸ö¹ÃÄï½á»é¡££¨this×÷ÏÞ¶¨´Ê£© ¡¡(´í)He is going to marry this.¡¡£¨this×÷±öÓïʱ²»ÄÜÖ¸ÈË£© ¡¡(¶Ô)I bought this.¡¡ÎÒÂòÕâ¸ö¡£(thisÖ¸Î¿É×÷±öÓï) ¡¡ËµÃ÷2£º ¡¡¡¡ThatºÍthose¿É×÷¶¨Óï´Ó¾äµÄÏÈÐдʣ¬µ«thisºÍ these²»ÄÜ£¬Í¬Ê±£¬ÔÚ×÷ÏÈÐдÊʱ£¬Ö»ÓÐthose¿ÉÖ¸ÈË£¬ÊԱȽϣº ¡¡(¶Ô) He admired that which looked beautiful.¡¡ËûÔÞÉÍÍâ±íƯÁÁµÄ¶«Î÷¡£ ¡¡(¶Ô) He admired those who looked beautiful. ËûÔÞÉÍÄÇЩÍâ±íƯÁÁµÄÈË¡££¨thoseÖ¸ÈË£© ¡¡(´í) He admired that who danced well.¡¡£¨that×÷±öÓïʱ²»ÄÜÖ¸ÈË£© ¡¡(¶Ô) He admired those who danced well.¡¡ËûÔÞÉÍÌøÎèºÃµÄÈË¡££¨thoseÖ¸ÈË£© ¡¡(¶Ô) He admired those which looked beautiful. ËûÔÞÉÍÄÇЩÍâ±íƯÁÁµÄ¶«Î÷¡££¨thoseÖ¸Î ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÒÉÎÊ´ú´Ê 1£© ÒÉÎÊ´ú´ÊÔÚ¾äÖÐÆðÃû´Ê´Ê×éµÄ×÷Óã¬ÓÃÀ´¹¹³ÉÒÉÎʾ䡣ÒÉÎÊ´ú´ÊÓÐÏÂÁм¸¸ö£º ¡¡¡¡Ö¸¡¡ÈË£º who, whom, whose ¡¡¡¡Ö¸¡¡Î what ¡¡¡¡¼È¿ÉÖ¸ÈËÓÖ¿ÉÖ¸Î which ¡¡2£© ÒÉÎÊ´ú´ÊÔÚ¾äÖÐӦλÓÚνÓﶯ´Ê֮ǰ£¬Ã»ÓÐÐÔºÍÊýµÄ±ä»¯£¬³ýwhoÖ®ÍâҲûÓиñµÄ±ä»¯¡£what, which, whose»¹¿É×÷ÏÞ¶¨´Ê¡£ÊԱȽϣº ¡¡ÒÉÎÊ´ú´Ê£ºWhose are these books on the desk?¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡×ÀÉϵÄÊéÊÇ˵ģ¿ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÃÀ¹úµÄÁìÍÁÀ©ÕÅÊdz¯Äĸö·½ÏòµÄ£¿ ¡¡ÏÞ¶¨´Ê£º¡¡Whose books are these on the desk? ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡×ÀÉϵÄÊéÊÇ˵ģ¿ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?¡¡ ÄÄЩʼþʹÃÜÎ÷Î÷±ÈºÓÒÔ¶«µÄ´ó²¿·ÖÍÁµØ¹éÊôÓÚÃÀ¹ú£¿ ¡¡ËµÃ÷1£º ¡¡¡¡ ÎÞÂÛÊÇ×öÒÉÎÊ´ú´Ê»¹ÊÇÏÞ¶¨´Ê£¬which ºÍ what ËùÖ¸µÄ·¶Î§²»Í¬¡£whatËùÖ¸µÄ·¶Î§ÊÇÎÞÏ޵ģ¬¶øwhichÔòÖ¸ÔÚÒ»¶¨µÄ·¶Î§ÄÚ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ Which girls do you like best? ¡¡¡¡ Äãϲ»¶Äļ¸¸ö¹ÃÄ ¡¡ What girls do you like best? ¡¡¡¡ Äãϲ»¶Ê²Ã´ÑùµÄ¹ÃÄ ¡¡ËµÃ÷2£º ¡¡¡¡¡¡WhomÊÇwhoµÄ±ö¸ñ£¬ÔÚÊéÃæÓïÖУ¬Ëü×÷¶¯´Ê±öÓï»ò½é´Ê±öÓÔÚ¿ÚÓïÖÐ×÷±öÓïʱ£¬¿ÉÓÃwho´úÌ棬µ«ÔÚ½é´ÊºóÖ»ÄÜÓÃwhom, ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡Who(m) did you meet on the street? ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÄãÔÚ½ÖÉÏÓöµ½ÁËË£¿£¨×÷¶¯´Ê±öÓ ¡¡¡¡Who(m) are you taking the book to? ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÄãÒª°ÑÕâÊé´ø¸øË£¿£¨×÷½é´Ê±öÓÖþäÊ×£© ¡¡¡¡To whom did you speak on the campus? ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÄãÔÚУ԰ÀïºÍ˽²»°ÁË£¿£¨×÷½é´Ê±öÓÖýé´Ê ºó£¬²»ÄÜÓÃwhoÈ¡´ú¡££© ¡¡ËµÃ÷3£º ¡¡¡¡¡¡ÒÉÎÊ´ú´ÊÓÃÓÚ¶Ô½é´Ê±öÓïÌáÎÊʱ£¬¹ýÈ¥µÄÎÄÌåÖнé´ÊºÍÒÉÎÊ´ú´Êͨ³£Ò»Æð·ÅÔÚ¾äÊ×£¬ÏÖ´úÓ¢ÓïÖУ¬ÒÉÎÊ´ú´ÊÔÚ¾äÊ×£¬½é´ÊÔÚ¾ä䣬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡For what do most people live and work? ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ´ó²¿·ÖÈËÉú»îºÍ¹¤×÷µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇʲô£¿£¨¾ÉÎÄÌ壩 ¡¡What are you looking for? ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ÄãÔÚÕÒʲô£¿£¨ÏÖ´úÓ¢Ó ¡¡ËµÃ÷4£º ¡¡¡¡¡¡ÒÉÎÊ´ú´Ê»¹¿ÉÒýµ¼Ãû´ÊÐԴӾ䣬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡I can't make out what he is driving at. ¡¡¡¡ÎÒ²»ÖªµÀËûÓÃÒâºÎÔÚ¡£ ¡¡Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?¡¡ ¡¡¡¡ÄãÄܸæËßÎÒ´²ÉϵÄÀ¶³ÄÒÂÊÇ˵ÄÂ𣿠¡¡Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you. 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(a) few + ¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê, (a) little + ²»¿ÉÊýÃû´Ê ¡¡a few / a little Ϊ¿Ï¶¨º¬Ò壬»¹ÓÐÒ»µã ¡¡few / little¡¡Îª·ñ¶¨º¬Ò壬ûÓжàÉÙÁË¡£ ¡¡He has a few friends.¡¡¡¡¡¡ËûÓм¸¸öÅóÓÑ¡£ ¡¡He has few friends.¡¡¡¡¡¡ Ëû¼¸ºõûÓÐÅóÓÑ¡£ ¡¡We still have a little time. ÎÒÃÇ»¹Óеãʱ¼ä¡£ ¡¡There is little time left.¼¸ºõûʣÏÂʲôʱ¼äÁË¡£ µäÐÍÀýÌâ: ¡¡ Although he 's wealthy£¬he spends___ on clothes. ¡¡ A. little¡¡ B. few¡¡C. a little¡¡ D. a few ¡¡ ´ð°¸£º A. spendËùÖ¸µÄÊÇÇ®£¬²»¿ÉÊý£¬Ö»ÄÜÓÃlittle»ò a little. ±¾¾äΪalthoughÒýµ¼µÄÈò½×´Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÓɾäÒâÖªºó¾äΪ·ñ¶¨º¬Ò壬Òò´ËÓ¦ÓÃlittle±íʾ¼¸ºõ²»¡£ ¹Ì¶¨´îÅä: ¡¡¡¡only a few (=few)¡¡ not a few (=many)¡¡ quite a few (=many) ¡¡¡¡many a (=many) ¡¡¡¡Many books were sold. ¡¡¡¡Many a book was sold. ¡¡¡¡ Âô³öÁËÐí¶àÊé¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÖÐѧÓï·¨´óÈ« µ¹×° Ŀ¼ µ¹×°¾ä֮ȫ²¿µ¹×° 17 µ¹×°¾äÖ®²¿·Öµ¹×° 17 ÒÔ·ñ¶¨´Ê¿ªÍ·×÷²¿·Öµ¹×° 18 so, either, nor×÷²¿·Öµ¹×° 18 onlyÔÚ¾äÊ×Òªµ¹×°µÄÇé¿ö 19 as, thoughÒýµ¼µÄµ¹×°¾ä 19 ÆäËû²¿·Öµ¹×° 19 µ¹×°¾ä֮ȫ²¿µ¹×° È«²¿µ¹×°ÊÇÖ»½«¾ä×ÓÖеÄνÓﶯ´ÊÈ«²¿ÖÃÓÚÖ÷Óï֮ǰ¡£´Ë½á¹¹Í¨³£Ö»ÓÃÓëÒ»°ãÏÖÔÚʱºÍ¡¡Ò»°ã¹ýȥʱ¡£³£¼ûµÄ½á¹¹ÓУº ¡¡1) here, there, now, then, thusµÈ¸±´ÊÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×, νÓﶯ´Ê³£ÓÃbe, come, go, lie, run¡£ ¡¡ There goes the bell. ¡¡ Then came the chairman. ¡¡ Here is your letter. ¡¡2) ±íʾÔ˶¯·½ÏòµÄ¸±´Ê»òµØµã×´ÓïÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×£¬Î½Óï±íʾÔ˶¯µÄ¶¯´Ê¡£ ¡¡¡¡Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. ¡¡¡¡Ahead sat an old woman. ¡¡×¢Ò⣺ÉÏÊöÈ«²¿µ¹×°µÄ¾äÐͽṹµÄÖ÷Óï±ØÐëÊÇÃû´Ê£¬Èç¹ûÖ÷ÓïÊÇÈ˳ƴú´ÊÔò²»ÄÜÍêÈ«µ¹×°¡£ ¡¡¡¡ Here he comes.¡¡¡¡ Away they went. ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ µ¹×°¾äÖ®²¿·Öµ¹×° ²¿·Öµ¹×°ÊÇÖ¸½«Î½ÓïµÄÒ»²¿·ÖÈçÖú¶¯´Ê»òÇé̬µ¹×°ÖÁÖ÷Óï֮ǰ¡£Èç¹û¾äÖеÄνÓïûÓÐÖú¶¯´Ê»òÇé̬¶¯´Ê£¬ÔòÐèÌí¼ÓÖú¶¯´Êdo, does»òdid£¬²¢½«ÆäÖÃÓÚÖ÷Óï֮ǰ¡£ ¡¡1)¡¡¾äÊ×Ϊ·ñ¶¨»ò°ë·ñ¶¨µÄ´ÊÓÈçno, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until¡ µÈ¡£ ¡¡¡¡Never have I seen such a performance. ¡¡¡¡Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. ¡¡¡¡Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. ¡¡µ±Not untilÒý³öÖ÷´Ó¸´ºÏ¾ä£¬Ö÷¾äµ¹×°£¬´Ó¾ä²»µ¹×°¡£ ×¢Ò⣺ Èç·ñ¶¨´Ê²»ÔÚ¾äÊײ»µ¹×°¡£ ¡¡¡¡ I have never seen such a performance. ¡¡¡¡ The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. µäÐÍÀýÌâ¡¡¡¡ 1)¡¡Why can't I smoke here? ¡¡¡¡At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted¡¡¡¡B.¡¡smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted¡¡D.¡¡does smoking permit ´ð°¸A. ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öµ¹×°ÎÊÌâ¡£µ±·ñ¶¨´ÊÓïÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×ÒÔ±íʾǿµ÷ʱ£¬Æä¾äÖеÄÖ÷νÐëÓõ¹×°½á¹¹¡£ ÕâЩ·ñ¶¨´Ê°üÀ¨no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not untilµÈ¡£±¾ÌâµÄÕý³£ÓïÐòÊÇ Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2£© Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. ¡¡¡¡A. man did know¡¡ B. man know¡¡ C. didn't man know¡¡ D. did man know ¡¡´ð°¸D.¡¡ ¿´µ½Not until¡µÄ¾äÐÍ£¬ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀΪһµ¹×°¾ä£¬´ð°¸ÔÚC£¬D ÖÐÑ¡Ò»¸ö¡£ ¡¡¸ÄдΪÕý³£ÓïÐòΪ£¬Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. ÏÖÔÚ½«notÌáÇ°£¬ºóÃæ¾Í²»ÄÜÔÙÓ÷ñ¶¨ÁË,·ñÔòÒâ˼¾Í±äÁË¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÒÔ·ñ¶¨´Ê¿ªÍ·×÷²¿·Öµ¹×° Èç Not only¡but also, Hardly/Scarcely¡when, No sooner¡ than ¡¡ Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. ¡¡ Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. ¡¡ No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. µäÐÍÀýÌâ No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ B.¡¡has the game begun C. did the game begin¡¡¡¡¡¡ D.¡¡had the game begun ´ð°¸D. ÒÔ¾ßÓзñ¶¨ÒâÒåµÄ¸±´Ê·ÅÔÚ¾äÊ×ʱ£¬Ò»°ã²ÉÓõ¹×°¾ä(νÓïÇ°ÖÃ)¡£ÕâÀà±íʾ·ñ¶¨ÒâÒåµÄ´ÊÓÐnever, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, ÒÔ¼°not only¡but (also), no sooner¡than, hardly¡ when scarcely¡ when¡¡µÈµÈ¡£ ×¢Ò⣺ֻÓе±Not only¡ but alsoÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸ö·Ö¾äʱ£¬²ÅÔÚµÚÒ»¸ö·Ö¾äÓõ¹×°½á¹¹¡£Èç¹ûÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×µÄNot only¡ but also½öÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸ö²¢ÁдÊÓ²»¿ÉÓõ¹×°½á¹¹¡£ ¡¡ Not only you but also I am fond of music. ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ so, either, nor×÷²¿·Öµ¹×° ±íʾ"Ò²"¡¢"Ò²²»" µÄ¾ä×ÓÒª²¿·Öµ¹×°¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Tom can speak French. So can Jack. ¡¡¡¡If you won't go, neither will I. µäÐÍÀýÌâ ¡¡---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ¡¡---I don't know, _____. ¡¡A. nor don't I care¡¡¡¡B. nor do I care¡¡¡¡C. I don't care neither¡¡¡¡D. 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Ëû¾ÍÊÇÄãÏë¼ûµÄÈËÂ𣿣¨who/thatÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×÷Ö÷Ó ¡¡ He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. Ëû¾ÍÊÇÎÒ×òÌì¼ûµÄÄǸöÈË¡££¨whom/thatÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×÷±öÓ 2) Whose ÓÃÀ´Ö¸ÈË»òÎ(Ö»ÓÃ×÷¶¨Óï, ÈôÖ¸ÎËü»¹¿ÉÒÔͬof which»¥»»£©, ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.¡¡ ÄÇÈ˳µ»µÁË£¬´ó¼Ò¶¼ÅܹýÈ¥°ïæ¡£ ¡¡ Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.¡¡ÇëµÝ¸øÎÒÄDZ¾ÂÌƤµÄÊé¡£ 3£©which, that ¡¡¡¡ËüÃÇËù´úÌæµÄÏÈÐдÊÊÇÊÂÎïµÄÃû´Ê»ò´ú´Ê£¬ÔÚ´Ó¾äÖпÉ×÷Ö÷Óï¡¢±öÓïµÈ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. Å©´å³öÏÖÁËÇ°ËùδÓеķ±ÈÙ¡££¨which / thatÔÚ¾äÖÐ×÷±öÓ ¡¡¡¡The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. ÄãÄõİü¿ìÉ¢ÁË¡£(which / thatÔÚ¾äÖÐ×÷±öÓ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ¹Øϵ¸±´ÊÒýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä ¹Øϵ¸±´Ê¿É´úÌæµÄÏÈÐдÊÊÇʱ¼ä¡¢µØµã»òÀíÓɵÄÃû´Ê£¬ÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×÷×´Óï¡£ 1£©when, where, why ¡¡ ¹Øϵ¸±´Êwhen, where, whyµÄº¬ÒåÏ൱ÓÚ"½é´Ê+ which"½á¹¹£¬Òò´Ë³£³£ºÍ"½é´Ê+ which"½á¹¹½»ÌæʹÓã¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.¡¡ÈκÎÈ˶¼Óв»µÃ²»Çü·þµÄʱºò¡£ ¡¡ Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.¡¡±±¾©ÊÇÎҵijöÉúµØ¡£ ¡¡ Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?¡¡Õâ¾ÍÊÇËû¾Ü¾øÎÒÃÇ°ïÖúËûµÄÀíÓÉÂ𣿠2£©that´úÌæ¹Øϵ¸±´Ê ¡¡ that¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚ±íʾʱ¼ä¡¢µØµã¡¢·½Ê½¡¢ÀíÓɵÄÃû´ÊºóÈ¡´úwhen, where, whyºÍ"½é´Ê+ which"Òýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÔÚ¿ÚÓïÖÐthat³£±»Ê¡ÂÔ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.¡¡Ëû¸¸Ç×ÔÚËû³öÉúÄÇÄêÊÅÊÀÁË¡£ ¡¡ He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. Ëû²»´ó¿ÉÄÜÕÒµ½ËûËÄÊ®ÄêÇ°¾Óס¹ýµÄµØ·½¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÅжϹØϵ´ú´ÊÓë¹Øϵ¸±´Ê ·½·¨Ò»£º ÓùØϵ´ú´Ê£¬»¹ÊǹØϵ¸±´ÊÍêÈ«È¡¾öÓÚ´Ó¾äÖеÄνÓﶯ´Ê¡£¼°Îﶯ´ÊºóÃæÎÞ±öÓ¾Í±ØÐëÒªÇóÓùØϵ´ú´Ê£»¶ø²»¼°Îﶯ´ÊÔòÒªÇóÓùØϵ¸±´Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. ¡¡ I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. ¡¡ ÅÐ¶Ï¸Ä´í£¨×¢£ºÏÈÏÔʾÌ⣬ÔÙÏÔʾ´ð°¸£¬ºáÏߣ»Óò»Í¬µÄÑÕÉ«±íʾ³ö¡££© ¡¡ £¨´í£© This is the mountain village where I visited last year. ¡¡ £¨´í£© I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. ¡¡ £¨¶Ô£© This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. ¡¡ £¨¶Ô£© I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. ¡¡¡¡Ï°¹ßÉÏ×ܰѱíµØµã»òʱ¼äµÄÃû´ÊÓë¹Øϵ¸±´Ê where, whenÁªÏµÔÚÒ»Æð¡£´ËÁ½Ìâ´íÔÚ¹Øϵ´ÊµÄÎóÓÃÉÏ¡£ ¡¡ ·½·¨¶þ£º ׼ȷÅжÏÏÈÐдÊÔÚ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÖеijɷÖ(Ö÷¡¢Î½¡¢±ö¡¢¶¨¡¢×´)£¬Ò²ÄÜÕýÈ·Ñ¡Ôñ³ö¹Øϵ´ú´Ê/¹Øϵ¸±´Ê¡£ Àý1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? ¡¡ A. where¡¡B. that¡¡ C. on which¡¡ D. the one Àý2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. ¡¡ A. where¡¡¡¡B. that¡¡ C. on which¡¡¡¡D. the one ´ð°¸£ºÀý1 D£¬Àý2 A Àý1±äΪ¿Ï¶¨¾ä£º This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. Àý2±äΪ¿Ï¶¨¾ä£º This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. ¡¡¡¡ÔÚ¾ä1ÖУ¬Ëùȱ²¿·ÖΪ±öÓ¶øwhere, that, on which¶¼²»ÄÜÆðµ½±öÓïµÄ×÷Óã¬Ö»ÓÐthe one¼È×öÁËÖ÷¾äµÄ±íÓÓÖ¿É×ö´Ó¾äµÄ±öÓ¿ÉÒÔÊ¡ÂÔ¹Øϵ´ú´Ê£¬ËùÒÔӦѡD¡£ ¡¡¡¡¶ø¾ä2ÖÐ, Ö÷¡¢Î½¡¢±ö¾ãÈ«£¬´Ó¾ä²¿·ÖΪ¾ä×ÓµÄ×´Óï±íµØµã£¬¼È¿ÉÓø±´Êwhere£¬ÓÖÒò in the museum´Ê×飬¿ÉÓýé´Êin + which Òýµ¼µØµã×´Óï¡£¶ø´ËÌâÖУ¬½é´Êon ÓõIJ»¶Ô£¬ËùÒÔÑ¡A¡£ ¡¡¡¡¹Øϵ´ÊµÄÑ¡ÔñÒÀ¾ÝÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐËù×öµÄ³É·Ö£¬ÏÈÐдÊÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×÷Ö÷¡¢¶¨¡¢±öÓïʱ£¬Ñ¡Ôñ¹Øϵ´ú´Ê (who, whom, that, which, whose)£» ÏÈÐдÊÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×ö×´Óïʱ£¬Ó¦Ñ¡Ôñ¹Øϵ¸±´Ê ( where µØµã×´Ówhen ʱ¼ä×´Ówhy ÔÒò×´Óï) ¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÏÞÖÆÐԺͷÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä 1) ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÓÐÏÞÖÆÐԺͷÇÏÞÖÆÐÔÁ½ÖÖ¡£ÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÊÇÏÈÐдʲ»¿ÉȱÉٵIJ¿·Ö£¬È¥µôËüÖ÷¾äÒâ˼ÍùÍù²»Ã÷È·£»·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÊÇÏÈÐдʵĸ½¼Ó˵Ã÷£¬È¥µôÁËÒ²²»»áÓ°ÏìÖ÷¾äµÄÒâ˼£¬ËüÓëÖ÷¾äÖ®¼äͨ³£ÓöººÅ·Ö¿ª£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡This is the house which we bought last month.¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇÎÒÃÇÉϸöÔÂÂòµÄÄÇ´±·¿×Ó¡££¨ÏÞÖÆÐÔ£© ¡¡¡¡¡¡The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.Õâ´±·¿×ÓºÜƯÁÁ£¬ÊÇÎÒÃÇÉϸöÔÂÂòµÄ¡££¨·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ£© 2) µ±ÏÈÐдÊÊÇרÓÐÃû´Ê»òÎïÖ÷´ú´ÊºÍָʾ´ú´ÊËùÐÞÊÎʱ£¬ÆäºóµÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äͨ³£ÊÇ·ÇÏÞÖÆÐԵģ¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. ²éÀí•Ê·ÃÜ˹ȥÄêÍËÐÝÁË£¬ËûÔø¾ÊÇÎÒµÄÀÏʦ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.¡¡ÎÒÈ¥ÄêÂòµÄµÄÄÇ´±·¿×Ó´øןöƯÁÁµÄ»¨Ô°¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. ÕⱾС˵ºÜ¶¯ÈË£¬ÎÒÒѾ¶ÁÁËÈý±é¡£ 3) ·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä»¹Äܽ«Õû¸öÖ÷¾ä×÷ΪÏÈÐдÊ, ¶ÔÆä½øÐÐÐÞÊÎ, Õâʱ´Ó¾äνÓﶯ´ÊÒªÓõÚÈýÈ˳Ƶ¥Êý£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. ËûËƺõûץסÎÒµÄÒâ˼£¬ÕâʹÎÒÐÄ·³¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. Һ̬ˮ±äΪÕôÆû£¬Õâ¾Í½Ð×öÕô·¢¡£ ˵Ã÷£º¹Øϵ´ú´ÊthatºÍ¹Øϵ¸±´Êwhy²»ÄÜÒýµ¼·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ½é´Ê+¹Øϵ´Ê 1£©½é´ÊºóÃæµÄ¹Øϵ´Ê²»ÄÜÊ¡ÂÔ¡£ 2£©thatÇ°²»ÄÜÓнé´Ê¡£ 3£© ijЩÔÚ´Ó¾äÖг䵱ʱ¼ä£¬µØµã»òÔÒò×´ÓïµÄ"½é´Ê+¹Øϵ´Ê"½á¹¹¿ÉÒÔͬ¹Øϵ¸±´Êwhen ºÍwhere »¥»»¡£ ¡¡ This is the house in which I lived two years ago. ¡¡ This is the house where I lived two years ago. ¡¡ Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? ¡¡ Do you remember the day when you joined our club? ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ as, which·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä ÓÉas, which Òýµ¼µÄ·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬asºÍwhich¿É´úÕû¸öÖ÷¾ä£¬Ï൱ÓÚand this»òand that¡£AsÒ»°ã·ÅÔÚ¾äÊ×£¬whichÔÚ¾äÖС£ ¡¡¡¡As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. ¡¡¡¡The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.¡¡¡¡ µäÐÍÀýÌâ¡¡ 1£©Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it¡¡ B. that¡¡ C. which¡¡¡¡D. he ¡¡ ´ð°¸C. ´ËΪ·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐԴӾ䣬²»ÄÜÓà thatÐÞÊΣ¬¶øÓÃwhich.£¬it ºÍhe ¶¼Ê¹ºó¾ä³ÉΪ¾ä×Ó£¬Á½¸ö¶ÀÁ¢µÄ¾ä×Ó²»Äܵ¥ÒÔ¶ººÅÁ¬½Ó¡£¿öÇÒÑ¡he¾äÒⲻͨ¡£ 2£©The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what¡¡B. which¡¡C. that¡¡D. it ¡¡ ´ð°¸B¡£which¿É´úÌæ¾ä×Ó£¬ÓÃÓÚ·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬¶øwhat²»¿É¡£That ²»ÄÜÓÃÓÚ·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬it²»ÎªÁ¬´Ê£¬Ê¹ÓɶººÅÁ¬½ÓµÄÁ½¸ö¾ä×Ó²¢ÔÚÒ»ÆðÔÚÓ¢ÓïÓï·¨ÉÏÐв»Í¨¡£ 3£©It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that¡¡B. which¡¡¡¡C. as¡¡ D. it ¡¡´ð°¸B. ¡¡¡¡as ºÍwhichÔÚÒýµ¼·ÇÏÞÖÆÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äʱ£¬ÕâÁ½¸ö¹Øϵ´ú´Ê¶¼Ö¸Ö÷¾äËù±í´ïµÄÕû¸öÒâ˼£¬ÇÒÔÚ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÖж¼¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ö÷ÓïºÍ±öÓï¡£µ«²»Í¬Ö®´¦Ö÷ÒªÓÐÁ½µã£º ¡¡(1£© as Òýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä¿ÉÖÃÓÚ¾äÊ×£¬¶øwhich²»¿É¡£ ¡¡(2£© as ´ú±íÇ°ÃæµÄÕû¸öÖ÷¾ä²¢ÔÚ´Ó¾äÖÐ×÷Ö÷Óïʱ£¬´Ó¾äÖеÄνÓï±ØÐëÊÇϵ¶¯´Ê£»ÈôΪÐÐΪ¶¯´Ê£¬Ôò´Ó¾äÖеĹØϵ´ú´ÊÖ»ÄÜÓÃwhich.¡£ ¡¡ ÔÚ±¾ÌâÖУ¬preventÓÉÓÚÊÇÐÐΪ¶¯´Ê£¬ËùÒÔÕýÈ·Ñ¡ÏîӦΪB¡£ As µÄÓ÷¨ Àý1. the same¡ as£»such¡as ÖеÄas ÊÇÒ»Ö̶ֹ¨½á¹¹, ºÍ¡¡Ò»Ñù¡¡¡£ ¡¡¡¡ I have got into the same trouble as he (has). Àý2. as¿ÉÒýµ¼·ÇÏÞÖÆÐԴӾ䣬³£´øÓÐ'ÕýÈç'¡£ ¡¡¡¡As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. ¡¡¡¡As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health. ¡¡AsÊǹØϵ´ú´Ê¡£Àý1ÖеÄas×÷knowµÄ±öÓÀý2ÖУ¬Ëü³äµ±´Ó¾äµÄÖ÷ÓνÓﶯ´ÊknowÒªÓñ»¶¯Ê½¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÏÈÐдʺ͹Øϵ´Ê¶þºÏÒ» 1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. ¡¡¡¡ (Whoever ¿ÉÒÔÓà anyone who ´úÌæ) ¡¡2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. ¡¡¡¡(what ¿ÉÒÔÓÃall that´úÌæ) ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ what/whatever/that... 1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. ¡¡¡¡ (Whoever ¿ÉÒÔÓà anyone who ´úÌæ) ¡¡2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. ¡¡¡¡(what ¿ÉÒÔÓÃall that´úÌæ) ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ¹Øϵ´ú´ÊthatµÄÓ÷¨ 1£©²»ÓÃthatµÄÇé¿ö ¡¡¡¡a) ÔÚÒýµ¼·ÇÏÞ¶¨ÐÔ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äʱ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡ (´í)¡¡The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. ¡¡¡¡b) ½é´Êºó²»ÄÜÓᣠ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ We depend on the land from which we get our food. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 2) Ö»ÄÜÓÃthat×÷Ϊ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äµÄ¹Øϵ´ú´ÊµÄÇé¿ö ¡¡¡¡a)¡¡ÔÚthere be ¾äÐÍÖУ¬Ö»ÓÃthat£¬²»ÓÃwhich¡£ ¡¡¡¡b)¡¡ÔÚ²»¶¨´ú´Ê£¬È磺anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, littleµÈ×÷ÏÈÐдÊʱ£¬Ö»ÓÃthat£¬²»ÓÃwhich¡£ ¡¡¡¡c)¡¡ÏÈÐдÊÓÐthe only, the veryÐÞÊÎʱ£¬Ö»ÓÃthat¡£¡¡ ¡¡¡¡d)¡¡ÏÈÐдÊΪÐòÊý´Ê¡¢Êý´Ê¡¢ÐÎÈÝ´Ê×î¸ß¼¶Ê±£¬Ö»ÓÃthat¡£. ¡¡¡¡e)¡¡ÏÈÐдʼÈÓÐÈË£¬ÓÖÓÐÎïʱ¡£ ¾ÙÀý£º ¡¡ All that is needed is a supply of oil. ¡¡ ËùÐèµÄÖ»Êǹ©ÓÍÎÊÌâ¡£ ¡¡ Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.¡¡ ¡¡ ÄÇÔô×îÖÕ°Ñ͵µÄÈ«²¿¶«Î÷½»¸øÁ˾¯²ì¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ÖÐѧÓï·¨´óÈ« ¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½ Ŀ¼ ²»¶¨Ê½×÷±öÓï 28 ²»¶¨Ê½×÷²¹Óï 28 ²»¶¨Ê½Ö÷Óï 30 It's for sb/It's of sb 30 ²»¶¨Ê½×÷±íÓï 31 ²»¶¨Ê½×÷¶¨Óï 31 ²»¶¨Ê½×÷×´Óï 31 ÓÃ×÷½é´ÊµÄto 32 Ê¡to µÄ¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½ 32 ¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½µÄ·ñ¶¨Ê½ 33 ²»¶¨Ê½ÌØÊâ¾äÐÍtoo¡to¡ 33 ²»¶¨Ê½ÌØÊâ¾äÐÍso as to 34 ²»¶¨Ê½ÌØÊâ¾äÐÍWhy not 34 ²»¶¨Ê½µÄʱ̬ºÍÓï̬ 34 ¶¯Ãû´ÊÓë²»¶¨Ê½ 35 ²»¶¨Ê½×÷±öÓï 1) ¶¯´Ê+ ²»¶¨Ê½ afford¡¡ aim¡¡¡¡ appear¡¡¡¡agree¡¡ arrange¡¡¡¡ask¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡ decide¡¡bother¡¡¡¡care¡¡choose¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡dare¡¡¡¡ demand¡¡desire¡¡¡¡determine¡¡expect¡¡¡¡elect¡¡¡¡endeavor¡¡hope¡¡fail¡¡ happen¡¡ help¡¡¡¡hesitate¡¡learn¡¡ long¡¡mean¡¡¡¡manage¡¡ offer¡¡ought¡¡plan¡¡¡¡prepare¡¡pretend¡¡¡¡promise¡¡refuse¡¡seem¡¡¡¡ tend¡¡¡¡ wait¡¡¡¡¡¡ wish¡¡undertake ¾ÙÀý£º¡¡ ¡¡The driver failed to see the other car in time. ¡¡¡¡ ˾»úûÄܼ°Ê±¿´¼ûÁíÒ»Á¾³µ¡£ ¡¡I happen to know the answer to your question. ¡¡¡¡ ÎÒÅöÇÉÖªµÀÄãÄǵÀÎÊÌâµÄ´ð°¸¡£ 2£©¶¯´Ê+²»¶¨Ê½ £»¡¡¶¯´Ê+±öÓï+²»¶¨Ê½ ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish¡ ¡¡I like to keep everything tidy.¡¡ÎÒϲ»¶Ã¿¼þ¶«Î÷¶¼±£³ÖÕû½à¡£ ¡¡I like you to keep everything tidy.¡¡ÎÒϲ»¶ÄãÄêʹÿ¼þ¶«Î÷¶¼±£³ÖÕû½à¡£ I want to speak to Tom.¡¡ ÎÒÏëºÍÌÀķ̸»°¡£ I want you to speak to Tom.¡¡ ÎÒÏëÈÃÄãºÍÌÀķ̸»°¡£ 3£© ¶¯´Ê+ÒÉÎÊ´Ê+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell ¡¡¡¡Please show us how to do that. ÇëÑÝʾ¸øÎÒÃÇÈçºÎÈ¥×ö¡£ ¡¡¡¡There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.ÓÐÕâô¶àµÄ¼Òô»ú£¬ÎÒ¶¼Äò»¶¨Ö÷ÒâÂòÄÄÒ»ÖÖ¡£ ×¢Òâ:ÒÉÎÊ´Ê´ø²»¶¨Ê½ÔÚ¾äÖÐ×÷³É·Öʱ£¬Î½Óﶯ´ÊÓõ¥Êý¡£ ¡¡¡¡ The question is how to put it into practice. ¡¡¡¡ ÎÊÌâÊÇÔõÑù°ÑËü¸¶Öîʵʩ¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ²»¶¨Ê½×÷²¹Óï 1) ¶¯´Ê+±öÓï+²»¶¨Ê½(to do) advise¡¡¡¡ allow¡¡¡¡ appoint¡¡¡¡ believe¡¡¡¡ cause¡¡¡¡ challenge¡¡command¡¡ compel¡¡¡¡consider¡¡ declare¡¡¡¡ drive¡¡¡¡¡¡enable¡¡¡¡encourage¡¡ find¡¡¡¡¡¡ forbid¡¡¡¡ force¡¡¡¡¡¡guess¡¡¡¡ hire¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡imagine¡¡¡¡impel¡¡¡¡¡¡induce¡¡¡¡ inform¡¡¡¡instruct¡¡¡¡invite¡¡¡¡ judge¡¡¡¡¡¡ know¡¡¡¡¡¡ like¡¡¡¡¡¡order¡¡¡¡¡¡ permit¡¡¡¡persuade¡¡ remind¡¡¡¡ report¡¡¡¡ request¡¡¡¡ require¡¡¡¡select¡¡send¡¡¡¡¡¡ state¡¡¡¡ suppose¡¡¡¡ tell¡¡¡¡¡¡ think¡¡ train¡¡¡¡¡¡trust¡¡¡¡ understand¡¡urge¡¡¡¡¡¡ warn¡¡ Àý¾ä£º ¡¡ a.¡¡Father will not allow us to play on the street.¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡ ¸¸Çײ»ÈÃÎÒÃÇÔÚ½ÖÉÏÍæË£¡£ ¡¡ b.¡¡We believe him to be guilty. ¡¡¡¡ ÎÒÃÇÏàÐÅËûÊÇÓÐ×ïµÄ¡£ Find µÄÌØÊâÓ÷¨£º ¡¡¡¡Find ºó¿ÉÓ÷ִÊ×ö±ö²¹£¬»òÏȼÓÐÎʽ±öÓÔÙ¼ÓÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬×îºó¼Ó´øto µÄ¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½¡£findºóÒ²¿É´øÒ»¸ö´Ó¾ä¡£´ËÀද´Ê»¹ÓÐget£¬have¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡I found him lying on the ground. ¡¡¡¡¡¡I found it important to learn. ¡¡¡¡¡¡I found that to learn English is important. µäÐÍÀýÌâ: ¡¡¡¡The next morning she found the man ___ in bed£¬dead.¡¡ ¡¡ A. lying¡¡ B. lie¡¡ C. lay¡¡ D. laying¡¡¡¡ ´ð°¸£ºA.findµÄ±öÓïºóÃ棬Ó÷ִʻò·Ö´Ê¶ÌÓÆð±öÓï²¹×ãÓï×÷Óá£ÏÖÔڷִʱí´ïÖ÷¶¯£¬Ò²±í´ïÕýÔÚ½øÐУ¬¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê±í´ï±»¶¯¡£ 2) to + be µÄ²»¶¨Ê½½á¹¹£¬×÷²¹ÓïµÄ¶¯´Ê¡£ Acknowledge,¡¡¡¡believe,¡¡consider,¡¡¡¡think,¡¡declare(Éù³Æ),¡¡discover, fancy(ÉèÏë),¡¡feel¡¡¡¡ find,¡¡guess,¡¡ judge,¡¡¡¡imagine,¡¡¡¡¡¡know,¡¡ prove,¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡see(Àí½â), show,¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡suppose,¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ take(ÒÔΪ),¡¡¡¡ understand ¡¡¡¡ We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. ¡¡¡¡ ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪÌÀÄ·ÊÇ°àÉÏ×îºÃµÄѧÉúÖ®Ò»¡£ µäÐÍÀýÌâ ¡¡¡¡ Charles Babbage is generally considered¡¡___ the first computer.¡¡ A. to invent¡¡B. inventing¡¡ C. to have invented¡¡ D. having invented¡¡ ´ð°¸£ºA. ÓÉconsider to do sth. ÅųýB¡¢D¡£. ´Ë¾äֻ˵Ã÷·¢Ã÷ÕâÒ»¸öÊÂʵ£¬²»¶¨Ê½ºóÓÃÔÐμ´¿É¡£¶øCΪÏÖÔÚÍê³Éʱ£¬·¢Ã÷Ϊµã¶¯´ÊÒ»°ã²»ÓÃÍê³Éʱ£¬ÇÒ´Ë´¦Ò²²»Ç¿µ÷¶ÔÏÖÔÚµÄÓ°Ï죬Òò´Ë²»Ñ¡C¡£ 3) to be +ÐÎÈÝ´Ê Seem,¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ appear,¡¡¡¡¡¡be said,¡¡¡¡be supposed,¡¡ be believed,¡¡be thought,¡¡be known,¡¡ be reported,¡¡hope, wish,¡¡ desire,¡¡¡¡¡¡want,¡¡¡¡¡¡ plan,¡¡ expect,¡¡¡¡¡¡ mean¡ ¡¡The book is believed to be uninteresting. ¡¡ÈËÃÇÈÏΪÕâ±¾ÊéûʲôÒâ˼¡£ 4)¡¡there be+²»¶¨Ê½ believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand ¡¡We didn't expect there to be so many people there.ÎÒÃÇûÁϵ½»áÓÐÄÇô¶àÈËÔÚÄÄÀï¡£ ×¢Òâ £º ÓÐЩ¶¯´ÊÐèÓÃas ¶ÌÓï×ö²¹ÓÈçregard, think believe, take, consider. ¡¡We regard Tom as our best teacher.¡¡ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪÌÀÄ·ÊÇÎÒÃÇ×îºÃµÄÀÏʦ¡£ ¡¡Mary took him as her father .¡¡ÂêÀö°ÑËûµ±×÷×Ô¼ºµÄ¸¸Çס£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ ²»¶¨Ê½Ö÷Óï 1£© It's easy (for me) to do that.ÎÒ×öÕâÊÂÌ«ÈÝÒ×ÁË easy,¡¡difficult,¡¡ hard,¡¡ important,¡¡ possible,¡¡ impossible,¡¡comfortable,¡¡ necessary,¡¡ better;¡¡¡¡ the first,¡¡ the next,¡¡¡¡¡¡the last,¡¡¡¡the best,¡¡too much,¡¡¡¡too little,¡¡¡¡not enough ¡¡It's so nice to hear your voice. ¡¡Ìýµ½ÄãµÄÉùÒôÕæ¸ßÐË¡£ ¡¡It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. ¡¡µ±Äã²»ÓóµµÄʱºò£¬Ëø³µÊÇÓбØÒªµÄ¡£ 2) It's very kind of you to help us.¡¡Ëû°ïÖúÎÒÃÇ£¬ËûÕæºÃ¡£ Kind,¡¡nice,¡¡ stupid,¡¡rude,¡¡ clever,¡¡foolish,¡¡thoughtful,¡¡thoughtless,¡¡brave,¡¡considerate(¿¼ÂÇÖܵ½µÄ),¡¡silly,¡¡ selfish(×Ô˽µÄ) Àý¾ä: ¡¡¡¡¡¡It was silly of us to believe him.¡¡ÎÒÃÇÕæÓÞ´À£¬¾¹È»ÏàÐÅÁËËû¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.¡¡Ëû²»¸øËûÃÇÈκζ«Î÷£¬ÕâÏÔµÃÌ«×Ô˽ÁË¡£ ×¢Ò⣺1) ÆäËûϵ¶¯´ÊÈ磬look£¬appearµÈÒ²¿ÉÓÃÓڴ˾äÐÍ ¡¡¡¡¡¡2) ²»¶¨Ê½×÷Ϊ¾ä×ӳɷÖʱ£¬¶¯´ÊÓõ¥ÊýÐÎʽ¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡3) µ±²»¶¨Ê½×÷Ö÷ÓïµÄ¾ä×ÓÖÐÓÖÓÐÒ»¸ö²»¶¨Ê½×÷±íÓïʱ£¬²»ÄÜÓÃIt is¡ to¡µÄ¾äÐÍ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(¶Ô)To see is to believe.¡¡°ÙÎŲ»ÈçÒ»¼û¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(´í)It is to believe to see. ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ It's for sb/It's of sb 1£©for sb. ³£ÓÃÓÚ±íʾÊÂÎïµÄÌØÕ÷Ìص㣬±íʾ¿Í¹ÛÐÎʽµÄÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬Èçeasy, hard, difficult,¡¡ interesting, impossibleµÈ£º ¡¡¡¡ It's very hard for him to study two languages. ¶ÔËûÀ´ËµÑ§Á½ÃÅÍâÓïÊǺÜÄѵġ£ 2£©of sbµÄ¾äÐÍÒ»°ãÓñíʾÈËÎïµÄÐÔ¸ñ£¬Æ·µÂ£¬±íʾÖ÷¹Û¸ÐÇé»ò̬¶ÈµÄÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬Èçgood, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right¡£ ¡¡¡¡ It's very nice of you to help me. 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Ó¢ÓïÏÖÔÚÔ½À´Ô½ÖØÒª¡£ 2)¡¡be + ¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê£¬¹¹³É±»¶¯Óï̬£¬ÀýÈ磺 The window was broken by Tom..¡¡´°»§ÊÇÌÀÄ·´òËéµÄ¡£ English is taught throughout the world.¡¡ÊÀ½ç¸÷µØ¶¼½ÌÓ¢Óï¡£ 3£© be + ¶¯´Ê²»¶¨Ê½£¬¿É±íʾÏÂÁÐÄÚÈÝ£º ¡¡a. ±íʾ×î½ü¡¢Î´À´µÄ¼Æ»®»ò°²ÅÅ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡ He is to go to New York next week..¡¡ËûÏÂÖÜҪȥŦԼ¡£ ¡¡¡¡ We are to teach the freshpersons.¡¡ÎÒÃÇÒª½ÌÐÂÉú¡£ ¡¡¡¡ËµÃ÷£º ÕâÖÖÓ÷¨Ò²¿ÉÒÔ˵³ÉÊÇÒ»ÖÖ½«À´Ê±Ì¬±í´ï·¨¡£ ¡¡b. ±íʾÃüÁÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡You are to explain this.¡¡¶Ô´ËÄãÒª×ö³ö½âÊÍ¡£ ¡¡¡¡He is to come to the office this afternoon.¡¡ÒªËû½ñÌìÏÂÎçÀ´°ì¹«ÊÒ¡£ ¡¡c.¡¡Õ÷ÇóÒâ¼û£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡How am I to answer him?¡¡ÎÒ¸ÃÔõÑù´ð¸´Ëû£¿ ¡¡¡¡Who is to go there?¡¡Ë¸ÃÈ¥ÄǶùÄØ£¿ ¡¡d. ±íʾÏàÔ¼¡¢É̶¨£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.¡¡ÎÒÃÇÃ÷ÌìÔ糿7µãÔÚУÃÅ¿Ú¼¯ºÏ¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Öú¶¯´ÊhaveµÄÓ÷¨ 1£©have +¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê£¬¹¹³ÉÍê³Éʱ̬£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡He has left for London.¡¡ËûÒÑÈ¥ÁËÂ׶ء£ ¡¡¡¡By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.¡¡ ¡¡¡¡ÉÏÔÂδΪֹ£¬ËûÃÇÒѾÍê³É¹¤×÷µÄÒ»°ë¡£ 2£©have + been +ÏÖÔÚ·Ö´Ê£¬¹¹³ÉÍê³É½øÐÐʱ£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ I have been studying English for ten years. ¡¡ ÎÒÒ»Ö±ÔÚѧӢÓÒÑ´ïÊ®ÄêÖ®¾Ã¡£ 3£©have+been +¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê£¬¹¹³ÉÍê³Éʽ±»¶¯Óï̬£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ English has been taught in China for many years. ¡¡ Öйú½ÌÓ¢ÓïÒѾ¶àÄê¡£ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Öú¶¯´Êdo µÄÓ÷¨ 1£© ¹¹³ÉÒ»°ãÒÉÎʾ䣬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ Do you want to pass the CET?¡¡ÄãÏëͨ¹ý´óѧӢÓï²âÊÔÂ𣿠¡¡ Did you study German?¡¡ÄãÃÇѧ¹ýµÂÓïÂ𣿠2£© do + not ¹¹³É·ñ¶¨¾ä£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ I do not want to be criticized.¡¡ ÎÒ²»Ïë°¤ÅúÆÀ¡£ ¡¡ He doesn't like to study.¡¡ Ëû²»Ïëѧϰ¡£ ¡¡ In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.¡¡¹ýÈ¥£¬ºÃ¶àѧÉú²»ÖªµÀÓ¢ÓïµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£ 3)¡¡¹¹³É·ñ¶¨Æíʹ¾ä£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡Don't go there.¡¡²»ÒªÈ¥ÄÇÀï¡£ ¡¡Don't be so absent-minded.¡¡²»ÒªÕâôÐIJ»ÔÚÑÉ¡£ ˵Ã÷£º ¹¹³É·ñ¶¨Æíʹ¾äÖ»ÓÃdo£¬²»ÓÃdidºÍdoes¡£ 4£© ·ÅÔÚ¶¯´ÊÔÐÎÇ°£¬¼ÓÇ¿¸Ã¶¯´ÊµÄÓïÆø£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡Do come to my birthday party.¡¡Ò»¶¨À´²Î¼ÓÎÒµÄÉúÈÕÑç»á¡£ ¡¡I did go there.¡¡ÎÒȷʵȥÄǶùÁË¡£ ¡¡I do miss you.¡¡ÎÒȷʵÏëÄã¡£ 5£© ÓÃÓÚµ¹×°¾ä£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡Never did I hear of such a thing.¡¡ ÎÒ´ÓδÌý˵¹ýÕâÑùµÄÊÂÇé¡£ ¡¡Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. Ö»ÓÐÔÚ¿ªÊ¼´óѧÉú»îʱÎÒÃDzÅÈÏʶµ½Ó¢ÓïµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡£ ˵Ã÷£º Òýµ¼´ËÀ൹װ¾äµÄ¸±´ÊÓÐnever, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, wellµÈ¡£ 6£© ÓÃ×÷´ú¶¯´Ê£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡---- Do you like Beijing?¡¡--Äãϲ»¶±±¾©Â𣿠¡¡---- Yes, I do.¡¡--Êǵģ¬Ï²»¶¡££¨doÓÃ×÷´ú¶¯´Ê£¬´úÌælike Beijing.£© ¡¡He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? ¡¡ËûÖªµÀÈçºÎ¿ª³µ£¬¶Ô°É£¿ ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Öú¶¯´ÊshallºÍwillµÄÓ÷¨ shallºÍwill×÷ΪÖú¶¯´Ê¿ÉÒÔÓ붯´ÊÔÐÎÒ»Æð¹¹³ÉÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±£¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡¡¡I shall study harder at English.¡¡ ÎÒ½«¸ü¼ÓŬÁ¦µØѧϰӢÓï¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¡He will go to Shanghai.¡¡¡¡ËûҪȥÉϺ£¡£ ˵Ã÷£º ¡¡ÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄÓï·¨ÖУ¬Ó﷨ѧ¼Ò˵shallÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»È˳ƣ¬will Ö»ÓÃÓÚµÚ¶þ¡¢µÚÈýÈ˳ơ£ÏÖÔÚ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ¿ÚÓïÖУ¬will³£ÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»È˳ƣ¬µ«shallÖ»ÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»È˳ƣ¬ÈçÓÃÓÚµÚ¶þ¡¢µÚÈýÈ˳ƣ¬¾ÍʧȥÖú¶¯´ÊµÄÒâÒ壬ÒѱäΪÇé̬¶¯´Ê£¬ÊԱȽÏ: ¡¡He shall come.¡¡Ëû±ØÐëÀ´¡££¨shallÓÐÃüÁîµÄÒâζ¡££© ¡¡He will come.¡¡ËûÒªÀ´¡££¨willÖ»Ó붯´ÊÔÐι¹³ÉÒ»°ã½«À´Ê±¡££© ·µ»Ø¶¥¶Ë¡µ¡µ Öú¶¯´Êshould, wouldµÄÓ÷¨ 1£©shouldÎÞ´ÊÒ壬ֻÊÇshallµÄ¹ýÈ¥ÐÎʽ£¬Ó붯´ÊÔÐι¹³É¹ýÈ¥½«À´Ê±£¬Ö»ÓÃÓÚµÚÒ»È˳ƣ¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡ I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. ¡¡ ÎÒ×òÌì¸øËû´òµç»°£¬ÎÊËûÎÒÏÂÖܸÉʲô¡£ ±È½Ï£º ¡¡ "What shall I do next week?"¡¡I asked. ¡¡ "ÎÒÏÂÖܸÉʲô£¿"ÎÒÎʵÀ¡££¨¿ÉÒÔ˵£¬shall±ä³É¼ä½ÓÒýÓïʱ£¬±ä³ÉÁËshould¡££© 2£© wouldÒ²ÎÞ´ÊÒ壬ÊÇwillµÄ¹ýÈ¥ÐÎʽ£¬Ó붯´ÊÔÐι¹³É¹ýÈ¥½«À´Ê±£¬ÓÃÓÚµÚ¶þ¡¢µÚÈýÈ˳ƣ¬ÀýÈ磺 ¡¡¡¡ He said he would come.¡¡ Ëû˵ËûÒªÀ´¡£ ±È½Ï£º ¡¡¡¡ "I will go," he said. 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