高二牛津第32期B4版 名师在线 (译林牛津版高二英语下册教学论文)
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高二牛津第32期B4版 名师在线
编辑小语：本版将为大家讲解系动词一些用法，并提供了相应的练习和测试题。
Grammar in use 语法运用
系动词（一）
【考点导航】
1. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will_______ fresh for several days. (03全国卷）
A．be stayed B．stay C．be staying D．have stayed
2. My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. (07江苏卷)
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
3. Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. (07湖北卷)
A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay
【答案与解析】
1. B。从四个选项设置中可以看出，本题考查系动词不能使用被动语态的一种情况。一般来说，系动词都是不及物动词。如：look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, remain, stay等不能使用被动语态。所以正确答案是B。
2. D。该题考查系动词基本意思辨析。四个选项均为系动词，但根据句意和结构不难看出stay calm是“保持镇静”的意思。故D为最佳答案。
3. D。此题考查系表结构做动词make宾语补足语的用法。题意为“我父母一直以来都让我对自己感到不错，即使在我12岁的时候”。根据句子意思和feel good表示“感到不错，感到满意，感到自信”的意思，不难选到D。
【重点归纳】
　系动词亦称联系动词（Linking Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
联系动词是中学英语中的重要语法项目,同时,也是历届高考考查的重点和热点。现将联系动词的用法分析归纳如下:
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：
He is a teacher.　他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：
He always kept silent at meeting.　 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter remains a mystery.　 此事仍是一个谜。
3）表象系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：
He looks tired.　 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad.　 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：
　This kind of cloth feels very soft.　 这种布手感很软。
　This flower smells very sweet.　 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如：
　　He became mad after that.　 自那之后，他疯了。
　　She grew rich within a short time.　 她没多长时间就富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：
　　The rumor proved false.　这谣言证实有假。
　　The search proved difficult.　搜查证实很难。
　　His plan turned out a success.　 他的计划终于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果）
Grammar work语法专练
选择最佳答案。
1. The drug __________ (to be) highly effective.
A. turned B. became C. proved D. smelled
2. How sweet the music __________!
A. sounds B. looks C. remains D. is
3. The big soldier __________ there except for his slightly moving lips.
A. kept calm B. stood still C. was quiet D. lay silent
4. This afternoon will be cloudy, __________ clear.
A. feeling B. tasting C. falling D. turning
5. The actress is thirty-five years old, but she __________ a lot younger.
A. looks B. appears C. seems D. feels
6. He __________ pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
A. looked B. appeared C. seemed D. was looked
7. His dream to admitted into Beijing University has __________ true at last.
A. become B. turned C. grown D. come
8. The silk made in Suzhou __________ smooth and soft.
A. is felt B. is touched C. feels D. is feeling
9. Things __________ to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.
A. turned out B. turned C. were proved D. showed
10. Holding the note in his hand，Adam __________ there dumbfounded．
A. remained B. stayed C, kept D. stood
11. Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the party.
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
12. -- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
-- _________ good.
A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds
13. It remains ________ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.
A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
14. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
15. Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated
Grammar quiz语法小测
I. 请用所给的系动词将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 这些橘子吃起很好吃。(taste)

2. ---你喜欢这个材料吗？(feel)
---是的,手感很软。

3. ---你看上去不是很健康，生病了吗？(look)
---不，我只是有点儿累。

4. 这谣言证实有假。(prove)

5. 这个故事听起来是真的。(sound)

6. 他看起来很愉快。(seem)

7. 他头发变得灰白让他忧虑。(turn)

8. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out)

9. 那就是他为什么生病的原因。(fall)

10. Tom 听起来对这个工作很感兴趣，但我不能肯定他是否对付得了。(sound)

II. 根据上下文意思，用适当的系动词填空。
These days I have 1________ blue about how to teach my students the English grammar about linking verb well. Frankly speaking, I always think it 2________ somewhat difficult to make myself understood even though I have taught English for over twenty years. How ridiculous what I say above 3________ to someone! But faced with students, sometimes I 4________ like an ant in hot soup, and don’t know what to do with linking verb, therefore causing me 5________ red-faced. In order to change this embarrassment, I 6________ determined to learn from other teachers as modestly as possible. Only when I 7________ teacher that 8.________ fit for my teaching job can I 9.________ popular with my students and 10.________ self-confident of my career, especially the teaching about linking verb.
本版在线名师：
（特别提示：本版参考答案见下期B3版）
第32期B4版Keys:
语法专练
1-5 CABDB 6-10 ADCAD 11-15 ADBBD
语法小测
I. (One possible version)
1. These oranges taste good.
2. --Do you like the material?
--Yes, it feels very soft.
3. ---You don’t look very well. Are you ill?
---No, I’m just a bit tired.
4. The rumor proved false.
5. This story sounds true.
6. He seems (to be) very cheerful.
7. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.
8. His plan turned out a success.　
9. That's why he fell ill.
10. Tom sounds very much interested in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it．
II. (One possible version)
1. felt 2. seems 3. sounds 4. look 5. to get 6. am 7. turn 8. is 9. be 10. keep


高二牛津第33期B4版 名师在线
编辑小语：本版将为大家讲解系动词的另一种特殊用法及半系动词用法，并提供相应的练习和测试题。
Grammar in use 语法运用
半系动词（二）
【考点导航】
1. –How are you today
--Oh I___________as ill as I do now for a very long time. (2000年高考卷)
A. didn't feel B. wasn't feeling C. don't feel D. haven't felt
2. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If no you may___________run over by a
car. (北京春招2002)
A. have B. get C. become D. turn
3. Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will___________fresh for several days. (2003全
国卷)
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
4. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ____________everything. (2001上海卷)
A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told
【答案与解析】
1. D。像look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 "感官类” 的半系动词通常可以直接搭配形容词或like或as if等结构。此类半系动词一般不使用进行时。
2. B。get, turn, go, come, become, grow, fall, make等都属于 “状态变化类”的半系动词。它们不与过去分词搭配构成系表结构是非常常见的一种搭配形式。它常表示一种状态，不强调动作。
3. B。“保持不变类”的半系动词，如：stay, lie, stand, keep, remain, continue等。此类半系动词后常搭配形容词、副词或不定式结构。
4. D。look, seem, appear等属于“好像似乎类”。tell和she是被动关系，此处用不定式的完成式表示动作先于谓语动词而发生。此三词在英语中使用频繁，请注意它们的区别：(1) appear强调外表给人的印象，有时候含有实质上并非如此之意；seem暗示有一定根据的判断，这种判断往往接近真实；look着重指由视觉得出的印象。(2)Appear和seem后可接不定式to do 而look之后一般不接不定式；appear和seem可用于It appears/seems that…结构中，而look不能；seem和look之后可接as if引导的从句或like引导的介词短语，而appear不能；appear和seem可用于there be句型中，但look不能。
【重点归纳】
　系动词多有自己的意思，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语（名词、形容词，或与之相当的词类、短语、从句）一起构成合成谓语。最常用的系动词为be（是）动词，即完全系动词，另外还有look, turn, feel, get, become, sound, smell, stand, go, make, remain等半系动词。现将半系动词的使用特点归纳如下：
1、所有的半系动词都可接形容词作表语。
The weather is turning / growing / becoming / getting cold.
He often went hungry.
2、能用名词作表语的半系动词有： become, turn, sound, remain, seem 等。
He has become a famous doctor.
He turned traitor to his country.
3、能用不定式作表语的半系动词有：appear, seem, get, prove, remain 等。
She appears / seems to be very young.
He appears / seems to have caught cold.
4、能接从句的有： seem, appear, sound, look 等。
It seems / appears to me that something is wrong.
It sounds to me as if someone were trying to get into the house.
5、能接介词短语的有： feel, look, sound, taste, remain 等。
It sounds like a train going under my room.
The concert remains in my memory.
6、能接分词的有：become, get, grow, seem, appear.
He has become / got / grown / interested in modern physics.
He seems / appears drunk.
【难点点拨】
无论是完全系动词还是半系动词、后面都有表语。由于半系动词是由实意动词变来的，那如何分辨该动词为实意动词还是半系动词呢？这对学英语的中学生来说会感到有点困难，下面用“比较法”和“替换法”，进行尝试。
1．比较法
比较下列各组句子
(1) A．Please look at the blackboard．请看黑板。
B．He looked a perfect fool．他看上去是个十足的傻瓜。
(2) A．Turn to Page 16．翻到 16页。
B．He turned traitor to his country．他背叛了祖国。
A．He felt it his duty to help others．他认为帮助别人是自己的责任。
B．I felt very hungry after a long walk．走了一段长路，我感到很饿。
A. Get me some ink．给我一些墨水。
B. Our motherland is getting stronger and stronger．我们国家变得越来越强大了。
A．Such words do not become a scholar．那样的话不像出自学者之口。
B．Some of the land became covered with water．一些田地覆盖着水。
A．This black key on the piano won't sound．这钢琴上的黑键按下去不响。
B．The story sounds interesting．这故事听起来很有趣。
A. I am sure I smell gas．我肯定闻到了煤气味。
B．The　flowers smell sweet．花朵散发芳香。
A．He was too weak to stand．他太虚弱，不能站立。
B．Holding the note in his hand，he stood there dumbfounded．他拿着钞票，站在那里，目瞪口呆。
A．He goes to school early every morning. 他每天早上很早上学。
B．They went mad．他们发狂了。
A．I remained 3 weeks in Paris．我在巴黎逗留了三周。
B．He never remained satisfied with his success． 他从不满足于自己的成绩。
2．替换法
分析以上10组句子我们不难看出B组动词均为联系动词，因为如果我们把动词 be（是）的适当形式替代B组动词，句子能够成立，后面的成分即是表语。
（1）He was a perfect fool．
（2）He was a traitor to his country.
（3）I was very hungry after a long walk．
（4）Our motherland is stronger and stronger．
（5）Some of the land was covered with water．
（6）The story is interesting．
（7）The flowers are sweet．
（8）Holding the note in his hand，he was there dumbfounded．
（9）They were mad．
（10）He was never satisfied with his success．
反之，如果把 be（是）动词的适当形式替代 A组动词，句子则不能成立，无法解释，A组动词均不为联系动词：
（l）Please be at the blackboard．
（2）Be to Pagel6．
（3）He was if his duty to help others．
（4）Be me some ink．
（5）Such words are not a scholar．
（6）The black key on the piano won't be．
（7）I am sure I am gas．
（8）He was too weak to be．
（9）He is to school early every morning．
（10）I was 3 weeks in Paris．
另外半系动词是由实意动词变来的。所以把含有半系动词的句子改为疑问句时，一定要用助动词。 例如：
1. Do they look tired？
2．Has she got ready？
3．Did it become much more expensive to travel abroad？
不论完全系动词或半系动词，它们都有时态的变化，但有些半系动词从形式上看像是现在进行时，实际上并不表示动作正在进行。而是表示"渐渐"的意思或表示一种感情色彩。
（1）It's getting warmer and warmer．天渐渐暖和起来了。
（2）Are you feeling better now？你现在好点了吗？
因为半系动词本属于不及物动词，所以没有被动语态。
如不能说：* Good medicine is tasted bitter to the mouth．
应说： Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth．良药苦口。
半系动词的教学还是个较困难的问题，但在初学阶段用先比较，再替换的方法，还是能使学生掌握哪些实意动词可充当半联系动词，收到事半功倍的效果。
Grammar work语法专练
选择最佳答案。
1. The story sounds___________.
A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true
2. Those oranges taste__________.
A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well
3. –Are you feeling____________.
--Yes. I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
4. –Do you like the material?
--Yes it___________very well.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
5. –You don't look very__________. Are you ill?
--No I'm just a bit tired.
A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy
6. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____________ whether he was going
in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
7. –How long____________each other before they____________ married
--For about a year.
A. have they known, get B. did they know were going to, get
C. do they know are going to, get D. had they known, got
8. Cleaning women in big cities usually get_____________ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
9. As we joined the big crowd I got____________ from my friends.
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
10. –How are the team playing?
--They are playing well but one of them_____________hurt.
A. got B. gets C. are D. were
Grammar quiz语法小测
I. 请用半系动词fall, seem, appear, sound, go, stand, remain, make, become, grow正确形式完成下列句子。
1. I think he__________a good president so I am going to vote for him.
2. The village___________deserted and not even a dog was to be seen.
3. The engine___________all right to me in fact I think it is running very smoothly.
4. At the age of 18 months, she____________deaf and blind.
5. When they heard the news the group suddenly_____________silent.
6. The noise from the crowd_____________louder and louder.
7. The house will_____________another century.
8. The idea of writing down her memories of him_____________a good one.
9. The news of our trip must______________a secret for a little longer.
10. When he was caught by the police, he_____________crazy and shouted and fought.
本版在线名师：
（特别提示：本版参考答案见下期B3版）
第32期B4版Keys:
语法专练
1-10 DABCBDDCAA
语法小测
I. (One possible version)
1. will make 2. appeared 3. sounds 4. became 5. fell 6. grew 7. stand 8. seemed (seems) 9. remain 10. went
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