初三英语第十九单元Mainly Revision
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 教学设计 手机版


科目 英语
年级 初三
文件　middle3 unit19.doc
标题 Mainly Revision
章节 第十九单元
关键词 内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
thousand , satellite , universe , man - made , space , spaceship , programme = program, knowledge , develop, enjoyable , channel , so far , send up , with one' help
Ⅱ. 句型结构
How many kilometres by train is it from Nanjing to Wuhan ?
How far away is Sydney from Beijing ?
Satellites are used by people for sending and receiving messages .
Which channel is the programme on ?
Ⅲ . 语法学习
1. 一般现在时，一般过去时及含有情态动词的被动语态。
2. 简单构词法：合成法，派生法。
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1. thousand 千
He had at least two thousand books .
There were thousands of people there .
〖点拨〗thousand 前如有数词修饰，则 thousand 不加 s , 如加了 s 后必带 of 补语。
2. satellite 卫星
The moon is a satellite of the earth .
man - made satellite 人造卫星
3. universe 宇宙
There are a lot of wonderful things in the universe .
4. man - made 人造的；人工的
There is a man - made lake in the centre of the city .
5. space 空间；太空；空地
Between the earth and the moon there is nothing but empty space . 地球和月亮之间只有茫茫太空。
Is there any space for another bed in the room ? 房间里还有空地方放张床吗 ?
Put this chair in the space between the two tables . 将这把椅子放在两张桌子之间。
Leave a space after the word . 在那个单词后面留个空。
〖点拨〗space 当“太空”讲时，其前一般不用冠词，但被其他形容词修饰时可用 the。如：In the dark space .
6. spaceship 宇宙飞船
He is the man who first stepped out of the spaceship on the moon . 他是第一个在月球上走出宇宙飞船的人。
I want to travel in spaceship one day . 我希望有一天我会乘宇宙飞船去太空旅行。
7. programme 节目，演出节目程序
What is your favourite television programme ?
Did you see that programme on animals ? 你看过动物 ( 世界 ) 那个节目吗 ?
The programme was a great success . 演出很成功。
〖点拨〗programme 的另一拼法为 program .
8. knowledge 知识；学问；熟悉
English is a bridge to so much knowledge .
Knowledge is power . 知识就是力量。
We are learning knowledge in school .
My knowledge of French is poor . 我的法语知识很差。
He has a good knowledge of London . 他对伦敦的情况很熟悉。
〖点拨〗下面单词中的k 不发音：know 知道，了解；known 知名的。又如：knock 敲，打；knife 小刀；knee 膝盖
9. develop 发展，开发；产生 ( 动词 )
The city has developed into the centre of industry . 该城市已发展成为工业中心。
Her friendship with Jane developed slowly .
〖点拨〗developing 发展中的，developed 发达的。
China is a developing country while Japan is a developed one .
10 . enjoyable 愉快的；有趣的
It is an enjoyable holiday .
Swimming in this beautiful lake is enjoyable .
〖点拨〗同义词为：pleasant .
11. channel 频道
Did you enjoy the TV play shown on Channel 2 last night ? 你喜欢昨晚二频道的那个电视剧吗 ?
You can always find your favourite TV programme on channel 1 . 在一频道你总能找到你喜欢的节目。
〖点拨〗在第……频道常用介词 on。
单元词组思维运用
1. talk about 谈论……
Talk about this picture , and ask a friend questions about it .
Mrs Green is talking about getting ready for Christmas .
When we talk about the universe , we mean the earth , the sun , the moon and the stars , and the space between them . 当我们谈到宇宙的时候，我们指的是地球、太阳、月亮、星星以及它们之间的太空。
2. so far 到目前为止 ( 常与完成时态连用 )
So far , no man has travelled farther than the moon . 直到现在，还没有人旅行到比月球更远的地方。
So far he has done very well at school . 到目前为止，他在学校学习得很好。
They haven't seen each other so far .
3. send up 发射
Man - made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries . 许多国家都向空间发射了人造卫星。
Many countries have sent up man - made satellites to go round the earth . 许多国家已经发射了人造卫星环绕地球运行。
China sent up its first man - made satellite into space in 1970 . 1970年，中国向空间发射了它的第一颗人造卫星。
注意：send it / them up
4. make a telephone call to 打电话 ( 给某人 )
We can also use satellites to help us make telephone calls to foreign countries . 我们还可以用人造卫星帮助我们向外国打电话。
Half the world's telephone calls are made in English .
Don't forget to make a telephone call to him .
5. all the time 一直；始终；总是
They are swimming all the time .
Our knowledge of the universe is growing all the time . 我们对宇宙的了解不断地在增长。
6. knowledge of 对…的了解
I have no knowledge of his life . 我对于他的生活一点也不了解。
She has a good knowledge of cooking . 她很懂得烹调。
7. be on 上演，电视演出
What's on tonight ? 今晚演什么节目 ?
What's on at the Capital Cinema ? 首都电影院在演什么 ?
8. put up 举起；贴
Put up your hands if you have any questions .
She put up a picture on the wall .
9. put away 把……收起来放好
It's time for our English class , Please put away your other books . 现在该上英语课了，请你们把其它的书收起来。
10. land on 登陆，着陆；降落在
We landed on the island .
11. with one's help = with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下
With the teacher's help , she's learned English well .
For example , with their help China can send its TV and radio programmes to the other side of the world . 例如，借助它们 ( 人造卫星 ) ，中国可以把电视和无线电节目播送到地球的另一边。
12. on time 准时，按时 in time及时，迟早
The plane landed at the airport on time .
We go to bed on time as well as we get up .
They were in time for the train .
13. be about 关于
What was the programme about ?
It was about the Great Green wall . 节目的内容是关于绿色长城的事。
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. How many . . . ( by . . . ) is it from . . . to . . .
How many kilometres by train is it from Beijing to Shanghai ?
这是一个问两地距离的句型。it 代表距离，from . . . to 表示“从某处到某处”。
How many kilometres by air is it from Shanghai to Beijing ?
from . . . to . . . 表示“从……到……”
The story was interesting from beginning to end .
注意：在75课中，也有一种询问距离的句型，它不是具体地问有多少公里，而是问“有多远”。句中直接用地名作主语，不用 it 作形式主语。如：
— How far away is Sydney from Beijing ? 悉尼离北京有多远 ?
— Sydney is 10 , 400 kilometres away from Beijing . 悉尼离北京是10，400公里远。
这个句型中的“be . . . away”是“有……远”。又如：
The shop is only a few minutes' walk away .
How far away is your school from here ?
2. Man - made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries . 许多国家都向空中发射了人造卫星。
本句中 have been sent up 是现在完成时的被动语态。又如：
A new school has been opened in my home town . 我的家乡开办了一所新的学校。
3. I don't think any of them is interesting . 我认为它们中哪个也没有趣。
其中 any of them is interesting 是宾语从句。think 等动词后面的宾语从句，要想表示否定意义时，要否定主语的谓语动词。如：
I don't think he is a teacher . 我认为他不是老师。
4. There must be something wrong with the TV . 这台电视机一定出了毛病。
There be sth . wrong with …出了毛病
如：There was something wrong with the bike yesterday . 这辆自行车昨天出了毛病。
5. Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away . 许多星星人们看不见，因为他们太遥远了。
can not 在口语中常略为 can't。也可写成一个单词，即句中的 cannot。
6. The moon travels round the earth . 月亮绕着地球转。
(1) 句中的 travels 即为 moves , travel 常意为“旅行”。例如：
The foreigner has travelled around the whole world . 这位外国人游历了全世界。
(2) round 与 around 的用法：
round 有“环绕”之意，与它连用的动词带有活动性。例如：
The birds flew round the hill . 鸟儿在那座山周转盘旋飞翔。
around 指“围绕”，与它连用的动词带有静止性。例如：
They sat around the round table . 他们围坐在圆桌旁。
7. It is quite near us in space . 在太空，月球离我们相当近。
It 在此指 the moon。
句中的 near 为介词。in space 意为“在空间”，“在太空”，space 前不可用冠词。
8. … , and it has been visited by man already . …，人类已去过月球。
(1) has been visited 为现在完成时的被动语态。
(2) 句中的 man 意为“人”，“人类”。例如：
Man is a tool - making animal . 人是制造工具的动物。
9. So far , no man has travelled farther than the moon . 到目前为止，没有人去过比月球更远的地方。
so far 意为“到现在为止”，句中须用现在完成。例如：
So far we've learned about seven hundred English words . 到目前为止，我们学了大约700个英语单词。
10. Man - made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries . 许多国家都向空中发射了人造卫星。
(1) have been sent up 为现在完成时的被动语态。
(2) send up “发射”。例如：
As soon as you get to the top of the hill , send up a red flare . 你们一到达山顶，马上发射一颗红色信号弹。
11. …and help us to learn more about the earth , …to help us make telephone calls… ……帮助我们更多地了解地球，……帮助我们打电话……
(1) 上面两句中的宾语 us 后都是动词不定式作宾语补足语。当句中谓语动词是 help 时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式既可用 to，也可不用 to。
(2) 当句中的谓语动词是使役动词 make , let , have 或感观动词 see , look , watch , hear , listen 等词时，后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不用 to。例如：
Who made you do this ? 谁让你做这的 ?
We saw him come out of the room . 我们看见他走出房间。
I often listen to her sing popular songs . 我常听她唱流行歌曲。
12. Our knowledge of the universe is growing all the time . 我们对宇宙的认识一直在增长。
(1) all the time “一直；始终”。例如：
That student didn't listen to his teacher in class . He talked all the time .
They were laughing all the time .
(2) 句中的 knowledge 意为“了解”，“认识”。例如：
We don't think they have got enough knowledge of this new city .
(3) knowledge 常作“知识”用。例如：
Book knowledge comes from practice . 书本知识来自实践。
13. But thanks to satellites , the world itself is becoming a much smaller place… 然而由于太空人造卫星，这世界本身正变得越来越小……
(1) 句中的 inself 是反身代词，起强调语气的作用，如果不用，此句仍然完整正确。
I did this myself . ( 或：I myself did this . ) 这是我亲自做的。
(2) 当动作的承受者变为动作的发出者时，句中的宾语用反身代词，此时再不是前面所谈到的“强调”作用。因此，这时的反身代词在句中不可略去。例如：
I teach myself French . 我自学法语。 ( 即：我教我自己 )
14. —Which channel is it on ? 哪个频道有好的电视节目 ?
—It is usually found on Channel 1 . 1频道经常可看到好的电视节目。
(1) 句中的 it 指文中前句中的 our favourite TV programme。
(2) It is usually found 为一般现在时的被动语态。
15. Older people must be spoken to politely . 对老人讲话必须要有礼貌。
比较主动语态：We must speak to older people politely . 很明显，older people 是介词 to 的宾语，当用被动语态表达时，older people 提到句首，介词 to 则保留在原处。请看下列句子：
Our teacher must be listened to carefully . ( You must listen to your teacher carefully . )
This kind of things is often talked about . ( People often talk about this kind of things . )
16. 同义词 between 与 among 的区别
这两个介词都表示“在……之间 ( 中 ) ”，但 between 指两者之间，among 指三个或三个以上之间。如：
She was sitting between John and Mary .
She was sitting among a crowd of children .
There is a little river between the two countries .两国之间有一条小河。
There is a little house among the trees . 树丛之中有一所小房子。
The song is very popular among young people . 这首歌在青年之中很流行。
I'll see you between 2∶30 and 3∶30 . 我在两点半至三点半钟之间来看你。
17. as…as…的用法
①如果我们说两个东西在某方面是一样的，我们就可用 as + 形容词 ( 或副词 ) + as . 如：
It's as cold as ice . 它像冰一样冷。
I shall work as hard as possible .
I would like to see him as soon as possible . 我想尽早见到他。
Water it well . as often as possible . 请尽可能经常地好好给它浇水。
②如果涉及数量，我们可用 as much…as… 或 as many…as…，或在 much , many 后面加一个名词。如：
Polly is trying to learn English , Please speak to her in English as much as possible every day . 波莉(鸟)正在努力学习英语，请尽可能与它多讲英语。
Take as much as you need . 你需要多少就拿多少。
We need as many records as possible . 我们需要尽量多地弄到一些唱片。
〖注意〗much 后面接不可数名词。many 后面接可数名词。
18. 同义词 say , speak , talk 和 tell 的区别：
(1) say ( 说，讲 ) ，指以口头或书面语言表达思想，着重于所讲的内容。可用于直接引语或间接引语。如：
What did you want to say ? 你想要说些什么 ?
It is said in the newspaper that we're going to have a cold winter . 据报上说，今年冬天将很冷。
(2) speak ( 讲话，讲演 ) ，着重说话的动作，指开口说或连续不断地说，不强调所说的内容。还常指讲外语的能力。另外，打电话时只用 speak。如：
Who's going to speak at today's meeting ? 今天的会上谁发言 ?
Can you speak English ? 你能说英语吗 ?
May I speak to Kate , Please ? ( 打电话用语 ) 请找凯特讲话，好吗 ?
(3) talk ( 说，讲，谈话 ) ，与 speak 意义较近，但不如 speak 正式。talk 更常指与人交谈，或个人单方面的谈话。如：
He talks too much . 他说得太多了。
What were they talking about ? 他们在谈些什么 ?
People are beginning to talk about her . 人们开始在议论她。
(4) tell (告诉，讲)，多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人。除直接接truth(真话)，joke(笑话) lie (谎言)，story(故事)，news (消息) 等外，必须接双宾语。有时还有嘱咐、辨别、识别之义。如：
He is telling a story . 他在讲故事。
I can't tell one from another . 我不能把两者区别开来。
【妙文赏析】
Balzac as Handwriting Expert
Balzac , the famous French writer , was a man of great talent . But he himself was proud of his ability to tell a person's character by his or her handwriting . He often told his friends that he could tell anybody's character exactly by his handwriting .
One day a woman friend brought him a young boy's exercise book . She said that she wanted to know what Balzac thought of the boy's character .
Balzac studied the handwriting carefully for a few minutes . The woman , however , told him that the boy was not her son and that he might tell her the truth .
“All right , ”said Balzac . “I shall tell you the truth . The boy is a bad , lazy fellow . ”
“It is very strange , ”said the woman smiling . “This is a page from your own exercise book , which you used when you were a boy . ”
【思维体操】
请你认真思考回答下面七个问题：
Questions：
1. What has a tongue but can't talk ?
2. What has a ear but can't hear ?
3. What has a head but can't think ?
4. What has a foot but can't walk ?
5. What's the best thing to take when you're rundown ?
6. What stays hot even if put in a refrigerator ?
7. What is the best year for a kangaroo ?
答案：Ⅰ . 1 . An envelope 2 . An ear of corn 3 . A nail 4 . A bed 5 . The licence number of the car that hit you . 6 . Pepper 7 . Leap year
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元语法发散思维
短语动词的被动语态
通常只有及物动词才有被动语态，但有些短语动词在意义上相当于及物动词，所以也有被动语态句型。短语动词在主动语态中是一个不可分割的词组，在被动语态中也是如此，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。如76课中有：
Older people must be spoken to politely . ( 被动语态 )
We must speak to older people politely . ( 主动语态 )
其中 older people 是介词 to 的宾语。当主动语态变成被动语态时，older people 放在句首，而介词 to 仍保留在原处。又如：
We have sent for the doctor . 我们派人请医生去了。
The doctor has been sent for . 已经派人请医生去了。
单元各项要点归纳
※ 有关购物方面的交际用语
(1) 店员招呼顾客：
Can I help you ? / What can I do for you ? 你想买点什么 ( 东西 ) ?
(2) 顾客告诉店员要买什么：
I need…/ I want… / I want to buy / get… ( sth . ) / I'd like to buy / get… ( sth . ) / Would you let me have a look at… ?
(3) 店员询问顾客想买什么：
What / How about… ? / Which would / do you like ? / What kind would you like to see ?
(4) 挑选商品，谈论商品的尺寸、大小和颜色：
It's too small / large ./ It's not large enough . / I don't like the colour . / The colour is too dark / light . / May I try it on ? / Try on , please .
(5) 关于价格：
How much is it ? / How much , please ? / How much does it cost ? / It costs too much . / It's… ( money ) / It's too much / expensive . / It's not cheap enough . / That's all right . I'll take it .
2. 有关问路方面的用语及其应答
(1) Excuse me , can you tell me the way to… ? / Excuse me , how can I get to… ? / Excuse me,where is…?
(2) Go along/down/up this road . / Go across the bridge / the street . / Turn left/right at the first/second crossing . /You'll find…on the left / right . / It's between…and… . You can't miss it .
3. 表示命令、请求和指示的祈使句
Do sth . , please . / Don't do sth . , please .
4. 询问某物由什么制成
What's it made of ? / It's made of…
5. 询问某物的产地
Where is it made / produced / grown ? /It's made / produced / grown in…
6. 询问某物的用途
What is it used for ? / It's used for…
7. 表示物体的长 / 高 / 宽 / 深的句型
Sth . is…long / high / wide / deep .
【动手动脑】
单元能力立体检测
Ⅰ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. Have you got ____ to eat ? ( something )
2. The doctor said that his mother needed an ____ . ( operate )
3. If you study hard , your ____ will grow . ( know )
4. The bike hit the truck and the man got ____ hurt . ( bad )
5. What do Mr Green say about ____ to England ? ( travel )
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. Ask ____ to help you .
　A. anybody else B. else anybody C. somebody else D. else somebody
2. It's a bit cool here , You'd better ____ your coat .
　A. not take off B. not to take off C. don't take off D. to not take off
3. I have been in this school ____ .
A. for 1989 B. for last gear C. since 1970 D. by 1985
4. I have ____ friends here and they often visit me .
　 A. few B. a few C. a little D. much
5. The earth is ____ the moon .
　A. as big as B. not so big as C. bigger than D. as bigger as
6 . Do you remember ____ ?
　A. how it is done B. how to do it C. it how to be done D. how is it done
7. This morning I got to school ____ than Li Lei .
　A. early 20 minutes B. earlier 20 minutes C. 20 minutes early D. 20 minutes earlier
8. The sick girl ____ to be hospital at once .
A. must send B. be must sent C. must be sent D. be sent
9. I will spend ____ on reading the book .
　A. a hour and a half B. an hour and a half
　C. one hour and half D. hour and one half
10. How often do you go to the theatre ?
— ____ .
　A. Twice a month B. By car C. With friends D. Perhaps Monday
Ⅲ. 按要求变换下列各句，每空一词，缩写算一词：
1. Both of the books are interesting . ( 改为否定句 )
____ book ____ interesting .
2. He wrote a letter to his mother last night . ( 改为被动语态 )
A letter ____ ____ ____ him to his mother last night .
3. It took me ( half an hour ) to do my homework . ( 就划线部分提问 )
____ ____ ____ it ____ you to do your homework ?
4. I think English is an interesting subjects . ( 改写句子，句意不变 )
I am very ____ ____ English .
5. Shanghai is a beautiful city . ( 改为感叹句 )
____ ____ ____ city Shanghai is !
Ⅳ. 根据所给汉语完成下列句子，每空一词
1. 李雷的父亲不吸烟不喝酒。
Li Lei's father ____ drinks ____ smokes .
2. 因为离我们太远，所以许多星星看不见。
Many of the stars ____ ____ ____ because they're too ____ ____ .
3. 这个节目通常在3频道播出。
This programme ____ usually found ____ Channel 3 .
4. 对我们来说，学好一门外语不容易。
It's not easy for us ____ ____ a ____ ____ well .
5. 许多国家用人造卫星发射和接收信息。
Many countries use man - made satellites ____ ____ and ____ messages .
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. anything 2. operation 3. knowledge 4. badly 5.travelling
Ⅱ. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A
Ⅲ. 1. Neither…is 2. was written by 3. How long did…take… 4.interested in 5. what a beautiful
Ⅳ. 1. neither…nor 2. can't be seen , far away 3. are , on 4. to learn , foreign language 5. to send , receive
【创新园地】
请猜出下面四个灯谜的谜底
(1)Two little brothers
Live near each other .
One lives on one side ,
The other on the other side .
They hear what you say .
But they don't see each other .
What are they ?
(2)You have two little windows ,
Which you open in the morning .
But you close them at night .
When a man looks into them ,
He can see his own face .
What are they ?
(3)Thousands in one big family ,
Are busy every day ,
Making sweets for others ,
And giving them away .
What are they ?
(4)I have a piece for your ear ,
And a piece for your mouth .
You sometimes hear me ringing .
You can speak to your friends ,
Although you're alone .
What am I ?
创新园地答案：1. ears 2. eyes 3. bees 4. telephone

·语文课件下载
·语文视频下载
·语文试题下载

·语文备课中心



『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』


【上一篇】【下一篇】   【教师投稿】 
本站管理员：尹瑞文 微信：13958889955