Unit 8 Book 2 Language Points
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 教学设计 手机版



重点词语用法
1．before一词引导时间状语从句时的不同译法
连词before引导的时间状语从句在译为汉语时，不能只照字面译为“以前”，必须注意汉语的习惯表达法。因为句子不同，before有各种不同的译法。如：
①I must finish my work before I get home.
我必须在回家以前做完工作。
②Be a pupil before you become a teacher.
先做学生，后做先生。
③I'll do it now before I forget it.
我趁现在还没忘，就要做这件事。
④It was midnight before he returned.
他半夜以后才回来。
⑤It will be long before we meet again.
我们要过好久才会见面。
⑥He arrived there before it began to rain.
他到达那里时太空没有下雨。
2．mouth- to- mouth 是一个合成词，意为“口对口地”
类似的合成词还有：
face－to－face 面对面的
heart－to-heart 贴心的，坦率的
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
hand in hand 手拉手地
arm in arm 臂挽臂地。例如：
①Using the mouth－to－mouth way is the best one.
口对口吹气是最好的方法。
②We will have a face－to- face interview with the advanced worker.
我们将对那位先进工作者进行面对面地采访。
③They had a heart－to－heart discussion about it.
就此事他们进行了坦率的讨论。
3．manage 的用法
manage['m$nidN]vt.，其后多跟不定式作宾语(manage to do sth.)，意为“设法完成(某件困难的事情)”。而 try to do sth. 是设法去做，未必一定成功。而且去做的事情，不一定都是困难的。例如：
①He managed to escape to South America.
(＝He succeeded in escaping to South America.)
他设法逃到了南美洲。
②He tried to escape to South America.
他设法逃往南美洲。(不知成功与否)
③His parents managed to send him to a technical school.(= His parents succeeded in sending him to a technical school.)
他的父母极力把他送进了一所技术学校。
④He managed to pass to message to his boss.
他设法把消息传给了老板。
⑤He tried to pass the message to his boss, but failed.
他试图将消息传给他的老板，但是没传到。
4．have to/must 的用法
情态动词 have to表示客观需要做的事，意思是“必须”，“不得不”。后跟动词原形；而情态动词must表示说话人的主观的看法。又如：
①Oh, I have to wash all my clothes, clean the floor, and keep everything clean and tidy.
噢，我只得洗我所有的衣服，清理地板，而且使一切干净整洁。
②I must be off/leaving now.
现在我必须走啦。
③I must stop and get some sleep.
我必须停下来，睡上一会儿。
④You have to study first aid with a teach; you cannot study it by yourself.
你得跟老师学习急救；你不能自学。
⑤You don't have to remain in bed.
你不必呆在床上。
5．情态动词ought to的用法
1)ought to表义务。
①You don't look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.
你气色不好，应该去瞧大夫。
②You oughtn't to smoke so much.
你不应该抽这么多烟。
③Ought you to smoke so much?
你应该抽这么多烟吗？
2)ought to have done 表示未完成的动作，oughtn't to have done表示已完成的动作。
①You ought to have done something to help him.
你本应该做些事去帮助他。
②You oughtn't to have married her, David. It was a great mistake.
你本不该和她结婚，戴维，那是个大错误。
3)ought to 表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较 must弱。
①Ask John. He ought to know.
问问约翰，他该知道。
②These plants ought to reach maturity after five years.
这些植物五年后就该长成了。
6．breathe & breath
1)breathe 是动词，是“呼吸”的意思。
①People breathe more slowly when they are asleep.
入睡时呼吸比较缓慢。
②He was breathing hard/heavily after racing for the train.
他跑着赶上了火车，吃力地喘着气。
③It is good to breathe fresh country air instead of city smoke.
呼吸乡间新闻空气而不吸入城市烟尘是有益的。
▲注意以下几个习语的意思。
①I can't concentrate with you breathing down my neck.
你这样紧紧叮着我，使我精神无法集中。
②Promise me you won't breathe a word of this to anyone.
答应我别将此事泄漏给任何人。
③The new manager has breathed fresh life into the company.
新经理给公司带来了朝气。
2)breath是名词，也作“呼吸”解。
①You can see people's breath on a cold day.
冷天能看到人们呼出的空气。
②His breath smelt of garlic.
他呼出气中有蒜味。
▲注意以下习语的意思。
①Her smile is a breath of fresh air in this gloomy office.
她的微笑给沉闷的办公室带来生气。
②Religion is the breath of life for her.
宗教对她来说是不可缺少的精神支柱。
③It took us a few minutes to get our breath back after the race.
赛跑后我们用了好几分钟才恢复了正常呼吸。
④The audience held their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.
杂技演员走钢丝时，观众们都屏住了呼吸。
⑤His heart condition makes him short(out) of breath.
他心脏状况不佳使他呼吸急。
⑥He lost his breath in running.
由于奔跑他几乎喘不上气。
7．ask, demand, inquire, question & require
1)ask是一个常用词，表示“问”的意思。
①Did you ask the price of that ten－speed bicycle?
你打听过那辆十速自行车的价钱了吗？
②He asked about his health.
他问及他的健康状况。
2)demand含有强硬，断然的意味。
①I demand that you leave this place at once.
我要求你立即离开此地。
②I'm not just asking, I'm demanding.
我不是请求，我这是命令。
3)inquire 多用于较正式的语体，通常只表示打听消息，寻求答案。
①I have inquired of him whether he could come.
我已经询问过他是否会来。
②He inquired of the girl the way to railway station.
他问那女孩到火车站怎么走。
4)question 常表示一连串问题，有时则有盘问，审问之意。
①The questioning of the prisoner went on for hours.
对那个囚犯的审讯延续了好几个小时。
②He was being asked by the police.
他正受到警方的盘问。
5)require有按照权利来“要求”或“命令”之意。
①Since he was involved in the case, the court required his appearance.
由于他与此案有关，法庭令他出庭。
②His health required that he should go to bed early.
他的健康状况需要他早睡。
8．情态动词 should 的用法。
1)should表义务
①You should do what your parents tell you.
你应该照你父母的话办。
②He should do some work, but he doesn't want to.
他应该做些工作，但是他不想做。
③You shouldn't feel so unhappy over such trifles.
对这种小事，你不应该感到这么不高兴。
④You shouldn't be sitting in the sun.
你不应该坐在阳光下。
2)should 用于第一人称疑问句，表征询意思。
Should I open the window?
我可以开窗户吗？
3)should have done 表示应完成但未完成的动作；
shouldn't have done 表示不应完成但已完成的动作。
①He looks very ill. He should have stayed at home.
他看样子病得很重，本应该待在家里。
②They shouldn't have concealed it from us.
他们本不应该对我们隐瞒这件事。
4)should 也可表推测，暗含很大的可能。
①The film should be very good as it is starring first－class actors.
这部影片是一流演员主演的，可能拍得很好。
②I should know her among a thousand.
她在千百人中，我也会认识她。
5)should 常用于虚拟语气中。
①I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had happened.
我建议你应该待在这儿好像什么事也没有发生。
②Suddenly she began to cry, burying her head under the book so that I shouldn't see.
她突然开始哭起来，把头埋在书里，使我看不见。
③If he should drop in, give him my message.
他如来访，就将此条给他。
6)should用在以why，how开头的疑问句中，表感情色彩。
①Why shouldn't you invite him?
为什么你竟不邀请他。
②I don't see why we shouldn't make friend.
我不明白为什么我们竟不是朋友。
③How should I know?
我怎么会知道？
重要词组短语
1．make sure/ certain 意为“一定要，保证做到，弄清楚”。
例如：
①Make sure you finish it in time.
一定要按时完成。
②They also make sure the cows do not knock them down or eat the leaves.
他们还要确保牛群不会撞倒小树或吃掉树叶。
③I only came to make sure that everything was all right.
我只是来弄清楚是否一切都无问题。
④Make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can't touch them.
确保电线安全，不让孩子们够着。
2．deal with 的意思是“对付”、“应付”、“对待”、“处理”。例如：
①That man is difficult to deal with.
那个人很难对付。
②Teachers should deal fairly with their students.
教师应当公平地对待学生。
③He has the ability to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations.
他具有恰当地对付各种复杂局面的能力。
3．cover… with 意为“用……盖上”。例如：
①Don't cover it with wet cloth.
不要用湿布将它盖上。
②High mountains are covered with white snow all the year round.
高山常年被皑皑的白雪覆盖。
4．save one's life 意为“挽救生命”，其中life 为可数名词，复数形式为 lives，意为“生命”。例如：
①The whole building was destroyed and over 220 people lost their lives in the fire.
整幢大楼被破坏，二百多人丧生。
②We shall always remember those who lost their lives for country.
我们要永远记住那些为国家献出生命的人。
③No lives were lost in that railway accident.
在那次火车事故中，无一人死亡。
5．get close to意为“接近”。例如：
①There were so many people in the street watching the fire that fire fighters could not get close to the building.
大街上有那么多人观看大火，以致消防人员不能接近那座楼房。
②We should not get close to the dangerous wild animals.
我们不应该近危险的野生动物。
6．by mistake 是一个词组，作“错误地”、“无心地(做错了事)”解。例如：
①I am sorry, I took your dictionary by mistake.
很抱歉，我(无心地)拿错了你的字典。
②Please give back my note book which was taken by mistake.
请把误拿的我的笔记本归还给我。
7．throw up是一个短语动词，作“呕吐”解。例如：
①He had eaten something cold, which made him throw up.
他吃了些凉东西，这使得他呕吐起来。
②He had drunk too much, and threw up on the way home.
他喝的酒太多了，回家的路上呕吐起来。
8．pay attention to 意为“注意”。例如：
①That's a problem we Chinese must pay special attention to.
那是我们中国人必须特别注意的问题。
②You should have paid close attention to your spelling and pronunciation.
你本来应该密切注意你的拼写和发音。
③Much attention should be paid to doing it.
做这件事应该注意。
9．knock at, knock down ＆ knock into
1)knock at 是指“敲打门窗”。
①I heard someone knocking at the door.
我听见有人敲门。
②Tom tried knocking at the window.
汤姆试着敲了敲窗户。
2)knock down是指“把……撞倒”。
①He nearly knocked me down at the corner.
在拐角处，他几乎把我撞倒。
②He was knocked down by a car.
他被汽车撞倒了。
3)knock into可指“碰倒，撞上某人”，也可指“偶然碰见”。
①The child knocked into the teacher.
那孩子撞到了老师身上。
②He knocked into the chair in the dark.
黑暗中他撞在了椅子上。
③He didn't expect to knock into some of his friends here.
他没有想到在这儿遇见了一些朋友。
常用句型结构
1．keep+宾语+宾语补足语
keep表示“使继续处于某种状态”，后面接复合宾语，复合宾语中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、动词-ing形式、过去分词、副词或介词短语。例如：
①They lit a fire to keep themselves warm.
他们点了一堆火，以便保暖。
②Sorry to have kept you waiting.
很抱歉，让你久等了。
③We'll keep you informed.
我们将随时让你知道情况。
④The rainstorm kept us indoors.
暴风雨使我们呆在家里。
⑤Once a cold kept him in bed for three days.
有一次，他得了感冒，使他卧床三天。
2．表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气结构
表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句中的谓语动词用过去式(如果是be则不论人称，一律用were)。主句中的谓语动词用“would+v.”。例如：
①If I were invited, I would attend the meeting.
要是我被邀请的话，我就去参加会议了。
②If we knew his telephone number, we would phone him.
要是我们知道他的电话号码的话，我们就会给他打电话了。
③If I had enough food, I would give you some.
如果我有足够的食物，我是会给你一些的。
3．由从属连词while，when， before，after等引导的从句，也可省略主语及助动词，从而构成“从属连词+v-ing形式”。例如：
①He fell asleep while studying his grammar book.
他看着语法书睡着了。
②While talking with Mr White, you are wanted on the telephone.
你正和怀特先生谈论事情时，有人给你打电话。
③When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour.
踢足球或打篮球时，你可能一小时要消耗400卡的热量。
④When walking along the river, he sang a song in English.
沿着河边散步时，他哼着英语歌曲。
⑤After having checked the address carefully, she mailed the letter.
她仔细检查了地址后，才把信邮寄走。
⑥After locking the door, he remembered that he hadn't taken his glasses with him.
他锁上门后，记起来没拿眼镜。
⑦Before leaving for New York, they had stayed in London for several days.
他们在伦敦停留了数日后，又去纽约了。
⑧Before beginning to do our homework, we had listened to the radio half an hour.
在开始做作业之前，我们已经听了半个小时收音机。

·语文课件下载
·语文视频下载
·语文试题下载

·语文备课中心



『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』


【上一篇】【下一篇】   【教师投稿】 
本站管理员：尹瑞文 微信：13958889955