2015中考英语语法总复习讲义专题三:代词(中考复习英语) |
||||
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语论文 → 中考复习指导 2015-07-22 手机版 | ||||
中考对代词的考查主要为:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,疑问代词,不定代词, 一.人称代词: 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 it/she/he it/her/him they them 1.主格作主语,宾格作表语或动词或介词的宾语. He teaches _____(we) Chinese . / I’m waiting for you.(介词的宾语) / It’s me.(宾格做表语) 2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为: 单数:(二,三,一)——(You, she and I ) 复数:(一,二,三)——(we , you and they ) 注::若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) eg: She and I have been to Beijing .(一般情况) Who broke the window ? I and Mike .(承担责任) 注:it 还有一些特别的用法。 1) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.“看起来像。….” 2)用作形式主语,常用于 “It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样” . QQ378459309制作 3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth” 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. 主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . I find it difficult to remember these wors. 二.物主代词:物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 物主代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 my our your your its/his/her their 名词性 mine ours yours yours its/his/hers theirs 1、形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用. eg: My name is Tom.( 形容词性物主代词) 2、名词性物主代词,后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用 He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg:Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . / This is a friend of ______(my). 注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends) 2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 三. 反身代词:“某某自己;亲自” 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f 替. 反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy oneself过得愉快 hurt oneself受伤 teach oneself = learn..by oneslf自学 help oneself to …随便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下 dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself提高某人自己 四.指示代词 单数 this that 复数 these those 1、指示代词的用法: (1)this /these ①指较近的事和人: This is my pen. / These are my books. (2) that /those①指较远的事和人: That is her sister. / Those are her sisters. ②指上面刚提到的事情eg:He was ill.That’s why he didn’t go to school. 2. 注意 that / those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than ___in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those 3.在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. eg:This is Tom speaking . 我是汤姆 Who is that ?你是谁? 五、疑问代词:(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词,通常位于句首,引出特殊疑问句。 如:who 作主语,表语,宾语但不能放介词后Who wants to go with me? whom who的宾格形式,作宾语To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式,作定语Whose wallet is this? 这是谁的钱包? what 可询问职业What’s your father? He is a teacher. who 可询问身份和姓名Who is the boy in red? He is Jim. what 指不定数目中的那一个。“什么,哪一些,”无范围What would you like? which “ 哪一个”指在一定范围内特指的人或物Which bike is yours? 哪辆自行车是你的 六.不定代词的区别. 1.one与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . May I borrow it ? 2.some与any 的区别①一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any . ②但在疑问句中,若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some。此类句型常以could, would开头或what about /how about 的句中。 May I have some water ?( 希望得到肯定的回答) 3.many与much的区别 Many+可数名词的复数 ;Much+不可数名词,都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . 4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别 表否定(几乎没有) 表肯定(有一点) 修饰可数名词 few a few 修饰不可数名词 little a little 例题:His story is easy to read,there are _____ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _____ time left . 5.each / every 的区别 ★each 强调个体,表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个. every 强调整体,表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个. There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street . / ____ student has read a story . ★:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _______(study )hard . 6. no one 与none 的区别 no one 指人,表示没有人, 不能与of 连用, 谓语常用单数。 none of +复数名词/ 代词,作主语时,既指人又可指物,谓语常用单数。. The boys were all tired , but _____ of them stopped to have a rest . . 7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别 都 都不 任何一个 两者之间 both neither either 三者或三者以上 all none any There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注意: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none. 2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数; neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers. 3).词组 A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组: not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor … Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV . B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则. Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right . One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park. C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也” He doesn’t like the book,either. 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. ; What 的回答: 用nothing 回答. How many students are there in the classroom ? __________. Who can answer the question ? _______. A. None B.No one C.Nothing 单数 复数 泛指 another三者或三者上的另一个 others=other+名词复数 (别的人或物,但不是全部) 特指 one...the other 一个……另一个 the others=the other+名词复数 (其余所有的人或物) 注释: 1) one …the other …表示两者之间的一个…另一个…… 2) some… others… 表示一些…… 另一些…… 3) another 表示三者及三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数. ★ another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”another ten teachers=ten more teachers I have two brothers , one is a teacher , ______ is a worker . Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window 9.复合不定代词. some any no every thing something anything nothing everything one someone anyone no one everyone body somebody anybody nobody everybody 注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. eg;Everything is ready. 2.形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else须放在复合不定代词后。: I want to give you something different to eat.. / something else(其它的东西) 3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后. Would you like something to eat? 4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中, 1)指人的不定代词, everybody,nobody,anyone, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they . Everybody is here,aren’t they? 2)指物的不定代词, everything ,something,nothing等 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it . Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ? 5.any ,anything ,anyone, anyboby 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人” everyone 指每个,人人,大家 不与of 连用 every one 指每个人、物 可与of 连用 6、 Every one of us has seen the film . Everyone should do their best . 相关链接:中考复习指导 中考复习中考复习指导
|
·语文课件下载
| |||
『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』 | ||||
【上一篇】【下一篇】 【教师投稿】 |