“It”的用法
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第二讲 【高考走向】 It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点,尤其是it用于强调句。其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行,偶尔也出现在“短文改错”和“完形填空”中。 【典型例题】 1.(NMET98,单项填空) It was only when I reread his poems recently____I began to appreciate their beauty. A.until B.that C.then D.so 正确答案:B 此题考查强调句,所以用that。 2.(NMET98,单项填空) I hate____when people talk with their mouths full. A.it B.that C.these D.them 正确答案:A 此题考查it作形式宾语的用法,所以选A。 3.(MET91,短文改错) David and I did not agree and David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village. 正确答案:去掉it,因为定语从句中已有宾语which。 【知识点拨】 It 的用法主要包括以下内容: 1.代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时,一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 例如: -Who is the baby? -It's my teacher's son. -Who is that gentleman?-It's my friend,Tom.He(不可用It)wants to see you. 2.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。 例如:It's half an hour's walk from here to our school.It's nice and warm here.But it's two o'clock now,and it's time for us to go to school. 3.用作形式主语或形式宾语。除it外,其他代词没有这种用法。 ①当作主语的不定式、-ing短语或从句太长时,往往用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语移至 句末,以避免句子头重脚轻。 例如:It's not easy to learn English well in such a short time. It's no use crying over spilt milk. It's not decided yet when and where we're going to have the meeting. ②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、-ing短语或从句,往往用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语 移至句末,以使句子重心后移。 例如:We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time. We think it no use crying over spilt milk. We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting. ③包含介词的短语运动接宾语从句时,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句。 例如:Please see to it that all the windows are closed before your leave the room. You may depend on it that everything will be all right. 4.用于强调句型,即“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它”句型之中。 ①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数,其中is既可强调现在的情况,也可强调过去的情况, was只能强调过去的情况。 例如:It was/is yesterday that I met your father in the street. ②不管被强调部分是哪种状语,只能用that连接,不得使用where、when等连词。 例如:It was in the street that I met your father yesterday. ③被强调部分为人时,可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that,用that也行。 例如:It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday. It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday. ④强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。 例如:It is they who are our friends. It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night. ⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is was…that…为强调句标志,去掉后仍可组成一 个完整的句子,只是没被强调而,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。 比较:It was ten o'clock when we got home last night.我们昨晚到家时已十点了。 It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night. 我们昨晚是在十点到家的。 第一句不是强调句,when不可改为that,因为去掉it was和that后,只能组成“We got home ten o'clock last night.”这样一个不完整的句子;第二句是强调句,that不可 改为when. 【知识过关】 1.Was it during the Second World War ____ he died?(MET88,单项填空) A.that B.while C.in which D.then 2.It ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?(MET88,单项填空) A.now B.that C.it D.man 3.I don't think ___ possible to master a foreign language without much momory work. (MET90,单项填空) A.this B.that C.its D.it 4.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET95,单项填空) A.There B.This C.That D.It 5.It was about 600 years ago ___ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made. (NMET97,单项填空) A.that B.until C.before D.when 6.____computers play such an important part in our daily life? A.Why it is that B.Why is it that C.Why was it that D.Why is it KEY: 1.A 2.C .D 4.D 5.A 6.B |
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