现在完成时展览厅
(人教版高三英语下册教学论文) |
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现在完成时展览厅 【简介】现在完成时是初中英语中的语法重点之一,是中考英语中考查动词时态的重点之一,也是同学们学习的难点之一,所以掌握好它是非常重要的。 第一展台【动词结构】 have / has +过去分词 说明:第三人称单数用has,其余都用have;规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同,不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词过去分词表。例如:I have already cleaned my bedroom. Jim has heard from his father twice. 第二展台【句型结构】 肯定句 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其它 否定句 主语 + have / has+ not + 过去分词 + 其它 疑问句及答语 Have / Has + 主语 +过去分词+ 其它? Yes, 主语+have / has. No, 主语+have / has not. 第三展台【信息标志】 现在完成时常有already, yet, ever, never, just, before, since..., for..., these days等信息提示词。 第四展台【用法】 1. 表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例如: -Lucy, have you found your ticket? -Not yet. 2. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。例如: -Do you know Jack well? -Certainly. We have been friends since ten years ago. 同学们,本单元我们开始学习现在完成时,现在完成的构成是:主语+have / has + 动词的过去分词。 你们知道动词的过去分词是如何构成的吗?动词过去分词的构成分两种情况:规则变化和不规则变化。 1. 规则动词的变化 构成法 例词 1.一般直接在词尾加-ed work-worked, open-opened 2.以e 结尾的词直接加-d live-lived, skate-skated 3.以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,改y为i,再加-ed study-studied, hurry-hurried 4.以"元音字母+y"结尾的词,直接加-ed play-played, stay-stayed 5.以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop-stopped, plan-planned, prefer-preferred 2. 不规则动词的变化,需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。 下面说一下规则动词过去分词-ed的读音,只需牢记以下三条规则: 1) 在/t/, /d/后,读/Id/。例如:start-started /`sta:tId/, need-needed /`ni:dId/ 2) 在/p/, /k/, /f/, /t/, /t/, /s/, //, // 等清辅音的后面发/t/。例如:stop-stopped /st pt/, look-looked /lukt/, laugh-laughed /la:ft/, watch-watched /w t t/, fish-fished /fI t/, notice-noticed /`n utIst/ 3) 其它情况下一律发/d/。例如:answer-answered /`a:ns d/, live-lived /lIvd/ 现在完成时专项训练 一、 选择填空。 1. -Where's Mr Zhang? -He ________ London. A. has been to B. has been C. has gone D. has gone to 2. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -________ you ________ your homework yet? A. Do, finish B. Are, finishing C. Did, finish D. Have, finished A. has begun B. has been begun C. has been on D. began 4. -Nice to see you. I ________ you for a long time. -I ________ in Beijing. I've just come back. A. hadn't seen, am B. haven't seen, was C. didn't see, will be D. haven't seen, shall be 5. -____ you ______ a wash yet? -Yes, I ______ a moment ago. A. Had, had, washed B. Did, have, washed C. Have, had, washed D. Have, had, have washed 二、 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. 吉姆还没有完成他的作业,所以他不能和朋友一起出去。 Jim ________ ________ his homework ________, so he ____ ____ out with his friends. 2. 自从1982年以来我就一直在这所学校教书。 I ________ ________ English at this school ________ 1982. 3. --史密斯一家人来中国有三年了吗? --是的。 -______ the Smiths ________ ________China ________three years? -Yes, they ________. 4. --你到哪儿去了? --我去图书馆了。 -Where ______ you ______? -I __ ____ ________ ______ the library. 5. --她父亲入党多久了? --已有二十年了。 -How long ______ her father ______ a Party member? -________twenty years. 参考答案: 一、1-5 DDCBC 二、1. hasn't finished, yet, can't go 2. have taught, since 3. Have, been in, for, have 4. have, been, have been to 5. has, been, For 责任编辑:李芳芳 |
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