Unit 1 Madame Curie
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Teaching objectives and demands:
1. Words and expressions:
Madame; disappoint; disappointing; willing; devote to; go over; have…to with; radium; Poland; overcoat; succeed in; graduation; industrial; uranium; give off; ray; radioactive; mineral; polonium; in honor of; motherland; from then on; go by; endless; above all; believe in; work hard at; ground floor; bench; lead; false; set off; cure; disadvantage; effect; shock; post; gram; institute; admire; determination/ courage; battlefield; heart and soul; pay off; debt
2. The daily expressions in communication:
I’m sure….
I’m not sure….
I’m not sure whether….
I’m not sure if….
I doubt if….
3. Grammar: Attributive clause.
4. Language use: After learning this unit, the students are supposed to learn from Madame Curie of her devoting herself to science.
Teaching time: 5 periods.
Lesson 1
Step 1. Revision
Ask Ss for names of famous scientists, both Chinese and others.
Now tell each other what these famous scientists did or discovered.
What other famous scientists do you know?
Famous scientists What they did/discovered
Albert Einstein Theory of Relativity
Thomas Edison Light; telegraph, etc
Stephen Hawking The beginning of space, time and matter
Alexander Bell The telephone
Madame Curie Radium, polonium
Step 2. Presentation
SB Page 1, Part 1. Tell the students that we are going to learn a dialogue in which four doctors are having comments on the meeting.
Now read fast to find the answer to the question:
Is it a good conference this year? (No, not as good as last year’s)
Step 3. Listening
Now listen to the dialogue and find out this information:
① When were the meeting held? (Last week)
② What were meeting about? (Medical conference)
③ How many doctors were there in the dialogue? (Four)
Pick out some students to answer the questions loudly to the rest of the class.
Step 4. Reading and explanations
(1) have something to do with ------ have nothing to do with
What he said and what he did had nothing to do with what had already happened.
The growth of plants has much to do with the climate.
Did Jane have anything to do with that quarrel?
Similarly we have “have nothing/little to do with.
(2) I’m sure that….
I’m not sure whether….
I am (not) sure that 对某事(不)肯定/有(没)把握
I am (not) sure + 疑问陈述句 /疑问词+ 不定式
I am not sure whether his talk has anything to do with your research.
I am not sure whether to meet him. ( whether I should meet him.)
He is not sure when to go to Beijing. (when he will go to Beijing.)
(3) How do you find…? = How do you like…
How do you find the story? --Very good!
How do you find this dish? --Very delicious
(4) devote (time/money/ energy) to… (= give much time to)
把…. 献给…, .致力/专心于…. devote oneself to…
I am devoting much time to physics. /studying physics.
She devotes much money to clothes.
She devoted herself to helping the poor.
=She is devoted to helping the poor.
Step 5. Practice
SB P1, Part 2. Teach the new words / phrases go over, wiling, devote.
Go over = to check and make sure that everyone understands it;
Devote much time to this subject= give much time to this subject
I’m not sure = I don’t know
I doubt id = probably not
Step 6. Consolidation
WB Ex.1, Page 73.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 1 in the workbook.
(2) Look up “Madame Curie” in an encyclopedia or in the web.
Lesson 2 Madame Curie (1)
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points of Lesson1.
Step 2. Introduction
What do you know about Madame Curie?
Motherland Poland
Place of birth Warsaw
Time of birth November 7,1867
Her father Physics teacher
Her mother Principle of a primary school
Her interest Physics
Her wish when young Study in Paris university
Step 3. Scanning
Read the text and find out what happened to Madame Curie in the following years:
In 1891 She entered Paris University
I893 She took a first-class degree in physics.
1895 She married Pierre Curie
1898 She discovered polonium
1902 She discovered radium
1903 She received her doctor’s degree
1899-1904 She and Pierre wrote 34 articles about their work.
Step 4. Reading comprehension
SB P3, Part 3. Get the students to mark the sentences with T or F, and then pick out some students to tell their answers to the rest of the class.
T(1, 2, 5, 10) F (3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Step 5. Discussion
SB P3, Part 4.
Step 6 Consolidation
Life is not easy for any of us. We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves. We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work hard at it until we succeed.
1) Will you give us an example to show that life is not easy but we must work?
2) Do you believe in yourself all the time? Give an example.
3) Do you believe that each one of us is able to do something well?
4) Have you found this something yours? What is it?
Step 7. Words and expressions
1.A: Mr.Lin looked unhappy this morning.
B: That's true. He was disappointed at the news that his son failed the exams.
A: I see. That's really disappointing news.
2.After graduation we'll be able to have some other choices besides going to universities.
3.Motherland, fatherland, native land and homeland are the same in meaning.
4.Groundfloor is used in Britain, while first floor, in America.
5.His bad health is a great disadvantage to him, for he even cannot spend the weekend
with his family outside.
6.This medicine did not seem to have much effect, for he still coughed after taking it.
7.The doctor took some X-rays of her, and found she was seriously ill.
8.The girl gave him an admiring look, for she admired his courage and bravery at the battle.
9. Madame Curie devoted herself to the discovery of radium, which plays an important role in modern science.
10.The growth of plants has much to do with the climate.
11.Did Jane have anything to do with that quarrel?
12.The bomb could be set off by the slightest touch.
13.We have celebrations on National Day in honor of our motherland.
Step 8 Language points
(1) At that time women were not admitted to universities in Poland, so Marie was determined to go to Paris and study there. 当时在波兰妇女是不允许进大学的，因此，玛丽决定去巴黎学习。
admit vt.接纳，许可（人/物）进入(allow sb. / sth. to enter)。 例如：
Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year.
我们学校每年只收二百名男女学生。
My sister was lucky to be admitted to Beijing University.被北京大学录取了。
She had a bad headache and was admitted to hospital this morning.
她头疼得很厉害，今天上午（被接收）住院了。
The windows are small and do not admit enough light and air.
窗户都很小，不能让足够的光线和空气进入室内。
(2) She succeeded in taking a first-class degree in physics two years after arriving in Paris. 到巴黎两年以后，她顺利地取得了一级物理学位。
① succeed vi. 成功，获得成功。succeed 后面常跟 in 引起的短语，构成succeed in sth. / doing sth. 的结构，表示“在......方面取得是成功”的意思。succeed in doing sth. 常可以有灵活的译法（见本句译文）。例如：
If you do not succeed at first, you must try again.如果起初没有成功，你必须再试一次。
Did they succeed in their performances last week?他们上周的演出成功了吗？
The Curies succeeded in discovering polonium in 1898.成功地发现了钋。
I am sure they will succeed in passing the examination.肯定他们会顺利地通过考试。
② a first-class degree 大学学位分三级。第一级是最高级，第三级是最低级。
(3) Not long before another scientist had found that uranium gave off rays ...不久以前，另外有位科学家发现过铀元素放出射线的现象.....。
短语动词give off 作“散发”、 “放出” （to send out sth., especially a liquid, gas or smell）解。例如：
Boiling water gives off steam. 沸腾的水散发出蒸气。
The gas gave off an unpleasant smell. 煤气散发出一种难闻的气味。
Let's go out and see the flowers. They're giving off a sweet fragrance.散发出芳香。
(4) There was a certain mineral which was even more radioactive than uranium. 有一种矿物，它具有放射性甚至比铀还强。
本句的定语从句中的形容词比较级 more radioactive 前用了副词 even, 以加强比较的语气和程度。在比较级前可以加的这类词或词组还有 much, far, still, a lot 等。例如：
This problem is much more difficult than that one.这个问题比那个问题难得多。
The next day they got to a far bigger forest (than the first one).
第二天，他们来到一个大得多的森林。
Let's work harder to win still greater success.让我们更加努力以取得更大的成功。
(5) In 1898 she discovered the first of these new radioactive minerals, which she named "polonium" in honour of her motherland — Poland ... 1898年，她现了这些新放射性矿物中的第一种。为向她的祖国—波兰表示敬意，她把这种矿物取名为“钋”......。
介词短语 in honour of sb. / sth. 意思是“为了纪念/尊敬某人/某事”。例如：
A monument was built in honour of their heroic deeds. 为了纪念他们的英雄事迹，
A memorial meeting was held in honour of Dr Bethune. 为纪念白求恩医生而举行
We have celebrations on National Day in honour of our motherland.
(6) They devoted all their hours to working in their laboratory. 把全部时间投入了…
短语动词 devote...to的意思是“专心致志于干某事”(do sth. in a very single-minded way), 短语中的 to 是介词，后接名词或 -ing 形式。 例如：
She devoted all her life to scientific work. 她毕生从事科学工作。
He devoted part of his time to the study of history. 他用一部分时间研究历史。
He devoted every effort to helping the disabled people. 他竭尽一切努力帮助残疾人。
They devoted themselves to the work of children's health care. 致力于儿童保健工作。
(7) We must work, and above all we must believe in ourselves.(=We must work, and first of all we must trust ourselves. ) 我们必须工作，尤其重要的是，必须对自己有信心。
① 句中的 above all 是插入语，意思是“首要的是”(of first importance) 或“尤其是”(most especially)。例如：
This is an important question and, above all, a question of which road to take.
这是一个重要的问题，尤其是走什么道路的问题。
Never waste anything, but above all never waste time. 尤其不可浪费时间。
Cf. 1)after all到底，毕竟。例如：
Let him go．After all, he is not a child．让他走吧，毕竟他不是个孩子了。
2)not at all一点也不。例如：
I'm not at all tired．我一点儿也不累。
3)first of all首先。例如：
First of all, let me introduce myself．首先，让我介绍一下我自己。
4)in all总共。例如：
There are 50 students in all in my class．我们班一共有50名学生。
② believe in (= have faith in, trust) 信赖，信任；而 believe的意思则是“相信某人的话”。试比较：
A: Do you believe him? 你相信他的话吗？
B: Yes, I do. But still he isn't a man to believe in. 我相信他的话，不过他还是一个不能信赖的人。
To live, one must have something to believe in. 为了生活，总得有某种信奉的东西。
(8) We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is, we must work hard at it until we succeed.我们必须相信，我们每一个人都能把某件事情办好；而且，当我们发现这事情是什么的时候，我们就必须努力干下去，直到成功为止。
① 句子分析：这是一个复合句。主句是 We must believe ... ，后跟两个由 that 引导的宾语从句。第一个宾语从句是 each one of us is able to do something well;第二个宾语从句又是一个复合句，其中主句是 we must work hard at it, 后跟一个时间状语从句 until we succeed. 另外还有一个时间状语从句 when we discover ... ,紧接一个宾语从句 what this something is.
② 不定代词 something, anything, nothing 前通常不加定语。此句中的 this something是作者的特殊用法，指上文中 to do something well 中的 something。居里夫人思想中的这个something 是指人们的“生活目标”。something, anything, nothing 等词的定语通常是加在这些词的后面，如 something new, nothing important, anything else等。
③ work hard at 意思是“为了......而努力工作”。例如：
He is working hard at a maths problem.他正在用心做一道数学题。
You can make rapid progress in your English if you work hard at it.
如果你努力学习，你的英语会迅速取得进步。
(9) She refused to treat these new discoveries as though they belonged to her, ... = She refused to regard these new discoveries as her own, ...她不同意把这些新发现看作是属于她自己的东西， ......。连词词组 as though / if 含义是“好似”，“就好像”，通常接方式状语从句。 例如：
I remember the story as though/if it happened only yesterday.
我记得这件事的经过，就好像是昨天才发生似的。
This American girl speaks Chinese as if/though she were a Chinese.
这个美国女孩说起汉语来就像中国人一样。
They talked as if / though they had been old friends. 说话的神情好像老朋友似的。
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 2 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.
Lesson 3 Madame Curie (2)
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Ask the Ss what they have learnt about Madame Curie and the discovery of radium so far during this unit.
Step 2. Presentation
Tell the students to read the text quickly and answer the question:
What does radium do to the human body?
(It can cure cancer and can cause aches, blindness and a disease of the blood.)
Step 3 Reading
Tell the students to read the text carefully and answer the questions on Wb P75. Do orally with the class.
Step 4. Language points
(1) Polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb. =... is used to make a nuclear bomb explode. 钋用来引爆核弹。
短语动词 set off 作不及物动词时，意思是“出发”；用及物动词时，意思是“使爆发/爆炸”，“引起”。在本句中是后一种用法。又如：
We'd better set off at 7 tomorrow morning. 我们最好明天早晨七点出发。
An explosion was set off by the burning gas.燃烧的煤气引起了爆炸。
A slight touch will set the bomb off. 稍一触动就会使炸弹爆炸。
Martin's speech set off a wave of anger. 马丁的演说激起了愤怒的浪潮。
(2) Radioactive matter is dangerous to work with because it has a bad effect on the blood.从事放射性物质的工作是危险的，因为它对血液有不良影响。
① 本句的主句属于“主语+be+形容词+不定式”的句式。类似的句子有：
He is hard to work with. 同他共事是很难的。
I shall be happy to accept your invitation. 我将很高兴接受你的邀请。
This question is very important to pay attention to.这个问题很重要，须得注意。
She's always ready to help others. 她总是乐于帮助别人。
② have effect on 对......产生影响。例如：
Loud noises have a bad effect on hearing.噪音对听力有很坏的影响。
The sudden change of weather may have some effect on his health.
天气突然变化对他的健康可能有影响。
His family life had a bad effect on the boy's behavior.
家庭生活对这个男孩的行为有很坏的影响。
Step 5. Writing
SB P4, Part 2, Check the answers if they have any questions.
Notes:
She traveled round France collecting money…（周游法国去筹集款项，）
collecting作状语，表示伴随动作。
The teacher walked round the classroom answering questions from students.
The doctor visited quite a few villagers giving them medical advice.（医疗咨询）
Step 6. Practice---- grammar revision
SB P5, Parts 3~5,
Part 3
例3: There was a time when al scientists were willing to share their results.
Time：曾经一度、有一个时候
There was a time when this kind of music was quite popular.
There was a time when women were not allowed to take part in sports.
例8：admire sb for sth钦佩某人的某方面
We admire Lei Feng for his selflessness and his willingness to help other.
People admire zheng Peiming for his devotions to duty.
Part 4 例6 carry out从事、进行
They carried out their plan successfully.
In recent years she has carried out a lot of tests on dogs.
Part 5 例7 heart and soul 全心全意，作方式状语
Lei Feng was a good example of serving the people heart and soul.
还可作别的成分
When Mr Green plays the piano, his heart and soul is in it.
Step 7. Workbook
Workbook Lesson 3, Ex. 2~3.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 3 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the grammar of attributive clause.
(3) Discussion ---- What can we learn from Madame Curie?
Lesson 4
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the previous two lessons.
Step 2. Listening
(1) Pre-listening: Tell the students to turn to Page 133 and read the instructions to get a gist of the listening passage.
(2) While-listening:
① Play the tape for the students to answer the questions.
② Check the answers with the students.
(3) Post listening activity: get the students to talk about the listening passage.
Step 3. Checkpoints
Go through Checkpoint 1 with the students. Get the students to make up sentences using the useful expressions if time permits.
Step 4. Word study
SB P6, Part 2.
例5 provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物，provide可与supply互换。
The school provides / supplies the students with reference books.
The construction workers were provided / supplied with enough food.
The government provides the research workers with laboratory equipment.
Step 5. Writing
SB P6, Part 3. Assign the work as their homework.
Step 6. Workbook
Workbook Lesson 4. Ex. 1~3.
Homework
(1) Finish off the wb exercises of Lesson 4.
(2) Revise the key points of this unit.
(3) Writing: See Step 5.
本单元语法要点小结
1.be sure和doubt用于对事物确信与不确信的表达。
①be(not) sure+宾语从句句型，从句可以由whether, if, that, what, when, where等 连接词，连接代词或副词引导。
We are not sure when they will visit us. 我们不知他们何时来拜访我们。
②be not sure+连接代词或连接副词+to do sth 句型，一般用否定式或疑问式。
I am not sure whether to go to that speech. 我不知是否会去听那个演讲。
③be sure to do sth 句型表示说话人对主语的推测判断。
You are sure to work out to problem. 你一定会解出这道题。
The job is sure to be finished. 这项工作一定会完成。
④be sure about/of+名词、代词、动名词等。
Most students are not sure about English grammar. 大多数学生对英语语法没有把握。
He is sure of passing the driving test. 他对通过驾驶测试有把握。
⑤doubt与don't doubt可以接名词、代词等作宾语，也可以接宾语从句作宾语。
I don't doubt the truth of the news. 我不怀疑那条新闻的真实性。
I doubt whether they told him the bad news.我不知道他们是否告诉了他那不幸的消息。
2.副词off表示“离开”或“动作的完成”动词与其搭配构成的短语可以联系记忆。
set off:出发，使…爆发 pay off：还清
give off:放出(烟、气味等) get off：下车
see sb off：送行 ring off：挂断电话
take off：脱掉衣物等 turn off.关掉(电源)等。
3.believe in sth 信仰某事；believe in sb 信任某人；believe sb 相信某人的话。
Most Chinese never believe in God. 绝大多数中国人不信仰上帝。
I don't believe him, for he seldom tells the truth.我不相信他说的话，因为他很少讲真话。
Our monitor does well in everything, so we all believe in him.我们的班长在各方面都表现好，因此我们都信任他。
4.succeed in sth/doing sth. 在…取得成功。
be successful in sth 在…成功了。
success 作可数名词时，可表示“成功的人或事”。
He hopes to succeed in everything, but he is successful in nothing. He is not a success. 他希望事事成功，但是他却一事无成，他是一个失败者。
5.have something (nothing) to do with 表示与其它事物的关系
be connected with 既可表示与其它事物的关系，也可表示事物在位置上相连接。
The young man has nothing to do with the traffic accident.与那起交通事故无关。
Asia is connected with Africa at the Suez Canal. 亚洲与非洲在苏伊士运河相连。
He is not connected with the Smiths. 他与史密斯家族毫无关系。
6.heart and soul 名词短语作状语，其它常见的作状语的名词有表示时间、距离、重量等的数量词。
We should do everything heart and soul. 我们做一切事都应该全心全意。
We have worked five hours. 我们工作了五个小时。
He walked three kilometres yesterday. 他昨天走了三公里。
The box weighs five kilogrammes. 那个盒子重五公斤。
7.动词+介词 to 构成的短语，不要把to误认为是不定式符号.
devote…to 献身于… prefer … to … 宁愿…而不
stick to 坚持 lead to 导致、通向
pay attention to 注意 be/get used to 习惯于
help oneself to 随便…
典型例题分析
例1单项选择：
Let's go ______ everything and find out where the trouble is.
A．up B．on C．over D．without
分析　 此题中正确答案是 C（over），go over意为检查，审阅，符合题意。其他选项均不符合题意，go up意为上升，涨价，go on意为发生，继续，go without意为（被迫）没有，不吃（不用）。如：We'll go over every question. We start work tomorrow. 我们将研究每个问题。明天我们着手工作。
例2 单项选择：
The engine gives_____ smoke and steam.
A．back B．off C．out D．up
分析　此题中正确答案是B（off），give off 意为散发，放出，通常指散发液体、气体、气味等。 give back意为归还，give out 意为颁发，give up意为放弃，不再做。都不合题意。Let's go out and see the flowers. They're giving off a sweet fragrance.
让我们去看看花吧。花儿正散发一片芳香。
例3单项选择：
Martin's speech ______ off a wave of protest.
A．gave B．put C．turned D．set
分析　此题中正确答案是D（set），set off 作及物动词，意为使爆发，使爆炸；引起。give off 意为散发，发出，put off 意为延期，推迟，turn off 意为关闭，都不符合题意。如：
Careless handling of international relations can set off a war. 国际关系处理不当可能会引起战争。
例4单句改错：
They devoted every effort to help the disabled people.
分析 此题中to help 应改为to helping，短语动词 devote…to中的to是介词，不是不定式符号。在 settle down to， look forward to，be used to，drink to 等短语动词中的to都是介词，而不是不定式符号。如：
At present the time devoted to the teaching of scientific English is two years. 现在用在科技英语的教学时间是两年。
He settled down to doing his new job. 他安下心来做新工作。
例5单句改错：
Returning from the palace ball, the necklace was found missing.
分析 此题中 Returning …应改为 When she returned…；或者前半句不改，后半句 the necklace was found missing 改为she found the necklace missing，因为动词的-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的谓语动词的主语，否则即为错句，应改为相应的状语从句。如：
Entering the office, I heard the telephone ringing. 我走进办公室，听见电话铃在响。(不可说：Entering the office, the telephone was ringing. 可以说：When I entered the office, the telephone was ringing.)
例6 You'll be shown the new library______ I told you yesterday.
A. to which B. about which C. with which D. in which
答案：B
解析： "tell sb. about sth."是一个固定的句型，先行词在从句中作"about"一词的宾语，故答案为B。
例7 Old John opened the door and found a large table in the middle of the room_____lay a lighted lamp.
A. in which B. on that C. on which D. under which
答案：C
解析：此句的意思是"老约翰推开门发现屋子里有一张大桌子，桌子上放着一盏点燃的灯。"先行词是"table"，介词与"table"有关，在从句中作状语，故答案为C。
高考真题选讲
题1 ----Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?.
---- ______ . （94年高考题）
A．I don't believe B．I don't believe it C．I believe not so D．I believe not
分析　 在某些动词后面可以用so来代替前面已提到过的内容，以避免重复（它起替代 that 从句的作用）。常这样用的动词有 hope，believe，think，imagine，suppose，guess 等。在 to be afraid 后面也用 so。
把think so，believe so 等结构变为否定式有两种方法：
①可用动词的否定结构。
②把not直接放在动词后。例：
----Do you think we'll have good weather?
----I think so. / I don't think so.（或：I think not）
综上所述，该题中 A选项后缺 so一词。 B选项缺少 is going to。C项中的 not应该与 do一起连用，即 I don't believe so。因此，D为最佳答案。
题2 Cheap coal ______ a lot of smoke. （89年高考题）
A．gives up B．gives in C．gives away D．gives off
分析　 本题考查动词词组的辨义。
give up 放弃、停止。give in投降、屈服。 give away 赠送、泄密。 give off放出（液体、气体等）。D最佳。
【注意】从近几年的高考试题来看，此类单纯考查词义辨析的试题越来越少，而利用语言环境考查习惯用法，同义词辨异、近义词辨异的越来越多。因此，做此类试题时不仅要掌握相关的语法知识，更重要的是要抓住语言环境。例如：（98年高考题12题）
Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to　 ______ .
A．be put up B．give in C．be turned on D．go out
题中提供的语境是小偷溜进屋内而无人觉察，原因状语从句中只有填入表示灯光熄灭的D项才合乎逻辑。

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