高三英语第一单元Madame Curie
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科目 英语
年级 高三
文件　high3 unit1.doc
标题 Madame Curie
章节 第一单元
关键词 高三英语第一单元
内容
一、 教法建议
说在前面的话
对高三英语教学与复习的建议
高三英语学习不是通过题海战术再现知识的简单过程，而是教师通过教学和辅导的每个环节帮助全体学生分层次提高整体能力和水平的过程。为此，我们提出以下建议：
1.改变以语法为中心的学习方式，逐步形成以语篇为中心的学习方式。因为以语法为中心的学习方式误导学生死记规则，只重视机械推导，从而忽视语境判断和语篇分析，不利于学生能力的提高。以语篇为中心的学习方式可以引导和帮助学生认识掌握英语语言的特点和习惯，把学生接受、理解、运用语言知识的全过程始终与学习掌握语篇内容紧密结合起来。这样，教师才能帮助学生做到学得生动活泼，运用准确自如，学生听、说、读和写的能力就一定会得到不同程度的提高。
2.要提高对学好高三英语新教材与总复习关系的认识。“SEFC Book 3A”一书从选材和课后练习的编排上可以归纳为以下四个特点：
a)教材内容丰富，信息量大，具有较强的实用性和交际性；
b)阅读文章的单词量明显增加，语篇数量增多，突出体现了《大纲》的精神：“……在提高听，说，读，写能力的同时，侧重提高学生的阅读能力”；
c)每单元第四课和Wb中的书面表达内容比例加大，成段的汉译英增多，为学生提供了语境分析，汉英比较，标准书写的训练机会；
d)每单元第四课后的练习及Wb中的练习对部分词法和句法进行了总结和归纳，是学生培养正确的思维能力，提高分析和判断能力的好内容。
由此可见，“SEFC Book 3A”的教学过程是高三总复习的重要组成部分，切不可盲目突击，草草授完。
3.在教授与学习词汇和句法时，应注意在特定的、实际生活中存在的语境里传(接受)授、掌握词汇，重点注意常用词的实际运用；注意常用句型所适用的具体场合、语境和话题，把传统语法和语境结合起来，真正了解什么功能，什么话题应当用什么句型。
4.教师在创建语境引导学生操练(或学生自我训练)时，
a)要增强语言运用的熟练性，注意提高语言的反映力，提高反映速度，特别应当提高对各种特定语境的反映速度，从而增大在有限时间内的语言信息处理量；
b)提高汉语和英语语言文化差异的分辨能力，培养正确的思维习惯；
c)提高应试技能，强化笔试的基本功训练，有效把握时间，坚持自我完善，学会自学；
d)学会客观的看问题，坚持自我调解，有效地控制心态，不断促使心理良性循环。
总之，英语教学和复习的全过程应该是教师引导和帮助学生通过听，说，读，写四个环节培养正确思维习惯，准确运用所学知识进行交际的过程。(以上建议仅供参考)
【抛砖引玉】

本单元记叙的是在现代物理发展史上做出突出贡献的科学家Madame Curie发现镭的故事。赞扬了Madame Curie不畏艰苦，勇于献身的精神，严肃认真的科学态度以及她无私，坚定，勇敢的品格。
通过本单元的学习，掌握如何创建情境，灵活运用所学英语知识记叙人物，交流看法；学习掌握“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
本单元的能力目标：
1)Lesson 1 对话
a)朗读：语音语调正确，情感适度；
b)运用：套用句型模拟对话；
c)创造：自编对话并表演。
2)Lesson 2-3 Madame Curie
a)理解课文大意，能回答有关问题；
b)能复述课文(群体复述或分角色复述)；
c)背诵并深刻理解有关Madame Curie 思想的那段话(见学后思考)；
d)将课文改写成100—150 words 短文；
e)将课文改写成剧本并参加演出。
(以上能力目标，A四会，B三会，C二会，D一会。)
【指点迷津】
本单元重点知识：
a)单词和词组：effect, post, institute,determination,ray,false,endless,
willing, disappoint, cure, admire, devote to, go over, go by, have...todo with..., succeed in, believe in, work hard at, set off, pay off, give off, in honour of, from then on, above all, heart and soul.
以上单词和词组可通过听对话录音，教师介绍Madame Curie 过程中呈现，然后用问答讨论课文内容等方式再现以上单词和词组加深理解词义，掌握用法，最后用句型转换或补全句子等方法巩固，开发运用。如：以“cure”一词为例：
呈现：Scientistes soon discovered that it could be used as acure for
cancer.(P4 Lesson 2) n.
科学家们发现镭可以用来治疗癌症。
再现：Radium is something that can cure people who are suffering from cancer, isn't
it?
开发：Uncle Li coughed for days. He went to see quite a few doctors, but
him.
(none of them could cure)
以下各句仅供参考：
1.A:Mr.Lin looked unhappy this morning.
B: That's true. He was disappointed at the news that his son failed the exams.
A: I see. That's really disappointing news.
2.After graduation we'll be able to have some other choices besides going to
universities.
3.Motherland, fatherland,nativeland and homeland are the same in meaning.
4.Groundfloor is used in Britain, while firstfloor, in America.
5.His bad health is a great disadvantage to him, for he even cannot spend the weekend
with his family outside.
6.This medicine did not seem to have much effect, for he still coughed after taking
it.
7.The doctor took some X-rays of her, and found she was seriously ill.
8.The girl gave him an admiring look, for she admired his courage and bravery at
the battle.
9.Madame Curie devoted herself to the discovery of radium, which plays an important
role in modern science.
10.The growth of plants has much to do with the climate.
11.Did Jane have anything to do with that quarrel?
12.The bomb could be set off by the slightest touch.
13.We have celebrations on National Day in honour of our motherland.
b)“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句：
呈现：1.On the laboratory bench was a glass container from which came a tiny
soft light. (P3 Lesson 2)
2.In fact, radium not only damaged their health but also made the laboratory
equipment with which they were working radioactive.(P4 Lesson 3)
3.The radium with which she had worked for many years had caused blindness
and illness and finally a disease of the blood.(P4 Lesson 3)
分解：以上三个句子可分别写成简单句，然后再组合成定语从句
1.On the laboratory bench was a glass. From the bench came a tiny soft light.
2.In fact, radium not only damaged their health but also made the laboratory
equipment. They were working with the equipment.
3.The radium had caused blindness and illness and finally a disease of the
blood.
She had worked with the radium for years.
重新组合(与呈现同)这种方式可以不用汉语讲授，用投影仪直接呈现，简单易懂。教师可用这种形式操练，以便巩固。
二、 学海导航
【学法指要】
本单元应掌握的难点知识：
a)在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如何正确选择介词。
一般说来，介词常常与名词、动词、形容词或副词有关，并有许多固定的词组。注意介词的这个特点，便可以正确选择介词。如：
例1 You'll be shown the new library I told you yesterday.
A. to which B. about which C. with which D. in which
答案：B
解析： “tell sb. about sth.”是一个固定的句型，先行词在从句中作“about”一词的宾语，故答案为B。
例2 Old John opened the door and found a large table in the middle of the room
lay a lighted lamp.
A. in which B. on that C. on which D. under which
答案：C
解析：此句的意思是“老约翰推开门发现屋子里有一张大桌子，桌子上放着一盏点燃的灯。”先行词是“table”，介词与“table”有关，在从句中作状语，故答案为C。
注意：在以下两个定语从句中介词不能前置：
例3 Is the book that you are looking for?
例4 She is the girl who(whom, or that)I took for your sister just now.
解析：以上两个句子中的关系代词可以省略，因为先行词在从句中作宾语。但两句中的介词不能前置。因为“look for”和“take for”(误认为)是固定搭配的词组。如果把词组中的两个单词分开，容易造成误解。所以，在动词和介词搭配的词组中，当介词与动词分开时，动词就失去原来的意思，这个词组中的介词就不能前置。这样的词组常见的有：look after, look into(调查)，get in(收获)，take care of, take off, be used to, make use of, take part in等。
b)难句解析：On the laboratory bench was a glass container from which came a tiny soft light.(P3 Lesson 2)
解析：这是一个“介词‘from’＋关系代词‘which’”引导的定语从句。此句又是一个倒装句，主句和从句均倒装。句中的主语分别是“a glass container”和“a tiny soft light”。在主语＋谓语＋介词短语构成的句子中，当介词短语置于句首时，主语和谓语全部倒装。如：
In front of the village stood a huge pine tree.
【妙文赏析】
About Madame Curie
Madame Curie(Marie Curie,1867-1934),the greatest woman scientist, played an important role in the development of modern physics. Her discovery of radium opened the treasure-house of atomic energy. In 1903 Madame Curie and her husband Pierre Curie shared the Nobel Prize for physics. After Pierre Curie's death in 1906,Madame Curie became the first woman professor at the Sorbonne (巴黎大学). In 1911 she was awarded a second Noble Prize, this time for chemistry, for her discovery of radium and polonium. Later she worked on the application of radioactivity to medicine.
Madame Curie fought a continuous battle throughout her life. She was born into a teacher's family. Her father was a teacher of physics,her mother the principal of a primary school. Her interest in science was encouraged by her father. From her early childhood, she loved to study and hoped to become a scientist. After her graduation from middle school at the age of sixteen, she had to make money by giving private lessons at night in order to go abroad to continue her study. In 1891,at the age of twenty-four, she left for Paris and entered Paris University. She lived a simple life and studied very hard. She used to keep on working under the faint light of an oil lamp until the early hours of the morning. She graduated with the highest grades in her class. After graduation she did her scientific research work in Paris University. In 1895,she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist. Pierre joined Marie in her research. Finally they succeeded in 1902.
【思维体操】
1.高三复习时如何进行应试前的自我完善。请参考以下方法：
a)机械记忆与理解记忆相结合完成大纲所规定的知识量(即词法和句法的有关内容)；
b)按高考试题分类进行单项突破训练(即集中时间和精力在一段时间内重点解决一类问题。如，完型填空题的解题思路和答题技巧)；
c)按高考规定的每类题所需时间进行训练，总结查找失误的原因强化知识的准确性，培养正确的思维习惯和应试心理，提高解题速度。
三、 智能显示
【心中有数】
本单元语法重点是定语从句。定语从句是句法中的一种。在历届高考第Ⅰ大题单项填空中句法知识的考查占有一定比例。如：
The weather turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect.(1994)
A. what B. which C. that D. it(答案：B)
解析：这是一个复合句。从内容上看“The weather turned out to be very good”应该是“ was more than we could expect”的主语，因此可以断定此句是非限定定语从句。在非限定定语从句中，关系代词只能用which，答案为B。
【动脑动手】
同步训练(Unit 1)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.—What will you do after g ?
—My parents suggest that I should go to university first.
2.It is a d not to be able to keep the balance of nature.
3.The villagers will carry out their plan with d that they would cover the
desert nearby with green trees.
4.With many factories Shenyang is the centre of i area in Liaoning Province.
5.Jane said she would be w to help us with our English in any way she could.
6.Everyone was s by the sudden earthquake but nobody was killed with the
help of the PLA men.
7.The old man looked very pale, and seemed to have s a great deal.
8.The line of waiting people seemed to be e before the ticket window and
the Smiths had no choice but to stand in line patiently.
9.“Why m water is good for heath?” little Tom asked his mother.
10.In China, many universities have i of education.
Ⅱ.单项选择
11.The result of the experiment was . However, Mr Wang would have a tenth
try.
A. disappointed B. disappointing C.disappointment D. disappoint
12.The first engine invented by Watt smoke and steam when it was started.
A. give out B. sent out C. gave off D. sent off
13.Prof.Black has been working in the forest for years, to the research of wild
plants and animals.
A. devoted B. devoting C. to devote D. and devote
14.The doctor's job is to people who are ill.
A. treat B. tend C. examine D. cure
15.—Never waste anything, but never waste time.
—I ,dad.
A. above all, won't B. first, will C. do, see D. please, don't
16.—Do you what he said?
—Yes, of course. He is an honest boy and I him.
A. believe, believe B. believe in, believe
C. believe, believe in D. believe in, believe in
17.John left his hometown at the age of 15,and he has never been back.
A. since then B. from then on C. from then D. after that time
18.Edison had many before finding the right way and in the end came to
him.
A. failure, success B. failures, success
C. failure, successes D. failures, successes
19.Don't you think what is learned in books what is learned through
experience?
A. has the same deep effect on a student's character as
B. have the same deep result for a student's character as
C. is the same to a student's character as
D. are the same to a student's character
20.Some animals are dying away, the fact that they have been hunted and that
the forests have been seriously destroyed.
A. that has something to do with
B. which has much to do with
C. and has a lot to do with
D. what is something to do with
Ⅲ.短文改错
Madame Curie was the discover of radium. Her husband, 21.
Pierre Curie, joined him in the search for this element. 22.
They believed that something in the nature which gave 23.
out radiation. The Curie set up their laboratory in an old 24.
building. Its walls and roof were made of the wood and 25.
glass. It was cold in winter and hot in summer. Water 26.
dripped from the ceiling on rain days. But in this 27.
uncomfortable shed the Curies took four very years. 28.
They were happiest years of their lives. For it was 29.
here where they finally discovered radium in the year 30.
of 1902,which opened the treasure-house of atomicenergy.
【创新园地】
Madame Curie 曾经这样描述她的思想，“Life is not easy for any of us. We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work hard at it until we succeed.”正像她描述的那样，Madame Curie自信，坚定，不畏困难，终于找到了她的“something”并且取得了成功，为此，她付出了巨大的代价——孩子和生命。
组织学生讨论并用英语谈谈感受。可以提出以下问题：
1)Will you give us an example to show that life is not easy but we must work?
2)Do you believe in yourself all the time? Give an example.
3)Do you believe that each one of us is able to do something well?
4)Have you found this something yours? What is it?
这些问题不同层次的学生都能回答，是开发运用英语的好机会。
参考答案
1.graduation 2.disadvantage 3.determination 4.industrial 5.willing 6.shocked 7.suffered 8.endless 9.mineral 10.institutions 11-15.BCADA 16-20.CADAB 21.discover—discoverer 22.him—her 23.the nature—nature 24.Curie—Curies 25.the wood—wood 26. 27.rain—rainy 28.took—spent 29.happiest—the happiest 30.where—that

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