阳西一中2009届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（3）备课资料(新课标版英语高三) -- 中学英语教学资源网

阳西一中2009届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（3）备课资料(新课标版英语高三)


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名词性从句（一）名词性从句的种类在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1. 主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句。 That price will go up is certain. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. What surprised us is that he lost in the game. When he will be back depends on the weather. Where we live doesn’t matter. How the pyramids were built was still a mystery. Whatever he did is right. Whoever comes will be welcome. Whichever you want is yours. 名词性从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将从句置于句末。例如：　It is not yet decided who will do that job.　还没决定谁做这项工作。　It remains unknown when they are going to get married.　他们何时结婚依然不明。 It is a pity that you missed the concert. 很遗憾你错过了那场音乐会。 2. 宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句 (位于及物动词，介词和形容词后)。 We hope that you will enjoy your stay here. Tell me why you don’t like school. Don’t ask about what the meeting is for. We are certain that this is true. 动词+ it +从句（ it没有任何意义） I heard it that he had gone abroad. I hate it when people speak with their mouth full. 主语 + 谓语 + 形式宾语it + 宾补 +宾语从句 I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early. I took it for granted that you would stay with us. 3. 表语从句：在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后。 The reason was that he didn’t work hard. New York is no longer what it was ten years ago. That is why he turned me down. The book is where you left it. 4. 同位语从句：在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 He accepted the fact that she would never come back. Do you have any ideas where we can get cheaper secondhand car? (二) 名词性从句的连词引导名词性从句的连接词；引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：　　连接词： that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分）　　连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词： when, where, how, why I. 名词性that-从句 1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。例如：　主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.　他还活着全靠运气。　宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。　表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。　形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。例如：　　 It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.　很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。　　 It's a pity that you should have to leave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。　　用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that…　　　 It is important that…　　 It is obvious that…　　　　 b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…　　　 It is known to all that…　　 It has been decided that…　　 c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that… It is a surprise that…　　　 It is a fact that…　　　　 d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that…　　　　　　 It happens that…　　　 It occurred to me that…　　 II. if, whether引导的名词从句　从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。例如：主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.　他们调查他是否值得信赖。形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。介词宾语： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。 III. 名词性wh-从句由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括what, who, whom,. whose, whoever, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。 1. what用法１）what是连词，what 在从句中充当主语，如：what is needed，从句可充当：主语 What is needed is time. 需要的东西就是时间。表语 This is what is needed. 这就是需要的东西宾语 I don’t know what is needed 我不知道需要什么。２） what是连词，what 在从句中充当宾语，如：what he did，从句可充当：主语 What he did surprised all of us. 他做的事情使所有的人都惊奇。表语 This is what he did. 这就是他做的事情。宾语 I don’t know what he did. 我不知道他做的事情。３）what 是连词，what在从句中充当表语，如：　what water is，从句可充当：主语 What water is is known to us all. 水是什么是大家都知道的。表语 What the little boy want to know is what water is. 小男孩想知道的是水是什么。宾语 Everybody knows what water is. 人人都知道水是什么。 2. who用法　１）who是连词，在从句中充当主语，如：　who broke the window ，从句可充当：主语 Who broke the window is not known yet. 谁打碎了窗户该不知道呢。表语 The problem is who broke the window. 问题是谁打碎了窗户。宾语 I don’t know who broke the window. 我不知道谁打碎了窗户。２）　who是连词，在从句中充当表语，如who he is，从句可充当：主语 Who he is is being looked into. 他是谁正在被调查着。表语 The problem is who he is. 问题是他是谁。宾语 I don’t know who he is. 我不知道他是谁。３）who (whom) 是连词，在从句中充当宾语，如：who (whom) I know 从句可充当：主语 Who I know has nothing to do with you. 我认识谁与你无关。表语 What she wants to know is who(m) I know. 他想知道我认识谁。宾语 She doesn’t want to know who(m) I know. 她不想知道我认识谁。 3. whose用法 whose是连词，在从句中充当定语，如whose pronunciation is the best，从句可充当：主语 Whose pronunciation is the best is an open secret. 谁的语音最好是个公开的秘密。表语 The problem is whose pronunciation is the best. 问题是谁的语音最好。宾语 I don’t know whose pronunciation is the best. 我不知道谁的语音最好。 4. where用法 where是连词，where在从句中充当地点状语，如where he worked 从句可充当：主语 Where he worked is not far from here. 他曾经工作的地方离这儿不远。表语 This is where he worked. 这就是他曾经工作的地方。宾语 I know where he worked. 我知道他曾经在哪儿工作。 5. when 用法 when是连词，when在从句中充当时间状语，如when he came here 从句可充当：主语 When he came is not known to us all. 他什么时间来的我们都不知道。表语 The problem is when he came here. 问题是他什么时间来的。宾语 I know when he came here. 我知道他他什么时间来的。 (三) 名词性从句考点归纳考点之一：考查that 与what e.g. 1. _____we can't get seems better than ______we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 分析：在名词性从句中that 与what 的区别是：that 在名词性从句中不作句子成分，只起连接作用；而 what 在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用，而且充当句子成分。句子的意思是：我们得不到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好。此题考查了两个名词性从句：主语从句和宾语从句，what 在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语。考点之二：考查it 作形式主语或形式宾语 e.g. 2. ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 分析：为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it 作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是that 引导的主语从句往往用it 作形式主语。此句也可以改写为：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 考点之三：考查名词性从句的语序 e.g. 3.The photographs will show you ____. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 分析：名词性从句应用陈述语序；再根据句型what does sb. / sth. look like?, 所以选B. 考点之四：考查whether 与if e.g. 4. ________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 分析：句意为：我们明天是否去野营要看天气而定。whether 与if 的区别是：在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换，但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not 时，常用whether , 而不用 if。 5. What the doctors really doubt is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 分析：句意为：医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。whether 引导的是表语从句。考点之五：考查 whatever, whoever... 与 no matter what / who... e.g. 6. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _______ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 分析：句意为：Sarah 希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。注意：whatever, whoever... 既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；而no matter what / who ...只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除A和D，从句中需要的是主语，所以whomever错。考点之六：考查名词性从句的虚拟语气 e.g. 7. It is necessary that a college student ____at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 分析：句意为：大学生至少掌握一门外语是必要的。 that 引导的主语从句中谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。我们应注意： 1).在句型：1. It is necessary / important / natural / strange, etc. that ... 2. It is a pity / shame / no wonder, etc. that ... 3. It is suggested / requested / proposed / desired, etc. that ... 中，that从句中谓语动词常用虚拟语气"(should) + 动词原形"。 2). 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，这类动词有：suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。 3). 主语是suggestion, proposal, request等表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、决定”等意义的词时，表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) + 动词原形”。 4). 表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、决定”等意义的名词后边的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气"(should) + 动词原形"。 Exercises：一、指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能： 1.Who will write the poem has not been decided yet. 2. Don’t ask about what the meeting is for. 3. I heard it that he had gone abroad. 4. What surprised us is that he lost in the game. 5. Whatever he did is right 6. What he left us was a large sum of money. 7. They kept it quiet that he was dead. 8. Tell me why you don’t like school. 9. He had a feeling that she might not approve of the plan. 10. Whoever comes will be welcome. 11. He wasn’t sure whether he ought to laugh or cry. 12. The book is where you left it. 13. I took it for granted that you would stay with us. 14. We hope that you will enjoy your stay here. 15. When he will be back depends on the weather. 16. We are certain that this is true. 17. He accepted the fact that she would never come back. 18. Where we live doesn’t matter. 19. I have no doubt that you were telling the truth. 20. That is why he turned me down 21. I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early. 22. The reason was that he didn’t work hard. 23. New York is no longer what it was ten years ago. 24. This is where you are wrong. 25. I hate it when people speak with their mouth full. 26. That’s what makes him an excellent conductor. 27. She came to the conclusion that she must act at once 28.I appreciated it very much that he had done me a favor. 29. Our success depends on / upon how well we can cooperate with one another 30. Nobody can explain the mystery why he suddenly disappeared. 二、单项选择 1. His success was because of _____ he had been working hard. A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact 2."Is Mary from New York City?" "I don't know _____." A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from 3. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________. A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected 4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was _____ a new job. A I got B. because of getting C. because I got　　　 D. that I got 5. It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ______. A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did　　　　　 D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know _____. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along 8. These computers are different from ________. A. that we expected 　　　　　　　　 B. what we expected C. which we have expected 　　　　　 D. what we expect 9. He asked me _____ with me. A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure _____ he said is true. A. that　 B. about that　 C. of that　 D. that what 11. When and why he came here _____ yet. A. is not known　 B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12.I wonder how much _____. A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed　　　 D. the watch costs 13. Mary is _____ someone might recognize her. A. afraid of 　　 B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for 14._____ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 15. They came to the conclusion _____ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done 16. Why the explosion occurred was _____ the laboratory attendant had been careless. A. for　 B. because　 C. since　 D. that 17. I don't doubt _____ he'll come. A. that　 B. if　 C. what　 D. whether 18."Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang?" "Well, I forget _____ I was supposed to go to." A. which the room　　B. which room 　　 C. what was the room D. what room was it 19. Output is now six times _____ it was before liberation. A. that B. which C. what D. of which 20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house. Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved _____. A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns　 D. with little she earns 21._____ surprised me most was _____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. A. That...what　 B. What...that 　　 C. That...which D. What...which 22. Do you know _____ ? A. what is this used for 　　　　　 B. what this is used for C. which this is used 　　　　　　 D. that this is used for 23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _____ you have told him. A. that　 B. which　 C. all what　 D. all that 24. Excuse me, would you please tell me _____? A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place 25. Do you happen to know _____? A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his 26. This book will show you _____ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 27. Where do you think _____? A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone 　　 D. was he 28. Do you know ______? A. how many populations there are in the world? B. how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 29. Would you go and see _____ outside? A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet. A. that he would come 　　　　　 B. that he will come C. he will come to see me 　　　　 D. whether he would come 31._____? I think he is Charles. A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is 32. He didn't know which room _____. A. they lived　　　 B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 33. The little boy ate _____ his mother gave him. A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what 34. The city is no longer _____. A. what it is 　　 B. that it used to be 　 C. which it was D. what it used to be 35. My parents used _____ they had to get a new car for me. A. which B. that C. what D. all what 36._____ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good. A. If...do 　　 B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does 37._____ was the idea _____ the wife thought of? A. What...that B. That...what 　　 C. How...why 　 D. Why...how 38. We think it possible _____ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem. A. for 　　　　　 B. that 　　　　　 C. when 　　　　D. how 39.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right. . what that　 B. that what C. that which D. which that 40. I have no idea _____ or not he has finished the work. A. if B. that C. whether D. which 三、改错 1. It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing. 2. All what is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad. 3.What the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry. 4. You can't imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents. 5. That we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 6. What he really means is what he disagrees with us. 7. Whom is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee. 8. When we'll finish translating the book depend on the time. 9. Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. 10. If you come or not is up to you. 11. That is what he likes the place so much. 12. That is that Lu Xun once lived. 13. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday. 14. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us. 15. Can you tell me who is that gentleman? 16. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 17. The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work. 18. Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary. 19. Is this what we met each other two years ago? 20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who he is.. 21.I don't care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not. 22. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says. 23. See to that the children don't catch cold. 24. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all. 25. The boy dived into the water and, after it seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 四、根据汉语用英语完成句子。 1. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______was true. 他偷了一部自行车是真的。 2. The important thing is _______ _______ _______ , but not_______ _______ _______. 重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。 3. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ has not been found. 他出生在何时何地还不知道。 4. The problem is _______ _______ ________ ________ to the little boy. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。 5. She insisted ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ the countryside. 她坚持不被派到农村去。 6. I don’t care about _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 我并不在意你是否有钱。 7. He has made _______ _______ _______ he will not give in. 他清楚地表明他不会屈服。 8. We don’t believe _______ _______ ______ _______ _______ ______. 我们相信他不会赢得这场比赛。 9. Nobody knows _______ _______ _______ _______. 没有人知道他来自哪里 10. I couldn’t understand _______ _______ _______ _______. 我不能理解为什么被拒绝了。 11. _______ _______ _______ _______ all the museums will be reopened soon. 据宣布所有的博物馆将在不久重新开放 12. He insisted that he _______ in good health and _______ _______ _______ to work there. 他坚持认为他身体健康，并且坚持要求被派到那儿去工作 13. _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ should turn off the lights. 无论谁最后离开房间都应该关灯。 14. It is known to us all _______ _______ _______ _______ _______, there is harm. 众所周知，哪儿有污染，哪儿就有伤害。 15. The problem is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 问题在于这部电影是否值得一看。阳西一中2009届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（3）名词性从句参考答案一、指出下列句子中的名词性从句，并说出连词的句法功能： 1. Who will write the poem是主语从句， who 在从句中充当主语 2. what the meeting is for 是宾语从句， what 在从句中充当for的宾语 3. that he had gone abroad. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分 4. What surprised us 是主语从句， what 在从句中充当主语 that he lost in the game. 是表语从句，that 不充当任何成分 5. Whatever he did是主语从句， whatever 在从句中充当宾语 6. What he left us是主语从句，what 在从句中充当宾语 7. that he was dead. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分 8. why you don’t like school是宾语从句， why在从句中充当原因状语 9. that she might not approve of the plan. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分 10. Whoever comes是主语从句， whoever 在从句中充当主语 11. whether he ought to laugh or cry. 是形容词sure 的宾语从句， whether不充当任何成分 12. where you left it. 是表语从句，where在从句中充当地点状语 13. that you would stay with us. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分 14. that you will enjoy your stay here. 是宾语从句， that 不充当任何成分 15. When he will be back是主语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语 16. that this is true是形容词certain 的宾语从句， that不充当任何成分 17 that she would never come back. 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分 18. Where we live 是主语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语 19. that you were telling the truth是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分 20. why he turned me down是表语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语 21. that I have to get up so early. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分 22. that he didn’t work hard. 表语从句，that 不充当任何成分 23. what it was ten years ago. 表语从句，what 在从句中充当表语 24. where you are wrong. 是表语从句, where在从句中充当地点状语 25. when people speak with their mouth full. 是宾语从句，when在从句中充当时间状语 26. what makes him an excellent conductor. 是表语从句, what 在从句中充当主语 27. that she must act at once 是同位语从句，that 不充当任何成分 28. that he had done me a favor. 是宾语从句，that 不充当任何成分 29. how well we can cooperate with one another是宾语从句，how在从句中充当程度状语 30. why he suddenly disappeared是同位语从句，why在从句中充当原因状语二、单项选择 1-5. CDDDB 　　6-10. BABCD 　 11-15. ADCCA 16-20. DABCA 　21-25. BBDDA 26-30. BCDCA 31-35. ABCDC 　 36-40. DABBC　 41-45. CCDDD 46-50. ACBAA 三、改错 1. whether 2. All that ( what ) 3. That 4. how excited they were 5. Whether 6. that 7. Who 8. depends 9. will the house---the house will 10. Whether 11.why 12. where 13. it 14. that 15. who that gentleman is 16. whoever 17. what 18. Why后加what 19. where 20. who it is 21. if; whether 22. whatever 23. it that 24. who which 25. what 四、根据汉语用英语完成句子 1. That he stole a bike 2. what you do what you say 3. Where and when he was born 4. what he has done 5. that she not be sent to 6. whether you have money or not 7. it clear that 8. that he will win the game 9. where he is from 10. why I was refused 11. It is announced that 12. was…should be sent 13. Whoever leaves the room last 14.that where there is pollution 15. whether the film is worth seeing 相关链接：句子和句型专题指导高三句子和句型专题指导		·语文课件下载 ·语文视频下载 ·语文试题下载 ·语文备课中心
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