虚拟语气 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习) |
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虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的。 一.在非真实条件句中 虚拟条件句(if从句) 主句 与现在事实 相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/ should + do 与过去事实 相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/should + have done 与将来事实 相反 ①主语 + did ②主语 +were to do ③主语 + should do 主语 + would/could/might/should + do 1 If I were you, I would buy it. 2 If she knew English, she would ask me for help now. 3 If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train yesterday. 注意:错综时间条件句:从句和主句发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。 5 If you had followed my advice (听从)yesterday, you would be better now. 6 If they had studied hard in the past, they would do it easily now. 二 省略if的情况: 虚拟条件句中含were , should, had 时,可省略if,把这几个词置于句首。 1 Were I you, I wouldn’t do that. (be) 2. Had you come earlier, you would have seen him. 3. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 三 含蓄条件句 :使用with, without, but, or,or else, otherwise, but for(= if it were not for…与现在事实相反;if it had not been for…与过去事实相反)等代条件句。 1 We couldn’t have succeeded without your help.(没有你的帮助) 2 But for the rain(要不是) we would have finished the work. 但是: If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. C A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. mightn’t 四 常用虚拟语气的句型 (一) 在下列句型中,常用“should + 动词原形”且should可以省略: 1 表示要求,建议,命令,提议,意愿等的主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句中。 一坚持insist; 二命令order, command; 三建议suggest, advise,propose; 四要求demand,require,request,ask等后。 注意:当suggest作__________讲,insist作_________讲,后边that从句不用虚拟语气。 2 在It is + 形容词(necessary, natural, strange, etc. ) + that从句中。 在It is/was a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc. ) + that从句中。 1)We all agreed to his suggestion(that)we (should abandon the plan. 放弃那个计划. 2) It is suggested that the meeting should be put off next week.(被推迟) 3) It’s necessary/important/natural that we_______________________每天打扫房间. 但是1) Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. (从未偷过) 2) The look on his face suggested that he was angry. 但是: It is(high/about)time(that)sb.did sth /should do sth Eg: It is high time we started / should start. 动身出发 (二) 用动词的过去式表示与现在事实(或将来事实)相反,用动词的过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的句型。 1).wish后that引导的宾语从句中。(表示对将来的设想,用could/would/might+v.) 2).as if(though)引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中。 3).would rather后的宾语从句中。 4).If only引导的感叹句中。 1 I wish I _______________________. 和你一样聪明。 2 I wish he ______________________ tomorrow. 再次尝试 3 He looks as if/though he ____________________. 他是一个艺术家 4 I’d rather you _________________ there yesterday. 不去 5 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _______________ (follow) your advice. |
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