英语语法误用辨析列举-名词和代词误用辨析 |
||||
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语论文 → 语法专题指导 手机版 | ||||
名词误用辨析 1.中文:我买了两条裤子。 (误)I bought two trousers. (正)I bought two pairs of trousers.(glasses,shoes,trousers,spectacles,scissors,stockings等表示由两个部分合成的字习惯用复数,在表示一(两)条,把,双时,用a pair of,two pairs of等修饰。) 2.中文:他是我最好的朋友之一。 (误)He is one of my best friend. (正)He is one of my best friends.(one of后要接可数名词的复数形式。) 3.中文:动物是人类的朋友。 (误)Animals are men's friends. (正)Animals are man's friends.(用单数的man表示人类。) 4.中文:这是一则好消息。 (误)This is a good news. (正)This is a piece of good news.(表示chalk,music,advice,cloth,meat,news等不可数名词的单一数量用a piece of修饰。) 5.中文:你愿意跟我交朋友吗? (误)Will you make a friend with me? (正)Will you make friends with me?(和某人交朋友用friend的复数形式。) 6.中文:我有太多功课要做。 (误)I have too many homework to do. (正)I have too much homework to do.(homework,work,housework等不可数名词用much修饰。) 7.中文:英语电视怎么说? (误)What's English for 电视? (正)What's the English for 电视?(英语作为学科或语言时不加the;用作特指时加the。) 8.中文:班一家人要搬往伦敦。 (误)The Ben's are going to move to London. (正)The Bens are going to move to London.(the Ben's表示the Ben's house;the Bens表示Ben一家人。) 代词误用辨析 1.中文:伦敦的夏天比我家乡的夏天更热。 (误)London is much hotter in summer than my hometown. (正)It is much hotter in London in summer than in my hometown.(用it代表气候,天气等。) 2.中文:他的书跟我的很不一样。 (误)His book is quite different from me. (正)His book is quite different from mine.(mine = my book,应保持比较的双方性质的一致。) (误)I have important something to tell you. (正)I have something important to tell you.(修饰something,nothing,anything等不定代词时,形容词应放在其后。) 4.中文:每个学生都应该做他自己的功课。 (误)Every student should do their own homework. (正)Every student should do his own homework.(every student是单数,其后的代词也用单数。) 5.中文:我喜欢收到别人的来信,但不愿意写信。 (误)I like to receive letters but do not like to write it. (正)I like to receive letters but do not like to write them.(代词的人称与数应与它代替的名词相同。) 6.中文:孩子们和他都还没有吃晚餐。 (误)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten their supper. (正)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten his supper.(neither...nor是对等相关连词,nor后面的主语决定后面的谓语动词及代词的形式。) 7.中文:布朗太太向她的朋友玛丽和我打招呼。 (误)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and I. (正)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and me.(Mary and me是宾语friends的同位语,因此用宾格形式。) 8.中文:我的两个姊姊都不在这。 (误)None of my two sisters is here. (正)Neither of my two sisters is here.(neither用于两者的否定;none用于三者以上的否定。) 9.中文:他认识我的两个姊姊。 (误)He knows my both sisters. (正)He knows both my sisters.(both用在the,his,my等修饰语之前。) 10.中文:这本书的价格是多少? (误)How much is the price of the book? (正)What is the price of the book?(对价格提问用what,没有price一词时用how much。) 11.中文:我有一本新字典还有几本旧的。 (误)I have a new dictionary and several old one. (正)I have a new dictionary and several old ones.(代替前面提到过的可数名词,复数要用ones。) 12.中文:安迪,保罗和我共唱一首歌。 (误)I, Andy and Paul sang a song together. (正)Andy, Paul and I sang a song together.(有多个主语或宾语时,I或me在最后。) 13.中文:他们很了解我们中国人。 (误)They know our Chinese well. (正)They know us Chinese well.(Chinese为宾语us的同位语。) 14.中文:说好英语不容易。 (误)That is not easy to speak good English. (正)It is not easy to speak good English.(it当形式主语,代替不定式。) 名词误用辨析 1.中文:我买了两条裤子。 (误)I bought two trousers. (正)I bought two pairs of trousers.(glasses,shoes,trousers,spectacles,scissors,stockings等表示由两个部分合成的字习惯用复数,在表示一(两)条,把,双时,用a pair of,two pairs of等修饰。) 2.中文:他是我最好的朋友之一。 (误)He is one of my best friend. 3.中文:动物是人类的朋友。 (误)Animals are men's friends. (正)Animals are man's friends.(用单数的man表示人类。) 4.中文:这是一则好消息。 (误)This is a good news. (正)This is a piece of good news.(表示chalk,music,advice,cloth,meat,news等不可数名词的单一数量用a piece of修饰。) 5.中文:你愿意跟我交朋友吗? (误)Will you make a friend with me? (正)Will you make friends with me?(和某人交朋友用friend的复数形式。) 6.中文:我有太多功课要做。 (误)I have too many homework to do. (正)I have too much homework to do.(homework,work,housework等不可数名词用much修饰。) 7.中文:英语电视怎么说? (误)What's English for 电视? (正)What's the English for 电视?(英语作为学科或语言时不加the;用作特指时加the。) 8.中文:班一家人要搬往伦敦。 (误)The Ben's are going to move to London. (正)The Bens are going to move to London.(the Ben's表示the Ben's house;the Bens表示Ben一家人。) 代词误用辨析 1.中文:伦敦的夏天比我家乡的夏天更热。 (误)London is much hotter in summer than my hometown. (正)It is much hotter in London in summer than in my hometown.(用it代表气候,天气等。) 2.中文:他的书跟我的很不一样。 (误)His book is quite different from me. (正)His book is quite different from mine.(mine = my book,应保持比较的双方性质的一致。) 3.中文:我有件重要的事告诉你。 (误)I have important something to tell you. (正)I have something important to tell you.(修饰something,nothing,anything等不定代词时,形容词应放在其后。) 4.中文:每个学生都应该做他自己的功课。 (误)Every student should do their own homework. (正)Every student should do his own homework.(every student是单数,其后的代词也用单数。) 5.中文:我喜欢收到别人的来信,但不愿意写信。 (误)I like to receive letters but do not like to write it. (正)I like to receive letters but do not like to write them.(代词的人称与数应与它代替的名词相同。) 6.中文:孩子们和他都还没有吃晚餐。 (误)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten their supper. (正)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten his supper.(neither...nor是对等相关连词,nor后面的主语决定后面的谓语动词及代词的形式。) 7.中文:布朗太太向她的朋友玛丽和我打招呼。 (误)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and I. (正)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and me.(Mary and me是宾语friends的同位语,因此用宾格形式。) 8.中文:我的两个姊姊都不在这。 (误)None of my two sisters is here. (正)Neither of my two sisters is here.(neither用于两者的否定;none用于三者以上的否定。) 9.中文:他认识我的两个姊姊。 (误)He knows my both sisters. (正)He knows both my sisters.(both用在the,his,my等修饰语之前。) 10.中文:这本书的价格是多少? (误)How much is the price of the book? (正)What is the price of the book?(对价格提问用what,没有price一词时用how much。) 11.中文:我有一本新字典还有几本旧的。 (误)I have a new dictionary and several old one. (正)I have a new dictionary and several old ones.(代替前面提到过的可数名词,复数要用ones。) 12.中文:安迪,保罗和我共唱一首歌。 (误)I, Andy and Paul sang a song together. (正)Andy, Paul and I sang a song together.(有多个主语或宾语时,I或me在最后。) 13.中文:他们很了解我们中国人。 (误)They know our Chinese well. (正)They know us Chinese well.(Chinese为宾语us的同位语。) 14.中文:说好英语不容易。 (误)That is not easy to speak good English. (正)It is not easy to speak good English.(it当形式主语,代替不定式。) 英语语法误用辨析列举-形容词和冠词误用辨析 形容词级的误用辨析 1.中文:他是两者中较高的。 (误)He is taller of the two. (正)He is the taller of the two.(比较级+of the two,前面要加the。) 2.中文:汤姆是我们学校里最年轻的。 (误)Tom is youngest in our school. (正)Tom is the youngest in our school.(形容词的最高级前面要加the。) 3.中文:他是所有人中最强壮的。 (误)He is the strongest in all. (正)He is the strongest of all.(在同类中最…的,用介词of。) 4.中文:我的房子跟约翰的一样大。 (误)My house is so large as John's. (正)My house is as large as John's.(肯定形式用as+原级形容词+as+主格。) 5.中文:汤姆比我年轻。 (误)Tom is less older than I am. (正)Tom is less old than I am.(less+原级形容词+than。) 6.中文:他是班上个子最高的。 (误)He is taller than any boy in his class. (正)He is taller than any other boy in his class.(使用比较级时,应避免与自己比,any boy包括他自己。) 7.中文:事态每况愈下。 (误)Things go from worse to worse. (正)Things go from bad to worse.(from bad to worse = 每况愈下,越来越糟。) 8.中文:多数人喜爱音乐。 (误)The most people are fond of music. (正)Most people are fond of music.(Most泛指大多数,前面不加the。) 9.中文:他至少遗失了一万元。 (误)He has lost not fewer than ten thousand dollars. (正)He has lost not less than ten thousand dollars.(not less than=more than,at least,表示至少。) 10.中文:他们听得越久,就越不喜欢他。 (误)The longer they listen to him, the little they like him. (正)The longer they listen to him, the less they like him.(the+比较级…,the+比较级…表示两者的同步增长。) 冠词误用辨析 1.中文:她在弹钢琴。 (误)She was playing piano. (正)She was playing the piano.(演奏乐器,如piano,violin,乐器前面要加定冠词the。) 2.中文:孩子们每天早上去上学。 (误)The children go to the school every morning. (正)The children go to school every morning.(go to school是习惯用语,不加the。) 3.中文:她有一头秀发。 (误)She has a beautiful hair. (正)She has beautiful hair.(hair指头发的整体,是不可数名词,前面不加a。) 4.中文:她喜欢看电视。 (误)She likes to watch the TV. (正)She likes to watch TV.(看电视,习惯上TV前不加the。) 5.中文:她在房间里听广播。 (误)She was listening to radio in the room. (正)She was listening to the radio in the room.(听广播,习惯上radio前面加the。) 6.中文:尼罗河是埃及最长的河。 (误)Nile River is the longest river in Egypt. (正)The Nile River is the longest river in Egypt.(在河流,山脉等名称前要用定冠词。) 7.中文:天气不错。 (误)It's a nice weather. (正)It is nice weather.(weather是不可数名词,前面不加a。) 8.中文:下星期再见。 (误)See you again the next week. (正)See you again next week.(next week表示将来;the next week表示过去。) 9.中文:历史是很有趣的学科。 (误)The history is a very interesting subject. (正)History is a very interesting subject.(学科前一般不加冠词。) 10.中文:他乘火车来这里。 (误)He came here by a train. (正)He came here by train.(by后接交通工具,中间不加冠词。) 11.中文:今晚你可以看到满月。 (误)You may see the full moon tonight. (正)You may see a full moon tonight.(月亮,太阳等独一无二的物体,当有形容词修饰时可加a。) 12.中文:她刚才去了保罗街。 (误)She went to the Paul Street just now. (正)She went to Paul Street just now.(街道名称前一般不加the。) 13.中文:连孩子都会做它。 (误)Even child can do it. (正)Even a child can do it.(不定冠词+单数名词表示某类人或物。) 英语语法误用辨析列举-连词和介词误用辨析 连词误用辨析 1.中文:他既不说英语也不说法语。 (误)He neither speaks English nor French. (正)He speaks neither English nor French.(either…or,not only…but also等对等相关连词所连接的部份应是相同词性或起相同作用。) 2.中文:由于今天感觉不适,我决定待在家里。 (误)For I did not feel well today, decided to stay at home. (正)I decided to stay at home for I did not feel well today.(对等连词for连接两个对等的句子时不可放在句首。) 3.中文:不是你错了就是我错了。 (误)Either you or I are wrong. (正)Either you or I am wrong.(在含有either…or的句子中,谓语动词的数由较近的主语决定。) 4.中文:虽然他很富有,但他并不快乐。 (误)Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. (正)Although he is very rich, he is not happy.(though或although放在字句首时,本身就具有虽然…但是的意思,不可和but连用。) 5.中文:我从来没有去过伦敦和巴黎。 (误)I have never been to London and Paris. (正)I have never been to London or Paris.(在否定句中,对等连词一般不用and,而用or。) 6.中文:他向我道歉我才跟他说话。 (误)I shall speak to him until he apologizes. (正)I shan't speak to him until he apologizes.(not…until表示到…时候才,在此句中speak的动作要等到他道歉时才发生。) 7.中文:因为我想学英语,所以我买了一本字典。 (误)Because I wanted to learn English, so I bought a dictionary. (正)Because I wanted to learn English, I bought a dictionary.(because本身就具有因为…所以的意思,不可再和so连用。) 相关链接:语法专题指导
|
·语文课件下载
| |||
『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』 | ||||
【上一篇】【下一篇】 【教师投稿】 |