FEATUES FOR UNIT 20

中学英语教学资源网英语教案教学设计 手机版


FEATUES FOR UNIT 20 重点难点;(By wangboying )
1 动词词组 make up 的用法:
1)虚构, 捏造,编造 He made up the whole story . 他 编造了整 个故事。
2)化装,装扮 She never goes out without making herself up first. 她 不化装是从不外出的。/ They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play. 在演这 出戏 的最后一幕时,他们把他化 妆 成 一个老人。
3)组成,构成 Farming and mining make up most of the country's industry. 农业和矿业 构成这个国家产业的大部 分。
2.roar with laughter 开怀大笑
与 laughter有关的词组还有;burst into laughter哈哈大笑,纵情大笑/die with laughter笑得 要死/scream with laughter捧腹大笑,笑得前仰后合
3 loud, loudly和aloud
1)loud 意为“大声地”,“高声地”,“响亮地”,在动词后面,一般用 loud 而 不用 loudly , 在非正式谈话中尤其如此。常与 loud 连用地动词有 talk, speak, shout ,laugh等。He then laughed loud ./Don't talk so loud. (此时loud 可用 loudly代替 )
2) loudly 意为“高声地”,有时 可与 loud 通用,单更多地含有“喧闹”地意思。如:Someone knocked loudly at the door.
3) aloud 意为“出声地”,有使 声音能被听到地意思, 往往与 read,think连用。 aloud 修饰 call,cry 等动词时,可作“高声地”,“大声地”解。Please read the story aloud./What did you say?你说什么?/Oh, nothing,I was just thinking aloud.喔, 没什么,我只是 在自言自语。
4 in all,at all, above all和 after all
in all“总共”, at all 多用于否定句, 用来加强语气, above all“最重要的” after all “ 毕竟, 到底”。 There were 50 students in the class in all ./He did not mind about it at all.他对此 一点也不在乎。/Above all you should work hard.首先你应该努力工作。/After all he is a child of six years old.
5 the other , other 和 another
other无 范围 , 泛指“其他的, 另外的”,常与 no, any, many 或 some 等连用, the other 特指两方中的“ 另一方”,或两部分中的“另一部分”,如果other 前有名词所有格 或物主代词, 则不 用the ; another 泛 指“ 其他的; 另外的”,常用于三者 或三者以上的情况,后接 单数名词 或“ 数词+复数 名词”。如:Mary is here, but the other girls are still out in the playground.
I have no other choice.我没有选择的余地。/I have many other things to do. 我还有其他很多事情要做。/Give me another chance , please.请再 给我一次 机会。
6 know , know of
1) know 知道, 懂得, 了解 Do you know how to drive ?/She knows about computers.她 对计算机很内行。
2) know of “听说过”,“知道有 ( 某人,某事)”Do you know of any way to get wine stains out of cloth?你知道有什么方法可以把衣服上的酒 渍去 掉吗?
7 in time ,on time
in time表示“ 及时”, 指在约定 的时间之前发生。 on time 表示“准时,按时”,指正好在约定的时间发生。如:They were just in time for the bus。他们 正好赶上了汽车。/The train came on time.火车正点到站。
8 farther , further
两者都是far 的比较级,可用作形容词或副词。 farther 意为“ 更远”,一般表示距离;further也有 “更远”之 意。凡用 farther的地方, 一般都能用 further来代替。另外,further 还有“进一步”,“更多”, “此外”的意思, 用来表示程度, 此时 ,不可用farther代替。Shanghai is farther/further from Beijing than Tianjing./No further explanation is needed.不需要作更多的解释。/The children were so tired that they could not walk any farther/ further.孩子们累得 实在走不动了。
9 offfer ,provide 和 supply 三者都有“ 提供” 之意, 单含义不同。
1) offer 既 表示主动慷慨地 给别人提供 某物, 也可表示无主动之情 地提供。常用于 offer sb.sth. 或 offfer sth . to sb.得 固定搭配中。如:Two days later I received a letter offering me the job./The guesthouse offers alll kinds of food to foreign visitors.这个 招待所供应外宾各种食品。
2)provide 用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人 或物 提供需要或有用的 东西, 仅仅是 出于某种责任 。常 用于 provide sb. with sth. 或provid e sth. for sb.的固定搭配中。 如;THe children are provided with goood food and clothing.孩子们 有良好的衣食供应。/It is the duty of the government to provide homes for the old.政府有义务为老年人提供住所。
3) supply通常指 定期“ 供应”,强调替代或补充所需 物品。常用于 supply sb. with sth. 或supply sth. to/ for sb.结构。 如:Cows supply us with milk./Our task is to supply vegetables alll year round.我们的任务是一年四季提供蔬菜。
10 neither ,either
1) neither 意为“既不是......,也不是....”,“两者都不......”, 后面跟单数动词的肯定式。它 可以单独使用,后面也可跟名词或 " of+the/these/ those/所有格 代词或人称代词”结构。如:I tried both keys but neither ( of them ) worked.
Neithern of them knew the way ./Neither boy knew ......./I've read neither of these ( books).
2)either 意为了“两者之一”,“两者中任一个”。它后面跟动词单数形式。同 neither一样, 它可以单独使用, 或跟名词/代词及 " of+the/these//those/所有格代词或人称代词”结构连用。
3)"either+ 否定动词”可代替 " neither + 肯定动词”,但 neither 是 主语时 例外。I haven't read either of these (books).
4)虽然either 不能作否定句 的主语,但它可作肯定句 或疑问句的主语或宾语。这种用法是 强调二者之中任何一个皆可以。如;You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow./Would you like either of these?
11 英语中有些 固定句型 中需用- ing 动词,这些句型常见的 有以下 几种:
have diffity/trouble/problem/fun/pleasure/a goood time/ a hard time (in) doing......
There's no need / use/ harm/ hury/ knowing (in) doing.....
feel like doing /be in the habit of doing /on doing /make a point of doing /be worth doing
12动词的.-ing形式作定语
单个的-ing 动词形式作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之 前, 而 -ing 形式的短语作定语 时 ,通常放在被修饰词之后。如:running water 流水 running shoes跑鞋 flying fish 飞鱼 flying suit 飞行衣 living things 生物 living conditions 居住条件 dancing waves 起伏 的波浪 a waiting bus等在那里的汽车 a waiting room候诊 室 a swimmming suit 游泳衣 a swimming boy 游泳的孩子 a sleeping car 一节 卧车 a sleeping child 一个正在睡觉的孩子 a dancing hall 一间 舞厅 a dancing girl 一个正在跳舞的 女孩 a swimmming poo l 游泳池 a writing desk 写字台 a reading room 阅览室working methods工作方法 drinking water 饮用水 Do you know the three children walking toward us?/The man talking with our headmaster is Tom's father。
13reach的用法 1)n伸手 可及之 距离 within reach of the shops买东西很方便的 地方/The ball was out of reach我 够不着 这个球/the lower reaches of a river河流的下游/arrrive at the destinatination after three reache全程分三段走完 后到达目的地
The hole is within easy reach of the beach这家旅馆离 海滨很近/Beyond (above ,out of ) one's (the )reach达不到的,力 所不及的 ,不能理解/make a reach for (sb./sth.)伸出手,企图抓住。。。/within easy reach of 在容易到达。。。。的 地方;在。。。。的 附近/wuthin sb.'s reach在某人 力所能及的 范围内,在某人能到达的范围内
14 mind的用法 some phrases:call to mind 回忆起,记起/have a goood mind to 非常想。。。;极有意。。。/in one's right mmind 不必 疯的 ;神志 清醒的/make up one's mind决心;决定/put sb. in mind of sb. or sth 使 想起;提醒(某人)/speak one's mind直言 不讳/to one's mind依(某人)之意
2)vt,vi a.注意,留心/b.反对;介意/c.照顾;照料;关心/d.想起;记起Mind the hole in the road./I don't mind cigarette smoke./she stayed at home and minded the baby./I mind the time whenn we were in New York together.
15 v-ing 形式作状语通常表示四种意思:
1)表示原因,相当于 一个 表示原因的 状语的 从句, 多放句首,如 ;Being so poor in those days, we couldn't afford to send the boy to hospital.(=As we were so poor....)那时我们 那样穷,我们 没有 钱送孩子 上医院。
Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.(=As we didn't know her addresss....)由于 不直到她 的 地址,我们 没法和她 联系。
提醒:这时如果 v-ing表示的 动作在 谓语 动词所表示的 动作 之前发生,就需要 用完成形式。如 :
Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to them.由于 没有 接到回信 ,他 决定给他们 再 写 一 封信。
2)用作时间状语,相当于 一个 时间状语 从句,,多 放在句子前部。如:Turning round ,she saw an ambulance driving up.(=When she turned around,....)她 转过 身 时, 看见一辆 救护车开了过来。/Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
提醒:如果 -ing 表示的动作 完成了 以后 ,谓语动词表示的 动作 才发生,需用完成 形式。Having watered (=after they had watered ) the vegetables, they began to weed the sweet potatoes plots.他们浇过菜地 之后, 就 到 白薯地 锄草。
3)作 伴随状语,表示 主语 正在进行的 另一个动作,和 谓语 动作 或 状态是 同时发生 的,一般放在句子后部。They set facing each other.l/They ran out, talking and laughing.
4)表示 结果 状语 ,放在句子后面。如:The bus stopped suddenly,thus causing the delay.汽车 突然停 开,造成耽搁。/Her husband died last year,leaving five children with her.
16.Certain/someCertain是形容词,意为"某……(不指明的或不说出的)",后接名词时,certain前不加冠词。For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.
Certain/some"某……" Certain 后的名词可以是可数名词单复数形式,certain前不加冠词;some后接可数名词单数,其前要加冠词 a。
She won a competition in some newspaper or other.她参加某报纸举办的比赛获胜。/A certain Mr. Brown telephoned while you were out. 你出去的时候,有个叫布朗的先生来过电话。
17.play on 的用法:
(1)意为"借助于……,玩……"。They played a joke on me./I thought my eyes must play a trick on me.
(2)play on可作"利用或激起某人的情感"解。 Her speech played heavily on the angry mood of her audience.
They played on his fears of losing his job to get him to do what they wanted.
18.Act的搭配 Actout 营造,实行;(把想法)付诸行动;扮演角色 He promised to give me a chance to act out my fantasies.
Act as担任,充任某角色 I don't understand his language; you'll have to act as my interpreter.
Act for代表 I'd like to introduce the lawyer acting for Mr. Miller.
Act on对某事起作用 Does the drug take long to act on the nerve centers?
Act up犯病;出问题 My old car is always acting up.
19.Entertain意为"使某人快乐",后可接介词 with。 The play failed to entertain its audience.这出戏不受欢迎。/He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.
Entertain作"招待,款待"解。 Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.
20.Dating back to……for centuries.
Dating back to是 V-ing形式,用于句首,作状语,意为"回溯到……年代,始于……"。This church dates back to 1173.
Date from回溯到…年代 The custom dates from the time when men wore swords.
Date back to/ date from作定语时,其形式须用 V-ing形式,后面要用主动形式,没有被动的情况。
The painting dates back to Ming Dynasty belongs to my father. (F)/The painting dated back to Ming Dynasty belongs to my father. (F)
The painting dating from Ming Dynasty belongs to my father. (T)
dating from… 相当于定语从句which dates from…。
21.Appreciate是动词,意为"欣赏,感激,体谅",后接名词或从句。
I appreciate your help./ You don't seem to appreciate how busy I am.
在表示喜欢,讨厌,欣赏等一类词后面,如果要接从句,须在这些词后面加形式宾语it,构成"like/love/hate/appreciate +it+从句"结构。
I'd appreciate it if you would turn the radio down.
I hate( )when people talk with their mouth full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them 答案是A。
22. think ,reflect,reason,speculate
这 组词作为不及物动词,在一起比较的一般含义 是“思考”。
1)think(名词为 thinking 或 thought)是通用词,此 “思考”的 目的是为了得出某种结论,但是在 “思考”时 未必思想集中,所形成的 概念未必清晰,所得出的结论 未必正确。
Think carefullly before you answre。仔细想一想然后 再 回答。
You can think about it and let me know your decision later。你可以 把这事 考虑一下,以后 再 把 你的结论 告诉我 。
2)reflect (名词 为reflection)所 表示 的“ 思考” 含 有 这样的 意思:被思考的 事物是过去发生的 ,或者 是 现在存在的 ;这个 此词一般 表示 严肃认真地,静悄悄地考虑问题。
Take your time ti reflect before doing important things。在 做 重大的 事情之 前要从容不迫 地 思考 一下。
I want time for reflection。我需要 思考的 时间。
3)reason( 名词 为 reasoning)所表示 的 “思考”或“推论”具有 一种逻辑 思维的 过程,开始于 某种 假设或某种 前提,甚至某种 迹象,经过推理 ,从而形成 概念。
Mans ability to reason makes him different from the animal。人类的 思考力 使 自己不 同 于动物 。
I reason in this way about the matter。关于 这个 问题 我 是这样想的 。
4)speculate (名词 为speculation)所 表示 的 “思考”亦 有 逻辑 的 意思 ,单 强调思考 种中的 推测成分,往往缺乏 可以 作为疑惧的 从分资料,其 假设和前提亦尚 有可疑 之处。
The philosopher speculated about the future of the human race。那位 哲学家考虑 过 人类的 前途。
This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations。这种 可能 性 引起了有趣 的推测。
23. look on 1)(常 与 as连用)旁观 May I look on with you?我可疑 跟你 合 看这本书 吗?
2)看作(=look upon) I used to look on him as a friend./some other phrases:
1) look after照料 2)look back(与on, to连用)回想, 记起, 停滞 不 前 From this time on, he never looked back。从此以后 他 便 不断进步了。
3) look down on 轻视, 看不起
4) look forward to 盼望,期待
We are all looking forward to our holiday./I'm looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.
5)look out 注意,找出;挑选出
Look out ,there's a car coming留神, 汽车过来了。/to look out a party dresss.挑出 一件 赴宴会的 衣服 /I have to look out those papers.我得 把那些文件找出来。
6)look over翻阅, 浏览
7)look up好转, 在 书中 查 到
Thing are looking up.情况正在好 转。/When you don't understand a word , you can look it up in this dictionary.
8)寻访到,探访(某人)On my way home, II looked up an old friend of mine.
9)look up to 尊敬 He made so great contributions that we all look up to him.
24. look , sight , view, glance, glimpse
这组名词在一起比较的 含义都与视觉有关。
1)look一般有 这样两层 含义:对视觉器官的 使用,即 “朝。。。看”;看的行为所 产生 的 印象,用于 人 时 指 “神态”或 “样子”,用于 物 时 指“面貌”。May I have a look at it please//The old city has taken on a new look.旧城 换新 貌。
2)sight表示“视觉所 接受的 景象”,但 不 含有“自觉地 使用视觉器官”的 意思,而表示 “目的物进入了 眼帘”。这时它 虽 是 名词,却有 动作的 含义,常用于 catch sight of 和at hte sight of 等短语中。sight 在用于表示风景时,一般有 修饰语来 说明“特征’,从而使 视觉所接受的 印象更为 明确,更为具体。...but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk.但是那 公牛突然看到了 哪个 醉汉。/...you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains....你 可以 欣赏那 连绵不 断的 云海的 非凡景象。
3)view 在表示动作 概念时,喊由 注视 的 意思;在表示 风景时,不象 sight 那样要求有 修饰语,如果说 sight 有”视力“的 含义 ,那么 view有 见解的 含义。.....The landscape is hidden from view大地的 风光被遮住而看不见了。(其 含义是 想去 观赏,凝视)/an aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world.飞机为你 提供非凡的 ,令人惊诧 不 已 的 地球景色。(句中的 view既 有 凝视的 动作 含义,又 有 风景的 状态 含义)/He always takes an extreme view.他 总是持 极端见解。
4)glance的 原义是“闪 现”,如 活动着 的 反光物体在 阳光下的 闪烁,后来慢慢演变为“ 迅速的 看”这一 含义。He toook a glance at it briefly, and then he told me to look again.
5) glimpse既可表示 瞥一眼的 行为,又可表示瞥一眼所看到的 东西。
When he began to play a tune ,we had our first glimpse of the snake.当他开始吹一支曲子时,我们 第一次瞥见了 那条蛇。/This is my glimpse o New York.这就是我对 纽约的 一瞥所见。
25. go on 的用法
!) 单独使用,表示“(事情)在 进行”; 2)go on to /for + 时间,表示“持续 到何时/持续了多久”; 3) go on doing ,表示 “不停 地做某事”;4)go on to do ,表示“接着做(另外)某事”。例如:The football match is stilll going on.足球赛 还在进行。/What's going on there?那儿发生了 什么事?/Spring starts in March and goes on to May in China./The meeting went on for three days./It was late,but he went on writing .已经很晚 了,但他仍继续写作。/After reading Lessson 67, they wennt on to do some exercises.
读完第 67 课, 他们 接着做了些练习。
26.V-ing作定语和宾语补足语
V-ing 形式作 定语:1.V-ing形式作 定语时,表示 动作正在进行或与 谓语动词所 表示的 动作几乎同时发生,或 表示某个经常的 动作 或 状态。如果 两个动作 有 先 有后, 一般不能用 V-ing形式 作 定语,而要用定语从句。
The man coming here yesterday will give us a talk.
应改 为:The man who came here yesterday will give us a talk.
2系动词be的 V-ing 形式不 可 用作 定语 ,应用定语从句。
Any student being late willl not be allowed to atttend the party
应改为:Any student who is late will not be allowed to attend the party.
3V-ing的 完成式(having done)只 具有状语的 意义,不能 作 定语,如 句意需要 时,则应用定语从句。
The students having handed in their papers must leave the classrooom.
应 改为:The students who have handed in their papers must leave the classroom .
4 V-ing形式的 一般 被动式 (Being done) 与过去分词作 定语 有所 不 同:v-ing 形式 的 被动式(being done) 作 定语 表示正在进行的 被动 动作 ;而过去 分词 (done)作 定语 则表示 已完成的 动作。
The house being painted was completed last week. 正在 被 粉刷的 房子是 上个星期完 工 的 。
The house, painted last week , is our sound lab.上个星期 粉刷完的 房子是我们 的 语音室。
27.V-ing 作 宾语 补足语:
1.现在分词可 用作宾语 补足语 ,与前面的 宾语 构成复合 宾语 。具有这种复合 宾语的动词多为表示 感觉的 供词 ,如 smell,observe, watch,notice, look at, listen to 等。I saw the naughty boy hitting the dog.我 看见那个顽皮孩子在 打 狗。
One could hear her singing as she ran upstairs.你 可以 听到她 边 唱 边跑上楼。
We found him waiting to receive us.我们 发现他等着 欢迎我们。
2.有些使役动词如 have, let ,get, catch, keep, leave等 后也可 接含有现在分词的 复合宾语。We'll soon have you walking again.我们 很快底地使你 能 再 走动。
We kept the fire burning alll the time.我们 使火一直 燃烧。
She caught me smoking again.她 又 抓住我们抽烟了。
点击考点:have 和would,will,can等 的 否定式 连用, 是 “不 允许。。。”之意。I won't have you shouting at me the way.我不允许 你 这样对 我 喊叫。
3作为 宾语补足语的 现在 分词有时 其 前可 有 .as , 前面动词 多用regard,consider,picture, see, think of等。
We consider this sebtebce as being useful.
我们 认为这种 句子是 有用 的 。(being也 可省略)
They regarded the plan as having been broken.它们去认为 计划已 被破坏。
4.现在分词用作宾语补足语时,其被动语态即 变为主语补足语,与 主语构成复合宾语。he was seen going upstairs .有人看见他 上楼。/She was heard singing alll the time.人们听见她 一直唱。/The thief was caught stealing apples in the shop.贼在商店头 苹果时被抓住了。
(接英语诗歌的欣赏)1.suffer from sadness 2.刺 3.泉水 4.(天)食 5.使阴暗/失去光泽 6.可恶的害虫 7.蓓蕾 8. 允许 9.冒犯 10.玷污(我自己) 11.减轻 12.(你的)过失 13.罪过/ 过失14.理由 15.敌对的一方(即最初对你提出错误的我) 16.辩护者(该句诗人的含义是:最初我想批评你,但后来逐渐站到了你的一边,因为我已经原谅了你。) 17.诉讼 18.开始(我对你起诉,反而把自己出卖。意思是:我原谅了你的过失,银1而也就违反了我原先的本意。) 19.非暴力的(该句意思是:爱和憎老在我自己心中作斗争。即:"我"的情感变化不定。一会儿原谅爱人,从而爱的情感占了上风;一会儿又追究爱人的过失,从而恨的情感又占了上风。) 20.同谋 21.酸地(诗中的"我"最后也反过来为爱人辩解,使自己的心一步一步被对方占据。)
60 William SHAKESPEARE
Like as the waves make towards the pebbled1 shore,
So do our minutes hasten to their end;
Each changing place with that which goes before,
In sequent toil all forwards do contend2.
Nativity, once in the main of light3,
Crawls4 to maturity, wherewith being crowned,
Crooked eclipses5 'gainst his glory fight,
And Time that gave doth now his gift confound.
Time doth transfix the flourish set on youth6
And delves the parallels7 in beauty's brow,
Feeds on the rarities of nature's truth,
And nothing stands but for his scythe to mow8:
And yet to times in hope9, my verse shall stand
Praising thy worth, despite his cruel hand.
1.铺着卵石的2.波浪前推后涌,一个一个在奋勇争先。(喻)时光不停地流逝。Sequent连续的,相继的;toil辛劳,这里指波浪不停地涌动3.光明的金海4.爬行5.凶恶的日食6.戳破了面颊上的光华(时间)transfix戳破7.挖下深陷的战壕,比喻时间在人前额上留下深深的皱纹delves挖,刨8.镰刀的收割,比喻光阴的无情流逝mow割9.未来
116(CXVI)
Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments1. Love is not love
Which alters when it alteration2 finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove:
O, no! it is an ever-fixed mark3,
That looks on tempests4 and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wandering bark5,
Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken6.
Love's not Time's fool7, though rosy lips and cheeks
Within his bending sickle's compass come8;
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom9.
If this be error and upon me proved10,
I never writ11, nor no man12 ever loved.
1.let me not admit impediments(阻碍) to change the marriage of true minds.2.alter ,alteration n 变化,更改3.海上标志4. 暴风雨5.小船6.你可以量它(星星)的高度从而帮助自己确定方向,但它的价值却无法估量7.奴隶,牺牲品8.在镰刀的收割范围内,比喻难免遭受时间的破坏sickle镰刀,compass范围,界限9.世界末日10.并被证明不正确(指诗人的论断)11.wrote12.nor any man
130(CXXX)
My mistress1' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral2 is far more red, than her lips red:
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun3;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damasked4, red and white,
But no such roses see I in her cheeks;
And in some perfumes5 is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks6.
I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound:
I grant7 I never saw a goddess go,
My mistress, when she walks, treads8 on the ground:
And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,
As any she belied9 with false compare.
1.妇人2.珊瑚3.灰色的4.锦缎5.香料/水6.烟7.承认8.踩9.掩饰

·语文课件下载
·语文视频下载
·语文试题下载

·语文备课中心




点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件


上一篇】【下一篇   【教师投稿】 
本站管理员:尹瑞文 微信:13958889955