虚拟语气用法简介
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虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事条件状语从句分类
一 . 条件句
　　1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：
　　从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were) 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do
　　2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.
　　如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
　　2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
　　从句：If 主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done　
　　1． If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。　
　　3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
①if+主语+were to do 主句：①主语+should/would/could/might+do
　　②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do　
　　③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do　
　　1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
　　如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）
　　2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.
　　如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小）
　　3．If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.
　　如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小）
　　4、 有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。
　　①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
　　If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.
　　If they had informed us,we would not come here now.
　　②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
　　　If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.
　　5、 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。eg：
Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.
Were she here,she would agree with us.
　　6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without…，but for…等
　　But for his help,we would be working now.
　　Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.
二.wish 后宾语从句
　　a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式
　　eg. I wish I had your brains.
　　b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done
　　eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.
　　(注：if only引导的感叹句和as if/as though引导的状语从句也有相同用法）
三.目的状语从句
　　1、在for fear that,in case,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should + do。并且 should能省略
　　She examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in.
　　He started out earlier lest he (should) be late.
四. 其他用法
　　1、一想要(desire一宁愿(prefer)一坚持（insist）二命令(order. command)三建议(advise. suggest. propose/recommend)四要求(demand. require. request. ask)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用："should + do"。should可以省略。eg：
　　He suggestedthat we (should) take the teacher's advice.
　　He insisted that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
　　He demand that we (should) take the teacher's advice.
　　He orderedthat we (should) take the teacher's advice.
　　insist意为“坚持某种动作”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持某种观点，某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。 He insists he is a student.
　　　　suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。
　　His face suggests that he looks worried .
　　2、表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如：necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity ,the shame ,no wander等。
　　句型：It is.......that +主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用should+原型 或只用动词原型。
　　eg:
　　It is strange that such a person should be our friend.
　　3、 在even if,even though 所引导的让步状语从句中用may/might+动词原形，may/might可以省略，表示与现在相反的情况；从句用过去完成时，表示与过去相反的情况，类似的词有though/even though/whatever/however/so long as; 主句、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同。
　　Even if he were here himself,he should not know what to do.
　　Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here.
　　
　
　　5、一般would rather,had rather,would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：
过去 had + done　 现在 过去时(be 用were )
将来 过去时(be 用were ) （would rather将来情况用一般过去时）
　　I'd rather you had seen the film yesterday.
　　I'd rather you were here now.
　　We'd rather you went here tomorrow.
　　　6、虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中，表示：“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + do（优先使用动词过去式），即从句用虚拟过去式。
　　It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school.
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