怎样“花费” (中学英语教学论文)
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新 疆 焉 耆 八 一 中 学 肖 华 （邮编：841100）
1.offer “(买方向卖方)出价”、“（卖方向买方）要价”. 常用于下列句型：
① offer + 间宾 + 直宾（金钱）+ for sth. 向某人出价……买某物
② offer + 间宾 + 直宾 (物) + for money. 向某人索价……卖某物
She offered me $ 25 for that book. 她向我出价25美圆买那本书。
I offered him a house for $ 3,000. 我卖那套房子向他要价三千美圆。
2.charge“索价、要价”，常用于下列句型：
①charge + 间宾 + for (doing) sth. 就某物向某人收费
②charge + 直宾（金钱）+ for(doing) sth. 某物要价多少
③charge +间宾 + 直宾（金钱）+ for(doing) sth. 向某人索取……的费用。
They have charged us for the service.他们已经向我们收了服务费。
How much do you charge for the dictionary？这本词典你要多少钱？
She charged me $ 5 for a cup of coffee. 她一杯咖啡向我要价5美圆。
3.pay “花钱、付钱、还钱”，主语只能是人，宾语可以是人，也可以是物，常用于下列句型：
①pay + 宾语（sb / money）for sth. 对……付款 , 支付给某人货款.
②pay + 间宾 + 直宾(金钱) + for sth. 为了某物付款给某人.
③pay + 间宾 + 直宾(金钱) + to do sth. 付款使某人做某事
④pay for sth. 付某物之款
I paid 200 dollars for the watch.我花了200美圆买了这块表。
we paid him for the meal 我们把餐费付给了他。
He paid me 100 dollars for the old bike.
买这辆旧自行车他付给了我100美圆
He paid his son 5 dollars to wash the car.他付给他儿子5美圆叫他洗车
I have paid for the TV set. 我已经付了那台电视机的款。
4.cost “花费(金钱、时间、劳力)、付代价，要价”主语常是事物名词，不用被动语态，常用于下列句型：
①sth. + cost(s)+ money. 某物值多少钱
②It + cost(s) (+间宾) + 直宾 + to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多少钱
③sth. + 间宾 + 直宾. 某物花费某人多少钱
The jacket costs 100 dollars. 这件夹克衫值100美圆。
How much does it cost to build the building？
修建这座大楼要花费多少钱？
It will cost you 5 dollars to repair the watch.
修理这块表要花费你5美圆。
Such a difficult job costs a lost of time and effort.
这样困难的工作要耗费你很多的时间和心力。
5.buy “买、买入、购买”，主语只能是人，常用于下列句型：
①buy + 间宾 + 直宾（=buy + 直宾 + for + 间宾）.给某人买某物
②buy (+sb) + 直宾 + for + money.（给某人）买某物花多少钱
③buy + 直宾 + 形容词. 以……的情况买
He bought his wife a dress. 他给他太太买了一件衣服。
He bought (me) the bag for twenty dollars.
他花了20美圆（给我）买了这块表。
He bought a used car cheap. 他以便宜的价格买了一部二手车。
6.spend 用于花费“时间或金钱”，主语只能是人，常用于下列句型：
①spend + money + on (for) sth. / to do sth. / (in) doing sth.
②spend + time + on ( in) sth. / (in) doing sth.
He spent a lot of money on (for) books / to buy books/ buying books.
他买书花费了好多钱。
We spent five months on (in)this work/(in) finishing this work.
我们花费了5个月的时间完成了这项工作。
7.take通常指花费“时间”，常用于下列句型
①It takes + 间宾 + 直宾（时间）+ to do sth.
②Sth. takes (+间宾) + 直宾（时间）.
③Doing sth. + takes + 间宾 + 直宾（时间）.
④sb. + takes + 直宾(时间) + to do sth.
我花费了两天的时间完成了这项工作。
It took me two days to finish the task.
=To finish the task took me two days.
=The task took me two days to finish.
=I took two days to finish the task.
Preparing for 2008 Beijing Games will take the Chinese Beijing government almost 7 years
准备中国的2008年奥运会将要花费中国北京政府几乎7年的时间。
针对性练习:
1.He spent as much time as she could ______ his lessons.
A. go over B. going over C.to go over D. went over
2.The seller would _______ the customer five for the coat , but the customer______ four dollars.
A. charged ; offered B. offered ; charged C. charged ; asked D. offered ; cost
3. Though most of my classmates spent 3 hours _____ the distance of eight
kilometers on foot , it took me about 6 hours ______ the same distance.
A. covering , covering B. to cover ; to cover
C. covering ; to cover D. To cover ; covering
4.1)The diner ______ the money for the dinner and went in.
2)The diner ______ the money for the dinner and left.
A. paid B. took C. spent D. cost
5. 1)I _____ 10 dollars on the dictionary published last month .
2)I ______ 10 dollars for the dictionary published last month.
3)The dictionary published last month ______ me 10 dollars.
4)She _____ the dictionary published last month for 10 dollars.
A. bought B. cost C. paid D. spent

Key:1.B 2.A 3.C 4.BA 5.DCBA
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