| 新概念英语第一册备课笔记(中)lesson57-103 |
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Lesson 57 An unusual day [词汇]（3） o'clock adv. 点钟 shop n. 商店 moment n. 片刻，瞬间 ★o'clock adv. 点钟 what’s the time?/ What time is it? 1、 整点：It’s … o’clock. 2、几点过几分：It’s 分钟 past 点钟. 或 It’s 点钟 分钟. 在某个钟点的1到30分钟内，用past表示。 It’s eight past three. It’s six ten. 3、半点之后：It’s 分钟 to 点钟. 时间是在某个钟点的31分到下一个整点，常用介词to。 It’s twenty to seven. 以上两种情况也可用直接读出钟点和分钟的方式来表达。 4、半点：It’s half past 点钟. It’s half past ten. 5、一刻钟 ① 几点15分：a quarter past 点钟 ② 几点45分：a quarter to 点钟 表示在什么时间通常都需用介词at。 [语法] 一般现在时与现在进行时 一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的动作，表示永久的情况；现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作，动作还没有完成，表示暂时的情况。 有些动词（如like，want，know等）不是动作动词，不能用进行时态。 一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作，通常与时间频度副词连用，如usually，always，often，sometimes，never等；现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，一般与now，at the moment，today，this afternoon，this evening，tonight等连用。 [课文] It is eight o'clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot. It is ten o'clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops. It is four o'clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room. But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden. It is six o'clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. At the moment, they are playing in the garden. It is nine o'clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night. But he's not reading his newspaper tonight. At the moment, he's reading an interesting book. Lesson 59 Is that all? [词汇]（8） envelope [] n.信封 writing paper 信纸 shop assistant 售货员 size n. 尺寸，尺码，大小 pad n. 信笺簿 （可数） glue n. 胶水 （不可数） chalk n. 粉笔 （不可数） change n. 零钱，找给的钱 ★writing paper 信纸 paper （论文）/ newspaper 中的 paper 是可数的 writing paper 是不可数的（a piece of paper，a sheet of paper） ★size n. 尺寸，尺码，大小 ① n.（衣服、鞋、帽等的）尺码，号 special size 特大号 large size 大号 medium size中号（均码） ② n.（尺寸、体积、规模、身材等的）大小；（数量）多少 There are houses of all sizes in that town. We have chosen some boys all of the same size. ★glue n. 胶水 （不可数） a bottle of glue ★chalk n. 粉笔 （不可数） a piece of chalk a box of chalk/ a large box of chalk /small boxes ★change n. 零钱，找给的钱 ① n. 找头；零钱 I have no change about me. ② n. 变化；转换 Roast beef is a welcome change from the usual tasteless food. 烤牛肉与平素无味的饭菜比起来实在是一种让人欣喜的变化. Let’s go to a French restaurant for a change. 咱们去家法国餐馆吧,换换口味. [语法] have/has的用法 1、当 have 表示“拥有、具有”这个概念的时候，其否定形式和疑问形式各有两种。 这种情况，可以在 have/has 后直接加not, 也可以象普通动词那样，借助一般现在时助动词 do/does 来表示否定和疑问。 I haven't a sister. / I don't have a sister. Have you a sister? / Do you have a sister? have当“拥有”讲时，可用于所有一般时态，却不能用于进行时态。 2、当have表示行为动作的时候，不可以在have/has后直接加not，而要借助一般现在时助动词do/does来表示否定和疑问。have作实义动词时可以用于各种时态。 I have my lunch at twelve every day. I don't have my lunch at twelve every day. Do you have your lunch at twelve every day? have/has 实义动词，有时可以代替一些普通动词，如吃、喝、跳、游泳等 eat one's lunch/have one's lunch；take/have some medicine；have a swim；have a chat(talk/walk)；have a rest；have/ take a break；have a cup of coffee；eat one's lunch/have one's lunch 3、have可以作为助动词，其一，用于现在完成时。其二，没有实际意义。 have/has/haven't/hasn't. I have been to H.K.. She has been to U.S.A.. 4、have（have got）常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词连用。 ① 有的前面要加不定冠词，有些可加可不加不定冠词 have a cold；have (a) backache/tomach ache/toothache ② 复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠，如measles（麻疹），mumps（流行性腮腺炎），shingles（带子状疱疹） Most children are in bed with mumps. ③ 被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词，如flu（流行性感冒），gout（痛风），hepatitis（肝炎） I was in bed with flu for ten days. the也可以与flu，measles和mumps等词连用 He’s got the flu/the measles/the mumps. [课文] LADY: I want some envelopes, please. SHOP ASSISTANT: Do you want the large size or the small size? LADY: The large size, please. Do you have any writing paper? SHOP ASSISTANT: Yes, we do. I don't have any small pads. I only have large one. Do you want a pad? LADY: Yes, please. And I want some glue. SHOP ASSISTANT: A bottle of glue. LADY: And I want a large box of chalk, too. SHOP ASSISTANT: I only have small boxes. Do you want one? LADY: No, thank you. SHOP ASSISTANT: Is that all? LADY: That's all, thank you. SHOP ASSISTANT: What else do you want? LADY: I want my change. [课文注解] 1、Do you want the large size or small size? 这句话是选择疑问句，逗号前的size读升调，后者读降调。 2、What else do you want? “What else…?” 可以看作是表示疑问句的一个短语，意思是“还有什么吗？”。else常接在疑问代词、不定代词及疑问副词后，表示“此外”、“别的”、“其他的”。 What else…? 还有什么……？ Who else…? 还有谁……？ Who else do you want to see? Where else…? 还有什么地方……？ Where else do you want to go? Which else…? When else …? When else shall we meet again? Lesson 61 A bad cold [词汇]（12） feel v. 感觉 look v. 看（起来） must modal verb 必须 call v. 叫，请 doctor n. 医生 telephone n. 电话 remember v. 记得，记住 mouth n. 嘴 open your mouth tongue n. 舌头 show me your tongue bad adj. 坏的，严重的 bad cold cold n. 感冒 news [] [] n. 消息 good news ★feel v. 感觉 ① v. 觉得；感到；意识到 I could feel rain on my face. 我感觉到到雨点打在我的脸上。 He’s feeling a little better today. 他今天感觉好点了。 ② v. 摸，触；（客体）给人某种感觉 He felt his pockets and then took out a small box. The silk feels very smooth. ③ v. 认为；以为；相信 I feel it unnecessary to do so. 我认为这样做没必要。 feeling n. 感情 express one’s feeling 表达某人的情感 hide one’s feeling 隐藏…… hurt one’s feeling 伤害…… ★look v. 看（起来） look at =宾语 look at the blackboard look for 寻找 What are you looking for? look down on(upon) 瞧不起 The rich always look down upon the poor. look out 小心 look out of the window look forward to 希望，期望，渴望，，后边接名词或动词ing形式 look into 向……里面看 Don’t make friends with the people who dare not look into your eyes. look after照顾 look 表示看的动作 see 表示看的内容、结果 watch 观看移动的东西 observe 表示观察 spot 很难分辨的东西中突然看到一点 spotlight 聚焦 beauty spot 风景点 view 察看 stare 盯着看 glimpse 瞥到，不经意看到 glance 匆匆地看 notice 注意到 witness 目击 scan 浏览 ★remember v. 记得，记住 ① v. 记得；回忆 I remember he used to dress in a blue suit. 我记得他从前常穿一套蓝色衣服。 ② v. 记住；牢记；不忘记 I tried hard to remember the long passage of Shakespeare. 我努力记住莎士比亚的大段说白。 Remember your appointment with the dentist. 别忘了你和牙医的预约。 ★tongue n. 舌头 show me your tongue tongue twister [] n. 绕口令 mother tongue 母语 have a dirty tongue 爱说脏话 have a bitter tongue 尖酸刻薄 If you want your eyes beautiful, you should always see something good of others. If you want your lips sexy, you should always say something good of others. If you want to keep a good figure, you should always share the food with others. [语法] 主语+系动词+表语 系动词：be动词，感官动词 主系表结构，其中系动词（link-verb）包括be动词和感官动词。be动词后可跟形容词和名词；感官动词后多加形容词做表语。 主系表结构的句子中，表语一般是形容词、代词和名词充当。 感官动词：feel/smell/look/taste I feel happy. The food smells terrible. She looks sad. This tastes good. [课文] MR. WILLIAMS: Where's Jimmy? MRS. WILLIAMS: He's in bed. MR. WILLIAMS: What's the matter with him? MRS. WILLIAMS: He feels ill. MR. WILLIAMS: He looks ill. MRS. WILLIAMS: We must call the doctor. MR. WILLIAMS: Yes, we must. MR. WILLIAMS: Can you remember the doctor's telephone number? MRS. WILLIAMS: Yes. It's 09754. DOCTOR: Open your mouth, Jimmy. Show me your tongue. Say, "Ah'. MR. WILLIAMS: What's the matter with him, doctor? DOCTOR: He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he must stay in bed for a week. MRS. WILLIAMS: That's good new for Jimmy. DOCTOR: Good news? Why? MR. WILLIAMS: Because he doesn't like school! [课文注释] 1、What's the matter with him? What’s the matter with…?常用来询问人或事物的状况，常作“是否有问题？”“有否有麻烦”讲。 2、feel ill 感觉病了；look ill 看起来有病 前者指自我感觉，后者指外表形象。Ill是表语，look和feel都是系动词，后面跟形容词。 Lesson 62 What's the matter with them? What must they do? [单词]（11） headache n. 头痛 aspirin [] n. 阿斯匹林(解热镇痛药), 乙酰水杨酸 earache n. 耳痛 toothache n. 牙痛 dentist n. 牙医 stomachache n. 胃痛 medicine n. 药 temperature n. 温度 flu n. 流行性感冒 measles [] n. [医]麻疹, 风疹, 包虫病, 痧子 mumps[] n. 腮腺炎 ★headache n. 头痛 headache前常用不定冠词a，其他ache型的复合词也多用不定冠词，如an earache，a toothache，a stomach ache。 ★aspirin [] n. 阿斯匹林(解热镇痛药), 乙酰水杨酸 take/have an aspririn 服/吃一片阿司匹林 ★temperature n. 温度 have a temperature 发烧 Lesson 63 Thank you, doctor [词汇]（7） better adj. 形容词well的比较级 certainly adv. 当然 get up 起床 yet adv. 还，仍 rich adj. 油腻的，富有的 food n. 食物 remain v. 保持，继续 ★better adj. 形容词well的比较级 good —> better —> best Better late than never. 亡羊补牢为时未晚。 Better safe than sorry. 稳妥一点总是要比后悔要好。 for better for worse 不论好坏（更多侧重于同甘共苦） I am your friend, so for better for worse, I will always be with you ,I will always be on your side. for better or worse 不管如何 had better do sth. 最好做什么事情（更适用于年龄相仿之间对话） had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事 You had better not telephone in the class. ★yet adv. 还，仍 yet更多用于否定句中 ★rich adj. 油腻的，富有的 the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 ★remain v. 保持，继续 ① v. 留下；停留 You’d better remain at home. We’re going to remain in Rome for another two days. 我们准备再在罗马逗留两天。 ② v. 保持不变 It will remain cold for a couple of days. 天气还将持续冷几天。 Most people remained silent at the meeting. [语法] each和every的区别： each强调个体；它是adj.&pron.，形容词起修饰限定作用，代词可单独使用；each指两个或两个以上中的每一个。 each boy each of the boys each of my hands each of my parents each of the students every强调整体；它只能做adj.；every指三个或三个以上的每一个。 every student（不能写为every of the student） every one of my fingers [课文] DOCTOR: How’s Jimmy today? MRS. WILLIAMS: Better. Thank you, doctor. DOCTOR: Can I see him please, Mrs. Williams? MRS. WILLIAMS: Certainly, doctor. Come upstairs. DOCTOR: You look very well, Jimmy. You are better now, but you mustn’t get up yet. You must stay in bed for another two days. The boy musn’t go to school yet, Mrs. Williams. And he mustn’t eat rich food. MRS. WILLIAMS: Does he have a temperature, doctor? DOCTOR: No, he doesn’t. MRS. WILLIAMS: Must he stay in bed? DOCTOR: Yes. He must remain in bed for another two days. He can get up for about two hours each day, but you must keep the room warm. Where’s Mr. Williams this evening? MRS. WILLIAMS: He’s in bed, doctor. Can you see him please? He has a bad cold, too! [课文注释] You must stay in bed for another two days. for another two days别外再两天 Lesson 64 Don't … You mustn't … [词汇]（10） play v. 玩 match n. 火柴 talk v. 谈话 library n. 图书馆 drive v. 开车 so adv. 如此地 quickly adv. 快地 lean out of 身体探出 break v. 打破 noise n. 喧闹声 ★play v. 玩 ① v. 玩，做游戏 The children are playing in the garden. play with 玩……（东西） play with matches 玩火柴 ② v. 参加（体育活动、比赛等） Let’s play chess! ③ n. 玩耍；娱乐 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不娱乐会使人变呆的。 ★noise n. 喧闹声 make a noise中的noise是抽象名词。抽象名词是不可数的，前面加不定冠词a并不意味1、2、3等数目，只是赋予那个名词具体的含义，如一次、一种、一例、一番等。如： have a rest 休息一下 take a look at… 看一眼…… ★break v. 打破 ① v. 打破；使碎裂 He broke a leg in the accident. 他在这起事故中摔断了一条腿。 ② v. 损坏；弄坏 You shouldn’t have bought such expensive toys for him because he will simply break them. ③ v. 破坏；违反 Any one who breaks the law should be punished. 任何触犯法律的人都应受到惩罚。 The student who broke the school regulations was severely criticized. 那位违反了校规的学生受到了严厉的批评。 [语法] 禁令Don’t and Mustn’t don’t “不要”一般的不要做什么事，告诫，劝告 mustn’t“不许，不要”，表示坚决制止，不许可，语气更坚决强烈 [课文] take any aspirins 吃药 take this medicine 吃药 call the doctor 请大夫 play with matches 玩火柴 talk in the library 在图书馆 make a noise 发出噪音 lean out of the window 身体探出 break that vase 打破花瓶 Lesson 65 Not a baby [词汇]（8） Dad n. 爸（儿语） key n. 钥匙 adj.关键的 baby n. 婴儿 hear v. 听见 enjoy v. 玩得快活 yourself pron.你自己 ourselves pron.我们自己 mum n. 妈妈 ★key n. 钥匙 adj.关键的 the key to the front door 前门的钥匙 ★hear v. 听见 ① v. 听见 Can you hear me? 你能听到吗？ Do you hear? 你听见了吗？ ② v. 倾听，认真听 We’d better hear what he has to say. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 I hear from my mother every week. hear of 听说 listen 听，正在听 listen to… He listened but could hear nothing. listening 听力 ★enjoy v. 玩得快活 ① v. 过得快活 enjoy+ 反身代词：玩得高兴 She enjoyed herself in the vacation. ② v. 乐于；喜爱 enjoy+ n.（物体） 喜欢…… I enjoyed that meal. enjoy+ Ving+ sth. 喜欢做某事 ③ v. 享有，享受 We all enjoy our legal rights. ★yourself pron.你自己 selfish adj. 自私的 selfishness n. 自私 self-centered adj. 自我为中心的 [语法] 日期的表达： 通常使用介词on表示星期几（on Monday）、一天中的某段时间（on Monday morning）、日期（on April 1st）、星期几+日期（on Monday, April 1st）、具体时间（on that day）、周年纪念日（on your birthday）以及节日（on Christmas Day）等。 反身代词： 当宾语和主语是同一个人时，一般需要用反身代词 The old lady is talking to herself. 反身代词也可与名词连用，表达“就是那个人而不是别人”的意思。 We went there ourselves. They wanted to finish the work themselves. [课文] FATHER: What are you going to do this evening, Jill? JILL: I'm going to meet some friends, Dad. FATHER: You mustn't come home late. You must be home at half past ten. JILL: I can't get home so early, Dad! Can I have the key to the front door please? FATHER: No, you can't. MOTHER: Jill's eighteen years old, Tom. She's not a baby. Give her the key. She always comes home early. FATHER: Oh, all right! FATHER: Here you are. But you mustn't come home after a quarter past eleven. Do you hear? JILL: Yes, Dad. Thanks, Mum. MOTHER: That's all right. Goodbye. Enjoy yourself! JILL: We always enjoy ourselves, Mum. Bye-bye. [课文注释] 1、I'm going to meet some friends, Dad. dad和mum前如没有所有格代词或名词所有格作修饰语，就特指自己的父母亲，要大写。father和mather也是如此。 2、We always enjoy ourselves, Mum. Bye-bye. Bye-bye为非正式的告别语，非正式的告别语还有So long，See you或I’ll be seeing you等。正式的告别语是Goodbye，而夜里向人告别时用Good night。 I will tell you the mean ideal of the dialogue. This dialogue is about three people. Jill, a girl who is eighteen years old and her parents. Jill has some friends and they often get together. Tonight Jill is going to meet her friends. She says she can’t get home early, so she wants to have the key to the front door, but her father doesn’t want to give her key. Later her mother helped her, her father gave her the key to the front door, but her father told her that she must come home at some certain time. Lesson 66 What’s the time? [词汇]（4） myself pron. 我自己 themselves pron. 他们自己 himself pron. 他自己 herself pron. 她自己 Lesson 67 The weekend [词汇]（14） greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果零售商 absent adj. 缺席的 Monday n. 星期一 Tuesday n. 星期二 Wednesday n. 星期三 Thursday n. 星期四 keep v. （身体健康）处于（状况） spend v. 度过 weekend n. 周末 Friday n. 星期五 Saturday n. 星期六 Sunday n. 星期日 country n. 乡村 lucky adj. 幸运的 ★greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果零售商 在英文中，表示店铺、住宅、公共机构、公共建筑物以及教堂的名字或某人家时，名词所有格后常不出现它所修饰的名词： at the greengrocer's (shop) 在蔬菜水果店 at the butcher's (shop) 在肉店里 at the dentist's (office) 在牙医的诊所 at the hairdresser's (shop) 在理发店 at the stationer’s (shop) 在文具店 at my mother's house = at my mother's I am going to stay at my mother's this Friday. They are going to stay at her mother's this weekend. ★absent adj. 缺席的 be absent from 不在，缺席 be absent from school 缺课 be absent from work 旷工 She is often absent from school. ★keep v. （身体健康）处于（状况） ① v. 使保持某状态；保持 Keep the fire burning. ② v. 保存；保留 He would not be able to keep his job. 他恐怕保不住他那份工作了。 ③ v. 保守；储藏 Would you keep my things for me while I’m away? 在我离开的这段时间里，你能为我保管一下东西吗？ ★spend v. 度过 ① v. 花（时间等）；度过 spend + n./pron. 度过 spend my holiday We are going to spend three days at my mother’s. I want to spend my holiday in the country this weekend. I hope that you wouldn’t spend so much time watching television. Where are the Johnsons going to spend the weekend? ② v. 用（钱），花费 spend 时间/金钱 + on +sth. Women spend a lot of money on clothes. Children spend a lot of time on Internet. At present, more and more people have come to realize that more money should be spent on health and education. 目前，越来越多的人已开始认识到：应该在健康和教育方面多花些钱。 spend 时间/金钱 +(in) doing sth. The manager spent 2 hours explaining the plan at the meeting. spend 人作主语 expend 花费很大量，更多的主语是政府或一个机构[数额较大，比较正式的用法] cost [物做主语，表示物的售价] It cost me … I bought a new necklace, it costs me 2000 dollars. afford 人作主语，支付得起，腾出时间 I can’t afford it. I want to have a picnic with some of my friends, but they can’t afford some time for me. I can afford one day for you. take [花时间] It takes sb. some time to do sth. It took me 3 hours to explain this plan. pay [人做主语，人为某物付钱] ★country n. 乡村 ① n. 国家；国土；故乡 India, a former British colony, is now a fully independent country. 曾一度为英国殖民地的印度如今已是一个完全独立的国家。 ② n. 乡下，乡村 the country = the countryside 乡下 country表示“农村”时，前面一定要加定冠词the。 ③ adj. 乡下的；乡村风味的 I prefer country life to life in the city. 乡村生活与城市生活相比，我更喜欢乡村生活。 After nearly thirty years in the city, he’s still country. 他在城里住了将近三十年，可还是土气十足。 ★lucky adj. 幸运的 ① adj. 有好运的，幸运的 She was lucky to get such a well-paid job. 她能得到这样一个报酬优厚的工作真幸运。 ② adj. 侥幸的，碰巧的 He didn’t really know the answer - it was just a lucky guess. 他并非真知道答案——那不过是个侥幸的猜测。 It’s lucky he’s here. 他碰巧在这儿。 luck ——lucky lucky dog 幸运儿 luck n. 命运 good luck have no luck 没有运气 by pure luck 纯粹靠运气 try one’s luck 试试某人的运气 fate 命运 destiny 宿命 That’s my destiny. [语法] 一般过去时 概念：描述过去的事实或状态，描述过去的动作。在英语中，非现在的以前都叫过去。过去发生的而现在已经结束的动作要用一般过去时来表示。 1、表示过去某个点上特定的时间存在的状态，事实，或发生的动作。 2、表示在过去的一段时间内经常发生的动作或反复的习惯。 be动词is的过去式是was、are是were 肯定句：S+was/ were/ v(e)d …age /yesterday/ just now 否定句：S+ wasn’t/ weren’t/ didn’t +V(原形) 一般疑问句：was/ were+ S+ …? Did +S +V原+ …? 回答：Yes, S+ was/ were/ did. No, S+ wasn’t/weren’t /didn’t 动词的过去式变化 动词的过去式分为规则和不规则变化两种： 规则变化： 1、一般的动词后面直接加-ed ① 清辅音后面加ed，读[] asked [] jumped [] ② 浊辅音或元音后面加ed，读[] cleaned [] lied [] waited [] ③ d/t +ed [id] 2、单词末尾是e的直接加d，e+d发音规则同上 believe, argue, waste believed, argued, wasted 3、如果是辅音字母加y结尾的单词，要把y变i加ed 辅音+y ——>i+ed study -> studied, empty -> emptied, cry -> cried play -> played，enjoy -> enjoyed empty -> empties -> emptied -> emptying 4、单词是以短元音加一个辅音结尾，这个辅音要双写加ed 短元音+辅音字母——>双写辅音字母+ed chat -> chatted, stop -> stopped, beg -> begged, fit -> fitted 不规则变化： buy -> bought -> bought lose -> lost -> lose find -> found -> found make -> made -> made get -> got -> got meet -> met -> met have -> had -> had send -> sent -> sent hear -> heard -> heard sweep -> swept -> swept leave -> left -> left tell -> told -> told 否定疑问句： 否定疑问句表示双重肯定，表示说话者惊异的情绪、责难的口吻或赞叹；也可表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。 Haven’t I asked you? 难道我没问过你吗？ Aren’t you a student? Can’t you wait a moment? 你不能等一会儿吗？ 回答这种问题这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的，就用Yes；如果答语是否定的，就用No。但答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。 Don’t you know English? Yes, I do. 不，我懂。 [课文] MRS.JOHNSON: Hello. Were you at the butcher's? MRS.WILLIAMS: Yes, I was. Were you at the butcher's, too? MRS.JOHNSON: No, I wasn't. I was at the greengrocer's. How's Jimmy today? MRS.WILLIAMS: He's very well, thank you. MRS.JOHNSON: Was he absent from school last week? MRS.WILLIAMS: Yes, he was. He was absent on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Tuesday. MRS.WILLIAMS: How are you all keeping? MRS.JOHNSON: Very well, thank you. We're going to spend three days in the country. We're going to stay at my mother's for the weekend. MRS.WILLIAMS: Friday, Saturday and Sunday in the country! Aren't you lucky! [课文注释] It is a story about two women, Mrs. Johnson and Mrs. Williams. They are talking about a boy called Jimmy. Jimmy is a middle school student and he was ill last week, and he was absent from school last week and Mrs. Williams is Jimmy’s mother. 1、We're going to stay at my mother's for the weekend. stay in bed 呆在床上 in the bed 在床上（躺在床上） on the bed 坐在床上 stay at home 呆在家里（home作名词） stay home （home做副词） 2、We're going to stay at my mother's for the weekend. for the weekend 整个周末这几天时间 at the weekend 强调时间的某一点 Lesson 68 What's the time? [词汇]（4） church n. 教堂 dairy n. 乳品店 baker n. 面包师傅 grocer n. 食品杂货商 Lesson 69 The car race [词汇]（11） year n. 年 race n. 比赛 （强调竞技性强、激烈的） town n. 城填 crowd n. 人群 stand v. 站立 exciting adj. 使人激动的 just adv. 正好，恰好 finish n. 结尾，结束 winner n. 获胜者 behind prep.在……之后 way n. 路途（抽象） ★race n. 比赛 car race 车赛 in the race 在比赛中 at the race 在赛场上 ★crowd n. 人群 in the crowd：在人群中 You can see us in the crowd. crowd v.挤上去 crowd into 拥护，挤进…… get on the bus 上公共汽车 crowd into the bus 挤公共汽车 I get up at 7 o'clock every morning. Then I crowd into the bus. crowded adj.拥挤的 Well, my life is just terrible. Every day I have to get up very early and go to work. And I work in an office. Well, I am very busy everyday. My boss is very cruel to me. I have to work very long every day and I don’t have too much money to take a taxi or buy a car. So every day I have to stand in the crowd for a long time and I have to wait for the bus and when the bus comes, and everyone tries to crowd into the bus, and it is very crowded in the bus. Well, yesterday morning I got up very late and I rushed to the bus stop, it was very crowded there too and I was standing in the crowd. When the bus came and I crowed into the bus again. Of course it was very crowded too. I had to stand in the crowd. Well, that is my terrible life. ★stand v. 站立 ① v. 站立，起立 They stood because there were no seats. 没有座位，所以他们只好站着。 ② v. （建筑物）直立，耸立；（植物）直立生长 Look at the corn standing in the fields! 瞧那长在地里的玉米！ ★finish n. 结尾，结束 ① n. 结束；最后阶段（或部分） an exciting finish At eleven the dinner finally dragged to a finish. 宴会拖到11点才结束。 The finish of the race was very exciting. ② n. 完美，完善；（举止等）优雅 His dancing lacks finish. 他的舞跳得并不完美。 We hoped that four years of college would give hime some finish. 我们希望4年的大学教育会使他有些教养。 ③ v. 完成 finish (v. )+ doing sth. I finished reading that book last work. ★way n. 路途（抽象） way 想象中抽象的路 on one’s way home/ to school on the way (home)/ to school road：路，城市与乡间的路，国道，指具体的路 3 ring road 三环路 street：街道 lane：胡同 path：路径，林间小路 route：路线 highway：高速路 By the way=BTW 顺便说一下 This way, please! 请这边走 in this way 用这种方法 [语法] 用介词at，on和in的时间短语 1、用介词at的时间短语通常可表示：确切的时间（at 10 o’clock），用餐时间（at lunchtime），其他时刻（at noon），节日（at Christmas），年龄（at the age of 27）等。 介词at可表示地点，通常用于某个小地点之前。 at the butcher’s；at the office 2、介词on用于周和月份中的任何一天之前。 3、用介词in的时间短语：一天中的某段时间（in the evening），月份（in March），年份（in 1997），季节（in spring），世纪（in the 20th century），节日（in Easter week在复活节那一周），时期（in the holidays）等。 [课文] There is a car race near our town every year. In 1995, there was a very big race. There were hundreds of people there. My wife and I were at the race. Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too. You can see us in the crowd. We are standing on the left. There were twenty cars in the race. There were English cars, French cares, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and Japanese cars. It was an exciting finish. The winner was Billy Stewart. He was in car number fifteen. Five other cars were just behind him. On the way home, my wife said to me, 'Don't drive so quickly! You're not Billy Stewart!' [课文注释] 1、hundreds of…，数以百计的……，用来表示不确定数量的复数形式。类似的结构还有thounds of（数以千计的），millions of（数以万计的）。当“百”或“千”等计量单位在前面有具体的数字时，hundred不可以用复数形式。 表示具体的几百、几千，hundred，thousand（千），million（百万）这些词前面有具体的数字时，本身要加-s，如five hundreds，two millions。 2、on the way home，在回家的途中，on the way是指“在……的途中”。 3、car number fifteen，第15号车。在表示编了号的东西时，可以用基数词表示顺序： Bus No. 332 第332路公共汽车 Question 10 第10个问题 Lesson 70 When were they there? [词汇]（2） stationer n. 文具店 Denmark n. 丹麦 Lesson 71 He's awful! [词汇]（8） awful adj. 让人讨厌的，坏的 telephone v. & n. 打电话；电话 time n. 次（数） answer v. 接（电话） last adj. 最后的，前一次的 phone n. 电话（=telephone） again dv. 又一次地 say (said) v. 说 ★awful adj. 让人讨厌的，坏的 awfully adv. 非常（在表示负面的情景中，可用awfully代替very） I am awfully(very) sorry. ★time n. 次（数） time在英语中作不可数名词时表示“时间”；作可数名词时表示“次数”，三次或三次以上通常用基数词+times表示： once，twice，three times on time 按时，准时 in time 及时 all the time 一直 I’ve been waiting here all the time. once upon a time 很久很久以前 cheat the time 打发时间 We are cheating the time by playing cards. watch one’s time 等待时机 I’m watching my time. of the time 当时 make time 腾出时间 Time will tell. 时间会证明一切。 Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人。 Time heals all wounds. 时间会治愈所有的创伤。 ★answer v. 接（电话） ① v. 对……作出反应；响应 answer the phone/telephone 接电话 answer the door/doorbell 应声开门 Mary took a few minutes to answer the door. 玛丽拖了几分钟时间才去开门。 ② v. 回答；答复 answer a letter 回信 I don’t think you’ve answered my question. 我认为你没有回答我的问题。 ③ n. 答案；解决办法；答复 I wrote him several letters but couldn’t get an answer. 我给他写了好几封信，可都没有回音。 Do you know the answer to Question 10? This is one of the possible answers to today’s environmental problems. 这是有可能解决当今环境问题的办法之一。 [课文] JANE: What's Ron Marston like, Pauline? PAULINE: He's awful! He telephoned me four times yesterday, and three times the day before yesterday. PAULINE: He telephoned the office yesterday morning and yesterday afternoon. PAULINE: My boss answered the telephone. JANE: What did your boss say to him? PAULINE: He said, "Pauline is typing letters. She can't speak to you now!" PAULINE: Then I arrived home at six o'clock yesterday evening. He telephoned again. But I didn't answer the phone! JANE: Did he telephone again last night? PAULINE: Yes, he did. He telephoned at nine o'clock. JANE: What did you say to him? PAULINE: I said, 'This is Pauline's mother. Please don't telephone my daughter again!' JANE: Did he telephone again? PAULINE: No, he didn't! [课文注释] 1、What's Ron Marston like, Pauline? What is sb. like? 询问某人的外貌或品行。 What's your father like? what’s … like? 什么怎么样？ What's the climate like in your country? What's the weather like in spring? 2、speak to sb. 与某人说话 May I speak to Pauline, please? I’d like to speak to Pauline, please. 在电话中回答：This is…. 3、pretend as 假装 She pretended herself as her mother. Lesson 72 When did you … ? today this morning this afternoon this evening tonight yesterday yesterday morning yesterday afternoon yesterday evening last night the day before yesterday the day before yesterday in the morning the day before yesterday in the afternoon the day before yesterday in the evening the night before last Lesson 73 The way to King Street [词汇]（13） week n. 周 London n. 伦敦 suddenly adv. 突然地 bus stop 公共汽车站 smile v. 微笑 pleasantly adv. 愉快地 understand (understood) v. 懂，明白 speak (spoke) v. 讲，说（说话的动作；讲某种语言） hand n. 手 pocket n. 衣袋 phrasebook n. 短语手册，常用语手册 phrase n. 短语 slowly adv. 缓慢地 ★week n. 周 this week, last week等，前面不能加介词 the week before last 上上周 the week after next 下下周 ★understand (understood) v. 懂，明白 ① v. 理解；懂 I don’t understand what you mean. ② v. 明了；了解；得知 Only today have I begun to understand the political situation in Northern Ireland. 直到今天我才了解了北爱尔兰的政治局势。 How the machine works is still not fully understood. ★hand n. 手 finger 手指 thumb：大拇指 index finger/forefinger：食指 middle finger：中指 ring finger：无名指 little finger：小指 raise your hand：举手 wave (one's) hand：挥手 give sb. a (big) hand：（热烈的）给某人鼓掌；帮助某人，帮帮我 read one's hand：看手相 on the other hand：另一方面 have over 支出 hand in/out 上交作业，发作业 Ask the monitor to hand out the homework. This is your homework for today, you must hand in your homework. ★phrasebook n. 短语手册，常用语手册 Put your hand into your pocket. Take out your phrasebook. ★lose v. （使）迷路 ① v. 迷失；（使）迷路 lose one’s way 迷路 It’s very easy to lose your way in a strange city. ② v. 失去；丧失 He lost his sight in a car accident. 他在一起汽车交通事故中失明了。 She has just lost her job because of carelessness. ③ v. 遗失；丢失 We lost her in the crowd. I can’t enter my house because I’ve lost my key on my way home. [课文] Last week Mrs. Mills went to London. She does not know London very well, and she lost her way. Suddenly, she saw a man near a bus stop. 'I can ask him the way.' she said to herself. 'Excuse me,' she said. 'Can you tell me the way to King Street, please?' The man smiled pleasantly. He did not understand English! He spoke German. He was a tourist. Then he put his hand into pocket, and took out a phrasebook. He opened the book and found a phrase. He read the phrase slowly. 'I am sorry,' he said. 'I do not speak English.' [课文注释] 1、She does not know London very well. know …well“对……了解”。 I don’t know him very well. 2、ask (sb.) the way （向某人）问路。 lost one’s way 迷路 3、say to oneself 心中暗想 talk to oneself 自言自语地说 4、Can you tell me the way to King Street, please? tell sb. the way (to) 告诉某人（去……的）路 Lesson 74 What did they do? [词汇]（5） hurriedly adv. 匆忙地 cut(cut) v. 割，切 thirstily adv. 口渴地 go(went) v. 走 greet v. 问候，打招呼 ★cut(cut) v. 割，切 cut himself = cut his face 以整体代替部分是英语中的一种修辞格，叫提喻（merism）。 [语法] 副词的用法 副词可以通过修饰动词说明句中的某个动词的情况，说明某事是如何、何时、何地等发生或进行的。 1、时间副词：yesterday, tomorrow, next …, three days …, before，today，the day after tomorrow，the day before yesterday 2、地点副词：home, abroad, downtown, upstairs, downstairs，there，here 时间和地点副词前面都不能加介词。 3、程度副词：so, very, quite, rather 程度副词一般加在形容词或副词前面，加强一种程度。 pretty: (adj.)漂亮的; (adv.)非常，很 enough：足够 good enough so good, very good 4、频率副词：always, sometimes, usually, often, ever, never 放在be动词之后，行为动词之前；助动词和行为动词之间。表示强调则可放在句首或句末。 5、方式副词： 形容词的作用：放在名词前面起修饰限定的作用；放在be动词后面起叙述作用。 副词的作用：起修饰动词的作用。 S+ vi. +方式副词 S+ vt. +O（宾语）+方式副词 副词的构成： 1、adj.+ -ly 2、以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加y 3、形容词和副词同形 late——late well——well hard——hard lately 最近 She is always late. （adj.） She arrives home late. （adv.） Lesson 75 Uncomfortable shoes [词汇]（6） ago adv. 以前 buy(bough) v. 买 pair n. 双，对 fashion n. （服装的）流行式样 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 wear(wore) v. 穿着 ★ago adv. 以前 ago 用于一般过去时；从现在的以前 I went to London three days ago. She left 30 minutes ago. Long long ago, there lived a king. before 只能用于过去完成式；是从过去的某一点算起 Before I arrived at the station yesterday, the train had already left. ★buy v. 买 buy——buys——bought I buy a new book every week. My sister buys a new dress every week. I bought a coat in Paris last month. sell 卖 retail 零售 purchase 正式的购买，大宗购物 market n. 市场,v. 销售 marketing manager 市场经理、销售经理 get 得到（口语） ★fashion n. （服装的）流行式样 fashionable 时尚 be in fashion 是流行的 They are not in fashion this year. be out of fashion 不流行 smart 巧妙，时髦 ★uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 ① adj. 不舒服的 She feels uncomfortable in tight boots. ② adj. 不安的；不自在的 You’ll have an uncomfortable feeling if you sit there alone. He often feels uncomfortable with strangers. ③ adj. 令人不舒服的，不舒适的 This pair of shoes look very uncomfortable. comfort 安慰，舒适 comfortable adj. 舒服的、舒适的 ★wear v. 穿着 wear/wears/wore/wearing I wear the same coats every day. He wears a tie every day. The lady is wearing a beautiful dress. ① v. 穿着；戴着；佩带着 Look at the beautiful silk scarf she’s wearing! She never wears perfume. 她从不用香水。 ② v. 面带；呈现；保持 He’s wearing a cheerful smile. He wears his dignity even in great adversity. 他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。 wear 表穿着的状态 That girl wears a pink shirt every day. put on 表穿上的动作 Please put on your coat. be dressed in 穿着……衣服，侧重打扮的意味 dress sb. 给某人打扮，穿衣服 My mother must dress my brother every day. The lady was dressed in a funny coat and a large hat at the party last night. in+ 颜色 穿……颜色的衣服 a girl in white have…on 表状态 The emperor has nothing on. [语法] 宾语从句 名词性从句分为三种：表语从句、主语从句、宾语从句。 宾语从句是名词性从句的一类，在主从复合句中，由一个句子来充当宾语，就是宾语从句。 一般是名词或代词做宾语，宾语一般是跟在动词或介词后 I want an apple. in front of the window；some of them 主从复合句：主语从句，表语从句，定语从句，状语从句，宾语从句 宾语从句跟在两类词后： 1、 表示人的情感或心理活动的形容词 S+ be+ adj. + 宾语从句 afraid/ sure/ sorry/ glad/ anxious/ confident/ proud 主句和宾语从句中有that连接，后边加句子。当主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。 I am afraid that I can't come tomorrow. I am sorry that I didn't go yesterday. I am glad that you can help them. 2、S+ v. +that +从句 think/ know/ believe/ say/ hope/ understand 主语（人）+这类动词+that+从句 She knows that you will come. I believe I can fly. [课文] LADY: Do you have any shoes like these? SHOP ASSISTANT: What size? LADY: Size five. SHOP ASSISTANT: What colour? LADY: Black. SHOP ASSISTANT: I'm sorry. We don't have any. LADY: But my sister bought this pair last month. SHOP ASSISTANT: Did she buy them here? LADY: No, she bought them in the U.S. SHOP ASSISTANT: We had some shoes like those a month ago, but we don't have any now. LADY: Can you get a pair for me, please? SHOP ASSISTANT: I'm afraid that I can't. They were in fashion last year and the year before last. But they're not in fashion this year. These shoes are in fashion now. LADY: They look very uncomfortable. SHOP ASSISTANT: They are very uncomfortable. But women always wear uncomfortable shoes! Lesson 77 Terrible toothache [词汇]（3） appointment n. 约会，预约 urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的 till prep. 直至…为止 ★appointment[] n. 约会，预约 have an appointment (with sb.) （与某人）有约会 Once you’ve make an appointment, you should try to keep it. 一旦你定好约会的事情，那么你应努力守约。 make an appointment change an appointment When will it be conveniet for you? appoint v. 分配；认命 appointed 被任命的 appointer 委派者，任命者 appointee 被任命者 appointment 约会，任命，普通约会 have a appointment with sb. 和某人有个预约 date 男女情人之间的约会 ★urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的 ① adj. 紧迫的；急迫的 The children in that area are in urgent need of medical attention. 那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。 ② adj. 催促的；坚持要求的 The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent. [课文] NURSE: Good morning, Mr. Croft. MR. CROFT: Good morning, nurse. I want to see the dentist, please. NURSE: Do you have an appointment? MR. CROFT: No, I don't. NURSE: Is it urgent? MR. CROFT: Yes, it is. It's very urgent. I feel awful. I have a terrible toothache. NURSE: Can you come at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th? MR. CROFT: I must see the dentist now, nurse. NURSE: The dentist is very busy at the moment. Can you come at 2 p.m.? MR. CROFT: That's very late. Can the dentist see me now? NURSE: I'm afraid that he can't, Mr. Croft. Can't you wait till this afternoon? MR. CROFT: I can wait, but my toothache can't! [课文注释] 1、I want to see the dentist, please. I want to see sb. , please这一句式是表示想见某人时常用的句式之一。 2、Can you come at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th? Can you come at…? 这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。英语中的时间次序一般是从小到大。a.m.（=ante meridiem）上午，有时写成A.M.或AM；下午则是p.m.（=post meridiem），有时写成P.M.或PM。 3、Can't you wait till this afternoon? 情态动词的否定疑问句，表示请求。 Lesson 79 Carol's shopping list [词汇]（7） shopping n. 购物 list n. 单子 vegetable n. 蔬菜 need v. 需要 hope v. 希望 thing n. 事情 money n. 钱 ★shopping n. 购物 go shopping do some shopping shopping center 购物中心 shopping mall 商业街区 make a shopping list 制作购物清单 ★need v. 需要 ① v. 需要 Does he need to know? ② n. 需要（物）；必要 There is no need of worrying. 不必担心。 There’s a growing need of new housing in many cities. 许多城市正面临着对新建房屋的不断增长的需求。 We don’t have any urgent need for money. ★hope v. 希望 ① v. 希望；盼望；期待 hope to do sth. I hope to study abroad next year. hope that I hope that I/you study abroad next year. ② n. 希望，期望；指望 We are full of hope for the future. Where there is life, there is hope.[留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。] ③ n. 期望着的事；被寄予希望的人 His hope is that his son will get married and settle down soon. 他所希望的是他儿子能早点结婚，安顿下来。 He is a young man of genius, the hope of Russian poetry. 他是一位年轻的天才，是俄罗斯诗歌的希望所在。 wish 不真实的一些东西，只是一些希望 Best wishes. ★have got= have I have got some friends. I haven’t got any friends. [语法] Must与Need must表示“必须，应当” You mustn’t make a noise! 你不该弄出噪音来！ Must I call the doctor? 我必须请大夫吗？ need 做情态动词时，need表示“需要”、“必须”，作助动词时多用于疑问句和否定句，没有时态，人称、数格的变化，可以直接加否定形式。不能单独做谓语，后边加动词原形。 need + 动词原形 -> need 是情态动词 Need I make an appointment? 我需要约一下时间吗？ You need not hurry. 你不必太匆忙。 need 做实义动词时，就有人称、数格及时态上的变化，疑问句中也需用助动词do； need + to + 动词原形 -> need 是实义动词 在肯定句中，need不可以象 I can go home.中的can的用法一样在肯定句中直接做情态动词，而是做实义动词。 I need to go home. 在肯定句中，need后只跟动词不定式，不跟动词原形。而在否定句和疑问句中，情况就不是这样了。 I needn't study. （need 情态动词） I don't need to study. （need 实义动词） Need you study? （need 情态动词） Do you need to study? （need 实义动词） [课文] TOM: What are you doing, Carol? CAROL: I'm making a shopping list, Tom. TOM: What do we need? CAROL: We need a lot of thing this week. CAROL: I must go to the grocer's. We haven't got much tea or coffee, and we haven't got any sugar or jam. TOM: What about vegetables? CAROL: I must go to the greengrocer's. We haven't got many tomatoes, but we've got a lot of potatoes. CAROL: I must go to the butcher's, too. We need some meat. We haven't got any meat at all. TOM: Have we got any beer and wine? And I'm not going to get any! TOM: I hope that you've got some money. CAROL: I haven't got much. TOM: Well, I haven't got much either! [课文注释] many和much均可译成“许多”，但用法不同：many主要用于疑问句和否定句中，放在可数名词之前；much用于疑问句和否定句中，放在不可数名词之前。 a lot of可用于可数名词前，又可用在不可数名词前，一般用于肯定句。 Lesson 80 I must go to the … [词汇]（5） groceries n. 食品杂货 fruit n. 水果 stationery n. 文具 newsagent n. 报刊零售人 chemist n. 药剂师，化学家 Lesson 81 Roast beef and potatoes [词汇]（6） bath n. 洗澡 nearly adv. 几乎，将近 ready adj. 准备好的，完好的 dinner n. 正餐，晚餐 restaurant n. 饭馆，餐馆 roast adj. 烤的 ★bath n. 洗澡 have(take) a bath 洗澡 ★nearly adv. 几乎，将近 ① v. 几乎；差不多；差点儿 I nearly missed the train. ② v. 极；密切地 He resembles a film star nearly. The matter concerns us nearly. 这事与我们有切身关系。 ★ready adj. 准备好的，完好的 ① adj. 准备就绪的 Dinner will be ready in 20 minutes. Are you ready to leave? ② adj. 预先准备好的；立即可得到的 The apples are ripe and ready to eat. We must get the house ready for our guests. 我们必须把房子收拾停当，以期我们的客人随时入住。 ③ adj. 快的，立即的 He gave a ready consent. 他立即爽快地表示同意。 This new system gives users readier access to the data. 这个新系统可以使用户们更快捷地进入数据库。 ★dinner n. 正餐，晚餐 three meals a day 一日三餐 breakfast 早饭 lunch 午餐 tea 下午茶 supper 晚饭 dinner 正餐 meal 一顿饭 [课文] SAM: Hi, Carol! Where's Tom? CAROL: He's upstairs. He's having a bath. CAROL: Tom! TOM: Yes? CAROL: Sam's here. TOM: I'm nearly ready. Hello, Sam. Have a cigarette. SAM: No, thanks, Tom. TOM: Have a glass of whisky then. SAM: OK. Thanks. TOM: Is dinner ready, Carol? CAROL: It's nearly ready. We can have dinner at seven o'clock. TOM: Sam and I had lunch together today. We went to a restaurant. CAROL: What did you have? TOM: We had roast beef and potatoes. CAROL: Oh! TOM: What's the matter, Carol? CAROL: Well, you're going to have roast beef and potatoes again tonight! Lesson 82 I had … [词汇]（5） breakfast n. 早饭 haircut n. 理发 party n. 聚会 holiday n. 假日 Lesson 83 Going on holiday [词汇]（5） mess n. 杂乱，凌乱 pack v. 包装，打包，装箱 suitcase n. 手提箱 leave v. 离开 already adv. 已经 ★mess n. 杂乱，凌乱 Excuse the mess. 乱七八糟，请原谅。 ★pack v. 包装，打包，装箱 ① v. 打包，装箱 pack one’s suitcase 打包 pack one’s suitcases 收拾行李。 ② v. 挤满，塞满 The movie fans packed the hall. 大厅里挤满了影迷。 The bus was packed with people. 公共汽车里挤满了人。 ★leave v. 离开 ① v. 离开，出发 The train is going to leave in 5 minutes. ② v. 舍弃；脱离 John’s wife left him for another man. 约翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一个男子的怀抱。 ③ v. 留给，遗留；委托 ‘Leave it to me,’he said. “这事交给我来办吧，”他说道。 The famous actress left all her money to charity. [语法] 现在完成时 表示在过去一个不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动词；或者表示的开始于过去并持续到现在的动作。 肯定句： has/have + 动词的过去分词 否定形式：hasn't/haven't + 动词的过去分词 疑问形式：把 has/have 提前 规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同，而不规则动词的过去分词则无统一的规律可言，需特别加以记忆。 [课文] CAROL: Hello, Sam. Come in. TOM: Hi, Sam. We're having lunch. Do you want to have lunch with us? SAM: No, thank you, Tom. I've already had lunch. I had at half past twelve. CAROL: Have a cup of coffee then. SAM: I've just had a cup, thank you. I had one after my lunch. TOM: Let's go into the living room, Carol. We can have our coffee there. CAROL: Excuse the mess, Sam. This room's very untidy. We're packing our suitcases. We're going to leave tomorrow. CAROL: Tom and I are going to have a holiday. SAM: Aren't you lucky! TOM: When are you going to have a holiday, Sam? SAM: I don't know. I've already had my holiday this year. CAROL: Where did you go? SAM: I stayed at home! Lesson 85 Paris in the spring [词汇]（7） Paris n. 巴黎 cinema n. 电影院 film n. 电影；胶卷 beautiful adj. 漂亮的 city n. 城市 never adv. 从来没有 ever adv. 在任何时候 ★film n. 电影 film 艺术影片 movie 好莱坞商业片 ★beautiful adj. 漂亮的 ① adj. 美丽的，使生美感的 She was even more beautiful than I had expected. 她甚至比我预期的还要美。 ② adj. 出色的，完美的；令人愉悦的 He did a beautiful job of painting the desk. 他油漆了书桌，活干得很漂亮。 beauty n. 美人，美景，美好的东西 beautnight! Lesson 82 I had … [词汇]（5） breakfast n. 早饭 haircut n. 理发 party n. 聚会 holiday n. 假日 Lesson 83 Going on holiday [词汇]（5） mess n. 杂乱，凌乱 pack v. 包装，打包，装箱 suitcase n. 手提箱 leave v. 离开 already adv. 已经 ★mess n. 杂乱，凌乱 Excuse the mess. 乱七八y contest 选美 beautify v. 美化 beautiful 风景的美丽，形容女性和儿童 pretty 漂亮的，迷人的 handsome adj. 英俊的 charming adj. 迷人的，有魅力的 [语法] 现在完成时的特殊结构 have/has been to a place 曾经去过某地，但现在不在那个地方了 have been there 到过那里 My father is only 45 years old. But he has already been toWhat's on? KEN: 'Paris in the spring'. GEORGE: Oh, I've already seen it. I saw it on television last year. It's an old film, but it's very good. KEN: Paris is a beautiful city. GEORGE: I've never been there. Have you ever been there, Ken? KEN: Yes, I have. I was there in April. GEORGE: Pairs in the spring, eh? KEN: It was spring, but the weather was awful. It rained all the time. GEORGE: Just like London! [课文注解] 1、Have you ever been there, Ken? have been to…到过……。have been there到过那里，have been to school/ work/ church之前不加the。 ever常用于否定句、疑问句以及表示条件的从句中表示“以往任何时候”、“曾经”、“在任何时候”、“从来”这类的意思。 2、What’s on? 上演什么电影？ be on 上演 3、all the time 一直，始终 4、Just like London! just是“正好”，“恰恰是”的意思。 Have you just been on…（just是指时间，有“刚才”的意思） Lesson 87 A car crash [词汇]（7） attendant n. 接待员 bring (brought/brought) v. 带来，送来 garage n. 车库，汽车修理厂 crash n. 碰撞 lamp-post 灯杆 repair v. 修理 try v. 努力，设法 ★attendant n. 接待员 attend 参加 attend school 上学= go to school attend a meeting 出席会议 attend a wedding 参加婚礼 attend a lecture 参加演讲 attend a funeral 参加葬礼 attend a ceremony 参加仪式 attend church 去教堂 join 参加某个组织，成为其成员 join in 使……成为成员，参加，加入；与某人一道参加某种活动 Would you like to join in us? 一块做某事 take part in 参加，强调参加人的作用，与某人一道参加某种活动，强调在其中起了作用 ★bring (brought/brought) v. 带来，送来 bring 带来；take 带走；fetch 去拿来；get 拿，常用于口语中 go into the garage let sb.do sth. Let's go into the garage. ★crash n. 碰撞 have a crash 碰车 They have a crash every week. ★repair v. 修理 ① v. 修理；修复；修补 I’ll have to get the bicycle repaired. She looked into the mirror and began to repair her face. 她向镜中望去，开始往脸上重敷脂粉。 ② v. 弥补；修复；赔偿 How can I repair the mistake I have made? It will take a while to repair the confidence of the general public. 要恢复公众的信心尚需要一些时间。 repair 用一定的技能修理什么东西 fix 同上，一般美语中用的较多 mend 修理打破或打碎的东西，一般指结构较为简单的，不需要特殊技能 do up 修理小东西，renovate翻新，结构比较简单 patch 打补丁，衣服或车胎坏了，修补一下 ★try v. 努力，设法 ① v. 试图；设法，努力 He is trying to move the book shelf. 他正试图搬动那个书架。 They tried hard to repair the damaged car. 他们竭尽全力修理那辆被损坏了的汽车。 ② v. 尝试，试用；试验 I’ll try that Italian restaurant next time. 下次我要到那家意大利餐馆去尝尝他们的菜。 have a try 尝试 It's a good try. 很好的尝试 try one's best/do one's best 尽某人最大的努力 Do your best! Try your best! I want to try my best. I have already tried my best. try to do sth. 试着去做某事 Can your mechanics repair my car? They are still working on it. They're trying to repair it. manage to do sth. 设法做成了某事 I managed to repair my car yesterday. try one's luck 试试某人的运气 try one’s hard at 尝试着做某事 [课文] MR. WOOD: Is my car ready yet? ATTENDANT: I don't know. sir. What's the number of your car? MR. WOOD: It's LFZ 312G. ATTENDANT: When did you bring it to us? MR. WOOD: I brought it here three days ago. ATTENDANT: Ah, yes, I remember now. MR. WOOD: Have your mechanics finished yet? ATTENDANT: No, they're still working on it. Let's go into the garage and have a look at it. ATTENDANT: Isn't that your car? MR. WOOD: Well, it was my car. ATTENDANT: Didn't you have a crash? MR. WOOD: That's right. I drove it into a lamp-post. Can your mechanics repair it? ATTENDANT: Well, they're trying to repair it, sir. But to tell you the truth. you need a new car! [课文注释] 1、Ｗhen did you bring it to us? bring表示“送来”、“带来”和“拿来”的意思，在方位上多指朝说话人而来。 2、…they’re still working on it. work on表示“从事”、“干（某事）” ３、在英文中可用一般疑问句的否定形式来表示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复。 Isn’t that your car? Didn’t you have a crash? ４、drive into 撞倒…… ５、they’re trying to repair it 他们正在设法修理 they后面接to+动词不定式 Lesson 88 Have you…yet? buy—bought—bought lose—lost—lost find—found—found make—made—made meet—met—met get—got—get send—sent—sent have—had—had sweep—swept—swept hear—heard—heard tell—told—told leave—left—left Lesson 89 For sale [词汇]（12） believe v. 相信，认为 may modal verb （用于请求许可）可以 how long 多长 since prep. 自从 why adv. 为什么 sell v. 卖，出售 because conj. 因为 retire v. 退休 cost v. 花费 pound n. 英镑 worth prep. 值……钱 penny n. 便士 ★believe v. 相信，认为 I don’t believe you. 不相信某人说的话。 believe + (that) 从句（宾语从句） He failed again because he is very lazy. believe of +短语 He failed again because of his laziness. believe in sb. 信任某人 We believe in each other. 互相信任。 trust 信任（侧重于信任某人的能力） Don’t trust the person who dare not look into your eyes. belief n. （某人的）信仰，信条 We need to have strong belief in ourselves. believable adj. 可信的 unbelievable adj. 不可信的 ★sell v. 卖，出售 for sale 待售 on sale 打折 salesman 推销员 salesmanager 销售经理 ★retire v. 退休 ① v. 退休；离职 He’s going to retire soon from the sea. 不久他将退休，结束其航海生涯。 ② v. 退出；退隐 He often retireds to his country house at weekends. 他周末通常到他那个乡间别墅生活。 The ladies retired, and the gentlemen went on drinking and chatting. 女士们离席退出，先生们则继续喝酒聊天。 ★cost v. 花费（物体做主语） The coat costs $30. How much does this house cost? ★worth prep. 值……钱（物体的真正实际价值） ① prep. 相当于……价值，值……钱 How much is the necklace worth? every penny of it 一分钱一分货 This coat is worth every penny of it. ② prep. 具有……价值；值得 be worth doing 值得…… The book is worth reading. prove one’s worth 证明某人的价值 cost是指得到一件东西所花费的钱，其真正的价值可能低于或高于所要的价，这种价格主要是指商店内的标价或货主索要的价格。 worth主要是指某物的本身价值。 [语法] for与since 在现在完成时中，since + 时间点：表示某个动作是何时开始的；for + 时间段：表示某个动作持续多长时间 I have already lived here for 20 years. I have lived here since 1976. Since when has he been there? [课文] NIGEL: Good afternoon. I believe that this is house is for sale. IAN: That's right. NIGEL: May I have a look at it, please? IAN: Yes, of course. Come in. NIGEL: How long have you lived here? IAN: I've live here for twenty years. NIGEL: Twenty year! That's long time. IAN: Yes, I've been here since 1976. NIGEL: Then why do you want to sell it? IAN: Because I've just retired. I want to buy a small house in the country. NIGEL: How much does this house cost? IAN: $68,500. NIGEL: Well, I like the house, but I can't decide yet. My wife must see it first. IAN: Women always have the last word. [课文注释] 1、I can’t decide yet. decision n. 决定 decide to do sth. make up one’s mind 下定决心 determine to do sth. be determined to do sth. (determined adj. 坚决的，决定了的) I am determined to give up this work. ２、have the last word 最后拍板 Lesson 90 Have you…yet? cut—cut—cut come—came—come rise—rose—risen put—put—put give—gave—given see—saw—seen read—read—read swim—swam—swam speak—spoke—spoken set—set—set take—took—taken shut—shut—shut eat—ate—eaten do—did—done go—went—gone Lesson 91 Poor Ian! [词汇]（7） still adv. 还，仍旧 move v. 搬家 miss v. 想念，思念 neighbour n. 邻居 person n. 人 people n. 人们 poor adj. 可怜的 ★still adv. 还，仍旧 ① adv. 还是，仍然 I still don’t understand what he meant. ② adv. 还要，甚至更 She looked very ill last week and this week looks still worse. ③ adv. 静止地；安静地 He is sitting still. 他一动不动地坐着。 The patient is lying still. 病人安静地躺着。 ★move v. 搬家；感动 The story moves me. move to 搬到……地方 move in 搬进 move out 搬出来 move away 搬走 move into 搬进（由外到内的过程） ★miss v. 想念，思念 ① v. 想念，惦念 ② v. 错过；未做到 He overslept and missed his train. 他睡过了头，错过了他那班火车。 I missed an opportunity of realizing my dream. 我错过了一个可能实现自己梦想的机会。 ★person n. 人 personal adj. 个人的 personality 人格 personality manager 人事管理者 HR=Human Resource 人力资源部 ★people n. 人们 ten people 十个人 the peoples of China and USA（指两国人民，用复数形式） [语法] 一般将来时 概念：打算或将来要发生（做）的事情 结构： S+ will +V原 S+ won’t +V原 Will +S +V原 Yes, S +will. No, S +won’t. 第一人称 I/we shall +V原 shall not =shan’t will除表示纯粹的将来时间外，还表示说话人的意图和意愿，而shall除了表示将来时间外同时还表示说话人的责任或决心 与一般将来时连用的时间短语：in a day’s time（一天以后），in a year’s time（一年以后），in two weeks’ time（两周后），in three months’ time（3个月后）等等。 [课文] CATHERING: Has Ian sold his house yet? JENNY: Yes, he has. He sold it last week. CATHERING: Has he moved to his new house yet? JENNY: No, not yet. He's still here. He's going to move tomorrow. CATHERING: When? Tomorrow afternoon. JENNY: No. Tomorrow afternoon. I'll miss him. He has always been a good neighbour. LIDA: He's a very nice person. We'll all miss him. CATHERING: When will the new people move into this house? JENNY: I think that they'll move in the day after tomorrow. LINDA: Will you see Ian today, Jenny? JENNY: Yes, I will. LINDA: Please give him my regards. CATHERING: Poor Ian! He didn't want to leave this house. JENNY: No, he didn't want to leave, but his wife did! Lesson 92 When will …? TODAY this moring this afternoon this evening tonight TOMORROW tomorrow morning tomorrow afternoon tomorrow evening tomorrow night THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW the day after tomorrow in the moring 相关链接：教学论文 |
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