2012届高考英语顶尖学案:新课标人教版Unit 5 First aid 急救(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计) |
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核心词汇 1.Everybody was informed that his wedding ____________(典礼)would be held in the beautiful park next Sunday. 2.As we all know,a fever is a ____________(症状) of illness. 3.Due to lack of ____________(治疗),some patients rescued from the ruins died soon. 4. The difficulty is __________(临时的)so we should be optimistic. 5.The burning plastic gave off ____________(有毒的)gas,which is harmful to our health. 6.He was ____________(受伤)seriously,which caused him to be absent from the 2010 World Cup. 7.The biggest problem I have to face is the language ____________(障碍)when I go abroad. 8.He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and an ____________(救护车)arrived. 9.It was ____________ of the young man to go into the burning building to rescue the little boy.He showed great ____________ in the face of danger,which was why I admired him so much.(bravely) 10.用press的适当形式填空 (1)Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their __________,some people drink alcohol. (2)He ____________ the button and the doorbell rang. 1.ceremony 2.symptom 3.treatment 4.temporary 5.poisonous 6.injured 7.barrier 8.ambulance 9.brave;bravery 10.(1)pressure (2)pressed 高频短语 1.________________ 急救 2.________________ 生病 3.________________ 阻止…… 4.________________ 烧伤 5.________________ 触电;电休克 6.________________ 榨出;挤出 7.________________ 反复;多次 8.________________ 在适当的位置;适当 9.________________ 若干;许多 10.________________ 找到 11.________________ 区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用 1.first aid 2.fall ill 3.prevent...from... 4.get burned 5.electric shock 6.squeeze out 7.over and over again 8.in place 9.a number of 10.put one’s hands on 11.make a difference 重点句式 1.Remove clothing using scissors ____________________ it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。 2.John ____________________ in his room ________ he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。 3.____________________ John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________ saved Ms Slade’s life. 正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。 4.____________________ John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,使得斯莱德女士得救了。 5.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can ____________________.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 知识详解 1aid n.& vt. 帮助;援助;资助 (回归课本P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。 [归纳拓展] ①(牛津P42)This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer. 这项工作不用计算机是不行的。 ②(牛津P42)One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid(=helped him). 一名工作人员见他有困难,便过来帮忙。 [例句探源] ③We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in Sichuan Earthquake. 我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。 ④I aided the poor girl in continuing her study. 我帮助这可怜的女孩继续她的学业。 [即境活用] 1.完成句子 (1)在英语老师的帮助下,这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。 ________ ________ ________ ________ our English teacher,we have made great progress this term. 答案:With the aid of (2)当我身陷困境时,我所有的朋友都来帮助我。 When I was in trouble,all my friends ________ ________ ________ ________. 答案:came to my aid 2vital adj. 至关重要的;生死攸关的 (回归课本P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. 如果是二度或者三度烧伤,至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。 [归纳拓展] ①(牛津P2248)It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are selfemployed. 干个体记账要准确是十分重要的。 ②(牛津P2248)Reading is of vital importance in language learning. 阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 ③Consideration for other people is vital to all of us. 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。 [例句探源] 2.完成句子 (1)依我看来,理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。 As far as I’m concerned,Richard ________ ________ ________the team’s success. 答案:is vital to (2)我们应立即开始手术,因为这是生死攸关的。 It’s vital that we ________ ________the operation immediately. 答案:(should) carry out [即境活用] 3treat vt.& vi. 治疗;对待;款待 n. 款待;招待 (回归课本P38)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands. 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。 [归纳拓展] ①(牛津P2154)I decided to treat his remark as a joke. 我决定把他的话当作戏言。 ②(天津高考)We treated each other as brothers and sisters. 我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。 ③(牛津P2154)Don’t worry about the cost-I’ll treat you. 别担心费用,我请客。 [例句探源] ④He is seriously ill,and is being treated in hospital now. 他病得很重,现在在医院接受治疗。 ⑤Let’s go out for dinner-my treat this time. 咱们出去吃饭吧!——这次我请客。 3.Although her relatives didn’t think she could live for three months,the old doctor finally ________ her of her disease. A.cured B.operated C.treated D.served 解析:选A。cure sb.of a disease治愈某人的病,还可以表达为cure sb.或cure the disease。treat sb.for a disease治疗某人的病。 [即境活用] 4apply v. 应用;运用;申请;请求 (回归课本P38)He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 他使劲地按住伤口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救护车的到来。 [归纳拓展] ①(朗文P82)I applied to four colleges and was accepted by all of them. 我申请了4所大学,全都录取了我。 ②I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company. 我想申请成为你们公司的助理。 [例句探源] ③I have been out of work for half a year,so I want to apply for a job in this company. 我已经失业半年了,所以想在这家公司申请一份工作。 ④What you said doesn’t apply to me. 4.(2009年高考浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they________very easily to new environments. A.adapt B.appeal C.attach D.apply 解析:选A。句意:作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语,意为“适应”。 [即境活用] 5.—What should I do? —Clean the wound and ________ the medicine to it. A.apply B.devote C.Pour D.squeeze 解析:选A。由Clean the wound及the medicine可知应该敷(apply)药。devote奉献;pour倒;squeeze挤。 5in place 在适当的位置;适当 (回归课本P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape. 用胶布把绷带固定。 [归纳拓展] ①(牛津P1507)All the arrangements are now in place for their visit. 他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。 ②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place. 只要你保证把书放回原处,书架上的书你可以随意看。 ③(牛津P1507)I felt completely out of place among all these successful people. 夹在这些事业有成的人中间,我觉得格格不入。 [例句探源] 6.用place的短语填空: (1)Don’t take anything away.Father likes everything to be ____________. 答案:in place (2)Sending email has almost ____________ writing letters. 答案:taken the place of (3)If I had been ____________,I might have accepted the invitation. 答案:in your place [即境活用] 6make a difference 区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用 (回归课本P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 [归纳拓展] ①(牛津P553)Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。 ②(牛津P553)I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is. 我认为颜色无关紧要。 ③It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference. 重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。 [例句探源] ④The twins are so alike,it’s difficult to tell the difference. 这对双胞胎长得太像了,很难分出谁是谁。 [即境活用] 7.完成句子 (1)现在他们非常需要帮助,因此你的帮助当然意义重大。 They are now in great need of help.So your support will certainly ________ ________ ________. 答案:make a difference (2)她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗? Does it ________ ________ ________ ________she will come to our party? 答案:make any difference whether (3)生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同。 There are many ________ ________living in a big city ________ living in the countryside. 答案:differences between;and 句型梳理 1【教材原句】 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(P34) 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。 【句法分析】 (1)unless是连词,意为“除非,如果不”,引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句,从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。 ①(牛津P2207)Unless something unexpected happens,I’ll see you tomorrow. 如果不出意外,我明天去看你。 ②(2009年高考四川卷)Owen wouldn’t eat anything unless he cooked it himself. 欧文只吃他自己做的饭菜。 ③We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold. 除非下雨或天很冷,我们将在本周日去公园野餐。 (2)stick to a.粘在……之上 ④A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe. 一片口香糖粘在了我的鞋上。 b.坚持 ⑤He always sticks to his promise.他总是坚守自己的诺言。 ⑥If you stick to the truth,you’ve nothing to fear. 你要是坚持真理就可以无所畏惧。 8.(2010年高考课标全国卷)The little boy won’t go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story. A.or B.unless C.but D.whether 解析:选B。句意:除非妈妈给他讲故事,否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者,否则;unless除非;but但,除……之外;whether是否。根据语境可知,这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。 [即境活用] 9.Once a decision has been made,all of us should ________ it. A.direct to B.stick to C.lead to D.refer to 解析:选B。stick to坚持;lead to导致;refer to参考,查阅。句意:一旦做出决定,我们都应该坚持它。 2【教材原句】 If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible.(P35) 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部,尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。 【句法分析】 if possible如果可能的话,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式,相当于if it is possible。 ①If possible,we’d like a table in a private room. 如果可能的话,我们希望要一张包间的餐桌。 ②If possible,try to speak English as often as you can. 如果可能的话,尽可能经常地讲英语。 [归纳拓展] ③Will you be free this evening?If so,let’s go to the concert together. 你今晚有空吗?如果有,我们一起去听音乐会吧。 ④Is anybody feeling cold?If not,let’s open the windows. 有人感到冷吗?如果没有的话,我们把窗户打开。 ⑤If necessary,I will go there myself. 如果必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。 10.—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? —Yes,________,I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city. A.if ever B.if busy C.if anything D.if possible 解析:选D。句意:有的,如果有可能的话我想去拜访城市的养老院。 [即境活用] 11.—I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. —________,we should go and see her immediately. A.If so B.When necessary C.On condition that D.Believe it or not 解析:选A。考查省略。句意:——我听说Alice在事故中受伤严重,并且被送进了医院。——如果是那样的话,我们应该马上去看她。If so表示“如果这(那)样的话……”;When necessary表示“有必要时……”;On condition that表示“如果……”;Believe it or not表示“信不信由你”。根据语意可知选A项。 3【教材原句】 John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38) 约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。 【句法分析】 when在此句中意为“这时,突然”,相当于at this/that time,常用于以下结构中: be doing...when...正在……这时…… be about to do...when...正打算做……这时…… be just going to do...when...正要……这时…… had just done...when...刚做了……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时…… ①We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。 ②We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题,这时停电了。 ③I was on the point of calling him when he came in. 我正要给他打电话,这时他进来了。 12.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry________she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet. A.while B.when C.before D.after 解析:选B。句意:她猛地睁开眼睛,刚要哭,这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型,其中的when为并列连词,相当于and at that time。 [即境活用] 13.—Where’s that report? —I brought it to you________you were in Mr.Black’s office yesterday. A.if B.when C.because D.before 解析:选B。句意:“那份报告在哪里?”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据句意判断,此处应为时间状语,故选when。 14.There were some chairs left over ________ everyone had sat down. A.when B.until C.that D.where 解析:选A。句意:虽然所有人都坐下了,但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。 作文指导 应用文(例:书信类) 【体裁导航】 英文书信一般分为商业信函(Business Letters)和私人书信(Personal Letters)两种,而高考书面表达一般都是要求写私人书信。英文书信格式与中文书信格式有许多不同,它包括五部分,即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名,具体如下: 1.信头:寄信人的地址和写信日期,写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同,要从小到大;日期的写法也与中文不同,不是写在签名之下,而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达,即月、日、年,月、日与年之间用逗号隔开,月份尽量不要缩写,如June 8,2007;而英式英语表达则为日、月、年,中间不用逗号隔开,如8 June 2007。 2.称呼:自成一行,顶格写。称呼语常用:Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob,称呼之后一般用逗号。 3.正文:信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行,与Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分,即开头、目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用:Thank you for your last letter asking about...;I’m glad to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分,常常另起一行,常用的结尾有:I’m looking forward to your reply;Thanks and all the best;Best wishes;Wishing you a pleasant journey。 4.结束语:结束语与正文的结尾语不一样,它要写在结尾语的下一行,位于书信的右下角,后面用逗号。常用的结束语有:Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly;Sincerely/Truly yours;Yours等。 5.签名:签名写在结束语的下一行,与结束语对齐,也就是签上写信人的名字。 一封正规的私人书信格式如下: Dear David, I’ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【写作示例】 假设你叫李平,你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该公司经理写一封求职信,你的个人资料如下: 姓名 李平 性别 男 年龄 30岁 毕业学校 北京师范大学 身体状况 健康 身高 1.80米 工作经历 2000年至2003年 任教于南通中学 2003年至现在 任教于苏州中学 特长技能 精通英语,尤其是口语,曾将多本中文书籍译成英语。 业余爱好 游泳、唱歌、跳舞 联系电话 0512-8765432 联系地址 苏州市人民路1号 要求:1.根据上述要点,写一封求职信; 2.要点齐全,行文连贯; 3.词数:150左右。 【写作要领】 求职信属于公务信函,格式和用词比较正规。 信的内容可分为三部分:一、 写信目的;二、自我介绍;三、要求与愿望。第一部分(第1段)为信的开头,直截了当地提出想要应聘英语翻译一职,并表示出诚意。第二部分(第2段和第3段)为自我介绍,详细说明自己的基本状况、学历、工作经历、特长、爱好等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度,语言简明扼要,突出介绍自己的优点,与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求,巧用词语,勇敢地说服对方:此职位非你莫属。 第三部分(第4段和第5段)再次表明自己申请该工作的诚意,并可提出要求进一步联系的途径,如留下电话号码或联系地址,还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。另外,信的结尾处应表达一下希望尽快答复的心愿。 注意:此文用第一人称来写,主体时态用一般现在时。 【金点模板】 Dear____________, I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in______________(报纸名称)of____________(广告发布时间). /I am applying for the position of________________(想申请的职务) advertised in________________. I majored in________________(专业). My training in________________(接受过的培训) definitely meets your qualifications. My complete resume is attached. I will graduate on________________(毕业时间)from________________(毕业院校). In addition to the required courses of my major, I have________________(除专业外,选修的课程). I also have some experience in____________(曾有过的社会工作经验). You will find me to be________________(请对方对自己有信心). May I have a personal interview at your convenience? I can be reached by telephone. / If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at________________(电话号码). Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 【范文点评】 Dear manager, ①I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.②I’m interested in this job very much because I have been dreaming of being a translator. Now I’d like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ping.I’m a young man of 30, 180 cm tall and healthy.In my spare time I enjoy swimming, dancing and singing. ③After graduation from Beijing Normal University in 2000 as one of the most excellent students, I went to work as an English teacher in Nantong High School for three years.Since 2003, I’ve been working in Suzhou High School. ④During my teaching career, I have made a lot of friends in various fields and developed profound friendship with each other.I’m proficient in English and I’ve translated many Chinese books into English.⑤My spoken English is especially good and my foreign friends often praise me for my accent. ⑥I do hope that my qualifications and experiences meet your demands.If so, please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou City.My phone number is 05128765432. ⑦I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours truly, Li Ping 点评: ①I learned from the newspaper交代信息来源。 ②dream of doing sth.用得恰到好处,表明求职的诚意。 ③该处as one of the most excellent students突出自己的优势;after引出时间状语,使句式更多样化。 ④介绍个人工作经历,并根据所申请工作的特点,突出自己善于交际的能力。 ⑤通过适当地添加细节,说明自己擅长英语口语。 ⑥用助动词do表强调,充分表现出想得到这份工作的急迫心情。 ⑦以书信中的常用句式收尾,规范得体。 【类题尝试】 阅读下面一则广告,按要求完成写作任务。 EIL International English Summer Camp Volunteer Wanted EIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international understanding “Learn to live together by living together”. Requirements:Over 16;good knowledge of English;outgoing;working well with children between 7~12 Activities:Language study, outdoor recreation and travel Campers :Students from different countries Campsite: Mount Wuyi, Fujian Time: July 26~August 9 Application deadline: July 15, 2010 If interested, please e¬mail to info@ eiluk.org 假设你是李华,这则广告引起了你的兴趣,请用英文写一封自荐信。要点如下: 1.对夏令营主题的理解; 2.根据招聘要求自我介绍; 3.参加夏令营的目的。 注意:1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数; 2.词数100左右。 Dear Sir, I’m Li Hua from Fujian.______________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ I am looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours, Li Hua One possible version: Dear Sir, I’m Li Hua from Fujian.When I was reading the advertisement, the aim of this activity impressed me greatly.I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together.It is a good opportunity for the only child like me to learn to share and work together.Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation. As a boy of 17, I am outgoing, good at English and have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of winwin activity.For one thing, I can help take care of the children.For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation. I am looking forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours, Li Hua (小周) |
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