完形阅读突破资料 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
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完形阅读突破资料
一：行文逻辑连接词
1.表示时间顺序的标志语有：
firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally ，later， at present (nowadays), in the past，at the same time (meanwhile)；To begin with, first and foremost(首先，最重要的是)， last but not least（最后，但同样重要的是）
2.表示空间顺序的标志语有：near，far (from)，beside，behind，beyond， above，below，to the right／left，on one’s right/left ，on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing
３.表示因果关系的语篇标志语有
as, since, therefore, so, as a result, thus, then, now that, thanks to, due to, Consequently, Accordingly (因此，从而)
4.表示并列递进关系的语篇标志语有
also, besides, what’s more/worse , furthermore, moreover, in addition, then，again, 等；
5. 表示目的的过渡词：for this reason，for this purpose；
6. 表示转折让步关系的语篇标志语有
yet, however, anyhow, though, instead, otherwise, even though, on the other hand 等；
7. 表示解释说明关系的语篇标志语有
for example, for instance, in other words, that is to say, in fact，in this case，actually/indeed/as a matter of fact等；
8.表示对比关系的语篇标志语有
while, just like/as , unlike, similarly, in the same way, on the contrary 等；
9. 表示总结关系的语篇标志语有
to sum up, in a word, in short, in brief, in conclusion，finally，at last，
10.表示强调的过渡词：
in fact，indeed，necessarily，certainly，truly，without any doubt，most important, largely.
in large measure / to a great extent
二：高频副词
always, even, ever, still, just, only, then, almost, already等副词备受高考命题者的青睐。
even 甚至, 即使, 连…都
1.放在主语前
Even his father couldn’t help smiling.
2. 放在动词前
He lay there without moving, without even thinking.
3.放在状语前
It was cold even in May.
4. 放在宾语前
He was afraid to take even a drink of water.
5. 放在形容词前
He is willing, even eager, to go there.
6.放在比较级前　“　更加，比…还要”
even短语：
even as 正当．．．的时候，
Even as he opened the door he sensed the thieves’ coming.
even then (now) 尽管这样，即使在那样情况下
I have explained (explained )everything , but even now (then) she doesn’t (didn’t) understand.
entirely 　完全地
He ______ forgot what he had done.
I have come from HK ______ to see you.
naturally 自然地，当然，　天生地
_________, he didn’t admit he had committed the crime.
He was______ thoughtful and shy.
Clearly 明显地，显然　
It was ______ impossible to start in such bad weather.
Simply 只是，仅仅，简直
1. It is ___ a question of time.（only/just/merely）
2. He is not ___ intelligent but also diligent.
3. He said nothing, ___ turned and walked out of the office.
4. I ___ wouldn’t put up with so much noise.
5. It’s been a ___ lovely afternoon. Thank you.
Again: 再次，重新,另外，还
1.She was ill but now is well again.
2.Then again, there is another matter to consider.
3. That wasn’t much. I could eat as much again.
rightly　正确地，理所应当地
He was ___ blamed for the accident.
Normally　正常，在一般情况下，通常.
I waited until I got back my breath and could speak ___.
I ___ go to bed early but I stayed up late last night.
actually（=in real fact）用来强调陈述的真实性　“实际上，当真，确实 ”
1. Actually, however, only a small number of people are successful.
2. He did not ___ witness the accident but was on the scene a minute after it.
3. He ___ told me it wasn’t my business.
Lightly 轻轻地，轻松地，轻微地，随便地
1．The visitor knocked __ at the door.
2．He walked ___ on the way home.
3．The boy was punished ___ for what he did.
4．It is too serious a matter to be taken ___
seriously 严肃，当真，严重
1．She began to talk very __ to her son.
2．__ now, you ought to take more care of your handwriting.
3．It is said that he was __ injured in the accident.
Properly 好好地，正确地，恰当地，严格地，彻底地
1．She invited many guests to her party but didn’t treat them ____.
2．There was only one way to deal with it _____.
3．We are learning English but sometimes we can’t speak it ___.
4． ___ speaking, a whale is not a fish.
5．You are ___ ruined your chances with your date.
Then 那个（这）时候 （可指过去和将来）
1. I was still at school then.
2. How about next Friday? Can you come to dinner then?
3. First think and then speak. 然后
4. How, then, do you explain the fact that there was no one at home at that time?
那么，这样说来
5. Then there is Mr. Green—he must be invited to the wedding. 此外还有
6. He maybe here tomorrow, Then again, he may not come until next week.
但是（也可能是另一种情况）
Thus 就这样， 因此
1. _____ the question was finally settled.
2. He studied hard and ____ he got high marks.
Yet
1. I’m not quite clear _____ about this question. 至今（还没有）
2. There are three days ____ to go until my vacation. 还
3. We may hear from him ______. （将来可能会发生。。。）
4. I have _____ more exciting news for you. 更加
5. Jane said she was badly ill, and yet I saw her in the street just now.
and(but) yet （尽管如此）但是
Still
1. She was still weak after her long illness. 仍然，仍旧
2. He has treated you badly, Still, he is your brother and you ought to help him.
尽管如此，但（仍然）
3. There remained a still more difficult and dangerous task. 更加， 越发
Indeed
1. Compared to many women, she was ______ very lucky. 的确，确实
2. –He left without finishing his work.
--Did he, indeed? 表示惊奇，不相信
Instead: 作为替代（而）， 反而
1. He didn’t give John the money, but he gave it to me _______.
2. The water here is not good, so I’m drinking beer _______.
长难句突破
仔细观察下列句子中粗体字的位置和意思，根据所给提示，理解句意。
1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem（定理） had baffled （困惑）and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.
简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎；overtime超时地。
3. Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market
简析：夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词promising有前途的。
4. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.
简析：关键词other than而不是。
5. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.
简析：关键词term术语。
6. It is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers’ shelves.
简析：比喻生动形象。
7. The mass media and government white papers play an important part in the spread of foreign words.
简析：关键词the mass media and government white papers大众传播媒介和政府白皮书（正式报告）。
8.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who was a lively interest in their pet, whether it be a cat 、dog or snake!。
简析：关键词fans爱好者，whether…or…，无论是…还是…。
9. Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.
简析：夹杂两个定语从句。
10. But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a lot of them are still ending up on paper.
简析：关键词text文本；end up最后成为（处于）。
11.With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals（ITA） in salt Lake City.
12. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral （上将）of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.
简析：有两个过去分词短语作状语。
13. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures, for which the island is most famous.
简析：夹杂有现在分词短语，及定语从句。
14. Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10 and they’re very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject.
简析：关键词aim for 针对；in that 在于。
15. The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described here is that it brings parents and children closer together.
简析：夹杂过去分词短语及表语从句。
16.Until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
简析：关键词come across碰巧遇见，in one’s honor纪念某人。
17. Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic（有机的） trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.
简析：关键词count on 依赖。
18. Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space.
简析：关键词rather than 而不是。
19. In general, women’s friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support, but men’s relationships are marked by shared activities.
简析：关键词rest on 依靠。
20.For the most part, interactions between men are emotionally controlled ---a good fit with the social requirements of“manly behavior”.
简析：关键词for the most part就大部分而言。
21. Whereas（ 然儿） a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
简析：夹杂多种结构not unusual=usual； not…until…，直到…才…。
22. Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.
简析：倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。
23. We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.
简析：含对比。
24. When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “Foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does. （NMET2001. D篇）
简析： 含比较级句型结构。
25. Some companies have made the manufacturing（生产） of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.
简析：make后接双宾语。
26. After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate （证明，证书）recording their success, that is, when guests leave the hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure.
简析：含两个分词短语，关键词state表明。
27. The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees, who can afford the new service, in other words, Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.
简析：关键词rest in 依赖。
28. That you won’t be for long means it won’t be long before you’ll have to recycle your rubbish.
简析：夹杂主语从句及宾语从句。
29. These words, I have just made up, have to stand for thing and ideas that we simply can’t think of.
简析：关键词make up 编造。
30. Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations.
简析：关键词picture活用为动词想象，设想。
31. Decision thinking is not unlike poker — it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. （NMET2000. C 篇）
简析：含较复杂的句型结构not unlike=like， not only…but also…不仅…而且…
32. The hot sun had caused the dough （面团） to double in size and the fermenting yeast（酵母） made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.
简析：比喻形象生动。
33. After all, what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?
简析：反问句式，语气强烈。
34. Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day.
简析：关键词for a run去跑步。
35.The summit(会晤) was to mark the 25th anniversary（周年）of president Nixon’s journey to China, which was the turning point in China-US relations.
简析：关键词mark 纪念。
36. Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out.
简析：关键词be of college level 大学水平，figure out解决，解答。
37. Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun, inside Which stands a 160¬ –foot –tall Tree of Life.
简析：含有两个倒装句。
38. The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made.
简析：consider后的宾语后置。
39. Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment, she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.
简析：含有让步状语从句及形容词短语作状语。
40. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.
简析：含有两个过去分词短语。
41. I went around to the front of the house, sat down on the steps, and, the crying over, I ached, And my father must have hurt, too, a little.
简析：动作描写，情真意切。
42. It covered the whole distance from broken –hearted misery to bursting happiness—too fast.
简析：比喻形象生动。
参考译文：
1.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
2. 由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。
3. 或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。
4. 这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸，制成这种纸的原料不是木料，而是农业废料。
5.这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。
6. 它是现在很畅销的许多外语书中的一本。
7.大众传播媒介和政府白皮书（正式报告）在外国词传播过程中起重要作用。
8.来自动物医院（这个电视节目）的故事（这本书），将使这个电视节目的爱好者以及对无论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。
9.牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。
10. 但对于所有这些以电子手段记录，贮存及传递的文本而言，许多文本仍要（打印）在纸上。
11.据盐湖城的ITA的观点，闪烁的棕色眼睛，摇着尾巴，并有无条件的爱心，狗能成为无判断力的（忠实的）听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。
12. 这个岛屿，于1506年被同名的葡萄牙上将发现，在1810年有人居住，现在属于英国，人口数有几百人。
13. 他们已有一千多年与外界没有联系，这给他们充足的时间来修建1000多座巨大的石像，被称为莫艾，因为有这个东西这个岛屿极其出名。
14.我们的（生日）聚会针对两到十岁的小孩，它们互动感强，富有创新，因为它们能基于一个主题构建一种戏剧的氛围。
15. 在这里叙述的这种筹备（生日）聚会的计划所带有的最重要的观点在于它能让父母和孩子的关系更加密切。
16.直到有一天他在阿帕斯尔公园碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬意。
17. 戈德是对有机食品感兴趣众多购买者当中的一位，遍及英国的超市依赖更多像他那样的购买者，因为他们要增加有机食品生意。
18. 地下发展的支持者说在地下搞建筑而不是在地上搞建筑是一种利用地球空间的办法。
19. 一般来说，女人相互的友谊基于相互分享情感和支持，但男人间的关系以共同参与社会活动为特征。
20.就大部分而言，男人间的交往在感情上受控制，这与“男子汉气概” 的社会要求是相符合的。
21.一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚姻；而听见一个男人说直到他的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的。
22. 1066年以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的民族。
23. 我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。
24. 当美国人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加“陌生”，因为他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更加不同于英语。
25. 一些公司已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的销售关键，并且在他们的广告宣传中强调这一点。
26. 在他们逗留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功，也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到一份证明，表明他们曾尝试过冒险。
简析：含两个分词短语，关键词state表明。
27. 主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人付得起这种新型服务，换句话说，
上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要因为白领工人人数的增加。
28.你不会等很长时间意味着过不了多久你就会回收你的垃圾。
29. 这些词，是我编造的，只是代表我们不能想到的事物和观念。
30.设想未来有益于现在和将来的几代人。
31.做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。
32.炙热的太阳导致面团面积加倍，酵母使面团的表面摆晃叹息，似乎它在呼吸，它看上去像某种来自外部空间的无名生物。
33. 毕竟，难道这些活泼可爱的孩子们不满足于半天搞普通教育的文化课，半天搞表演、唱歌、舞蹈等舞台简析：反问句式，语气强烈。
34. 爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前赶回家，以便他能出去跑步，却忘记系安全带—这是75%的美国人每天犯的一个错误。
35.这次高峰会是为了纪念尼克松总统访华25周年，尼克松访华是中美关系的转折点。
简析：关键词mark 纪念。
36.很多问题是大学水平，这些小学生能够解答出来。
37. 穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。
38. 目前的问题是，很多人把其实只要付诸努力就能做到的事情看成是做不到的。
39. 她受过重罚，而且有病，可她却这样愉快，这样充满了信心，这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。
40. 如果他们从电视中的束缚中解脱出来，不得不自己安排活动，他们可能会全家驱车去
看日落。
41.我绕到房子的前面，坐在台阶上，哭了一阵之后，我感到阵阵心痛，我的父亲心里肯定也有一点不好受。
42. 先是令人心碎的痛苦，继而是极度的喜悦，从一个极端到另一个极端—变换得实在太快了。

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