陈老师课堂点拨高三41-42
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<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语 Unit 11
Lesson 41— 42
1. Antonio, a merchant of the city of Venice, was liked by everyone, because he was always ready to help other. 威尼斯商人安东尼奥是大家喜爱的人，因为他总是乐于助人。ready的用法：1). adj. 甘心的；自愿的；e.g. He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐意助人。The PLA soldiers are ready to die for their motherland. 解放军战士甘愿为祖国献身。2). adj. 准备妥当的；e.g. We have got everything ready for picking cotton next week. 我们已经为下周拾花做好了一切准备。3). adj. 易于……的；e.g. Don’t be too ready to find fault. 别动不动就挑剔别人的错误。She is too ready to burst into tears. 她太爱哭了。请注意下列形容词如 glad, anxious, eager用于too…to… 结构时，均不表示否定的意思：4). adj. 立即的；a ready answer 当场立即回答；ready-made adj. 现成的；**** be ready with 后接reply; excuse; suggestion; answer; explanation等词, 表示准备好要说的话。e.g. She is ready with excuses. 她随时都有借口。
2. He had many merchant ships which traded with other countries. 他有许多商船同别的国家做生意。trade vi. vt. 交易；trade with… 与……做生意; 与……交换；e.g. Our country trades with many countries in the world. 我们国家和世界上许多国家贸易。 They have been trading with that company for more than ten years. 他们同那家公司做了十多年的生意了。 I traded seats with him. 我和他对换了座位。
3. Bassanio, Antonio’s best friend, was in love with Portia, a rich and beautiful lady who also loved him. 巴萨尼奥，安东尼奥最好的朋友，和一位富有，漂亮，也爱他的女子鲍西娅相爱了。 be in love with 与……相爱(表示状态); 喜欢； e.g. The man is in love with the lady next door to him. 那人与住在隔壁的女子相爱。They’ve been in love with one another for years. 他们相爱已经多年了。He has been in love with anyone before. 他以前从未爱过任何人。I’m not in love with the weather in Karamay. 我不喜欢克拉玛依的气候。*** fall in love with 爱上 / 喜欢上(表示动作)； e.g. After working together for many years, they fell in love with each other. 他们在一起工作了多年后相爱了。I have fallen in love with this beautiful place. 我爱上了这个风景优美的地方。翻译句子：他们恋爱多久了？How long have they fallen in love with each other? (Wrong) How long have they been in love with each other? (Right) make love to sb. 向某人示爱；e.g. Tom made love to Joan. 汤姆向琼求爱。
4. The reason for this was that Antonio had many times scolded Shylock publicly for being greedy and cruel. 原因是安东尼奥常常当众斥骂夏洛克贪婪，残忍。 scold sb. for… 因为……而责备某人；e.g. He was scolded for having been late three times this week. 他因为本周内迟到了三次而遭到责备。The boy was scolded for being lazy. 这孩子由于懒惰而遭到责备。*** blame sb. for sth.= blame sth. on sb. 把……归咎于某人；e.g. He blamed his assistant for the failure.
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他把失败归咎于那位助手。Don’t blame your mistakes on others. 不要把你的过错归咎于别人。Bad workers often blame their tools. 拙匠常怪工具差。
5. However, Shylock agreed to lend Antonio the money on one condition. 然而，夏洛克还是同意借钱给安东尼奥，但有一个条件。on one condition 在一个条件下；on this / that / no / what condition 在这种 / 那种 / 没有 / 什么情形下；e.g. You must on no condition tell her what has happened. 你无论在什么情况下都不可以告诉她所发生的事。 On what condition will you agree? 你要什么条件才同意？on condition that 只有在……的条件下；e.g. You may use my bike on condition that you return it tomorrow. 你可以用我的自行车，条件是明天必须归还。 I told it to him on condition that he should keep it secret. 我把那件事告诉了他，条件是他要保密。make it a condition that 以……为条件；e.g. Her parents allowed her to go there, but made it a condition that she should get home before midnight. 她的父母准许她去，但有一个条件，那就是她要在午夜之前回到家中。
6. In the agreement, Antonio made a promise to allow Shylock to take a pound of his fresh from whatever part of his body if he did not pay the money back. 在借约中安东尼奥做了承诺：如果他在三个月后还还不了钱，就允许夏洛克在他身体的任何部位割下一磅肉。make a promise 做出允诺; give a promise 提出诺言; carry out / keep a promise 履行诺言; break a promise 违背诺言; e.g. If you make a promise, you should keep it; you ought not to break it. 如果你作出了承诺，你就应该遵守，而不应该食言。 promise vt. 允诺；答应；有……希望；预示；e.g. He promised to help us in the work. 他答应帮助我们进行这项工作。The dark clouds promise a heavy rain. 天有可能下大雨。**** 下面的四个句子都表示 “我答应一定听从他的吩咐.” I made a promise to obey his commands. = I made a promise that I should obey his commands. = I promised to obey his commands. = I promised that I should obey his commands. n. 有指望/出息/前途；a youth of great promise 一个前途无量的青年；The sky gives promises of fine weather. 天有望放晴。She shows promise as a singer. 她有望成为一名歌唱家。2). flesh 人或动物身上的肉；meat 供食用的肉的总称；Lions are flesh-eating animals. 狮子是食肉动物。flesh and blood 血肉之躯；one’s own flesh and blood 亲骨肉；
7. Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. 夏洛克, 宽恕安东尼奥吧。have mercy on sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人；e.g. The Chinese people had mercy on the Japanese war prisoners. 中国人民宽恕了那些日军战俘。They had no mercy on their prisoners. 他们对俘虏毫不宽恕。
8. It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克讲理是没有用处的。句型: It is useless / no use / no good + v-ing 做某事没有用(处); e.g. It is no use talking about the matter with him. 和他谈论此事没有用处。It is no good crying over spilt milk. 牛奶洒了哭也无益。
9. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head. 他很年轻，但我还从未见过这么年轻而又如此聪明的人。在名词词组中，不定冠词通常
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放在形容词之前，如: a good student. 但如果形容词前面有so; as; how; too 时，不定冠词通常放在形容词后面。 e.g. so small a room; How clever a boy he is! 这孩子真聪明！It’s too difficult a book for beginners. 这本书对初学者太难了。Can you lift as heavy a box as this one? 你能举起这么重的箱子吗？
10. We should learn to show mercy to others. 我们应该学会宽恕他人。show / give mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人；The man showed no mercy to the thief and beat him hard. 那个人毫不宽恕那个小偷，狠狠地揍了他一顿。 ***** 在 “have mercy on sb.”; “show / give mercy to sb.” 中，mercy 是不可数名词。Mercy 也可以做可数名词，意思是 “幸运的事”；“值得感激的事”；e.g. What a mercy he escaped the fire. 他从火里逃生，真是幸运。He is thankful for small mercies.他对小恩小惠也很感激。
11. I desire my pound of flesh. 我要求给我应得的那一磅肉。desire vt. 期望；要求；e.g. I desire (to have) a rest after such a long walk. 走了这么远的路，我希望休息一下。They desired him to go there at once. 他们要求他立即去那儿。She had never desired to do anything like that. 她从来没有希望做这样的事。*** 后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)。 e.g. Mr. Wang desired that we should wait a moment. 王老师请求我们稍等片刻。The teacher desired that all the exercises should be handed in before school was over. 老师要求所有的作业在放学前交上来。
12. Let me take you in my arms and say good-bye. 让我拥抱你一下，说声再见吧。 take sb. /sth. in one’s arms 拥抱……；e.g. Let me take the baby in my arms. 让我抱一抱这个小孩子。The teacher went into the classroom, taking some books in his arms. 老师抱着一些书走进了教室。in one’s arms 在……的怀抱里；e.g. The child fell asleep in his mother’s arms. 那孩子在他母亲的怀抱里睡着了。
13. I see. According to the law, Shylock may have a pound of flesh to be cut off by him nearest to Antonio’s heart. 1). according to 依据；依照；这个短语通常用来做状语。e.g. You may choose according to what you want. 你可以根据你的需要进行选择。Everything went according to the plan. 一切都在按计划进行。 according as 后面跟从句。You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad. 将按照你工作成绩的好坏来对你实现奖惩。The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold. 温度表将随着空气的冷热而升降。 2). near to = close to 靠近；接近；e.g. The man traveling abroad came back near to New Year’s Eve. 那个在国外旅行的人在接近年关时归来了。As we got near to our hometown, we grew excited. It’s getting near to National Day. 快要到国庆节了。
14. I declare the court allows it and the law gives it to you. 我宣布法庭许可你这样做，法律把它判给你。declare vt. 宣布；宣告；声明；The chairman declared the conference open. 主席宣布开会。Britain declared war against Germany on 3rd September, 1939. 一九三九年九月三日，英国对德国宣战。Li Fang declared that she had nothing to do with the matter. 李芳宣称说她与此事无关。They declared that her story to be made-up. / false. 他们声明她的说法是虚构的。
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