陈老师课堂点拨高非谓2
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<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语语法
Non-verbs form非谓语动词（2）
非谓语动词是高中英语语法教学中难度最大的一个项目.它的重点与难点要具体从动词不定式,动名词和分词三个方面来进行探讨. 今天探讨动名词.
动名词在句中做主语
动名词在句子中做主语，一般表示抽象化的概念。
在疑问句中做主语要用动名词，不能用动词不定式。
在there为先行词的句子中用 “no + 动名词” 做主语。
用it做形式主语的形容词或名词有：use；good；pity；fun；funny．E.g.
Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language．
Studying abroad is very difficult in the first few months．
Can playing music records make cows give more milk？
Looking after patients is a nurse’s work．
It is no use / good having a car if you can’t drive．
It is no good / use helping him．He doesn’t help himself．
There is no joking about such matters．
There is no denying the fact．
There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．
There is no saying what may happen．
动名词在句中做表语
动名词在句子中做表语，为泛指意义的动作。E.g.
My job is teaching the students English．
My favorite sport is playing tennis．
What I thought most was going abroad for further study．
Reading is learning and applying is also learning．
The real problem is getting to know the needs of the students．
动名词在句中做定语
动名词做定语只能放在名词之前，说明该名词的性能或用途，不表示动作，被修饰的名词与动名词之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。E.g.
a walking stick；a hiding place；a racing bicycle；a sailing boat；a dancing hall；a reading room；a writing desk；a sleeping car；a waiting room；cooking salt；building material；drinking water；working methods；
1.
动名词在句中做宾语
动名词在句中做宾语, 表示经常的，抽象的动作。E.g.
You should consider giving up smoking．
I really can’t help getting excited when I see her．
My wife suggested spending the weekend with her parents．
Miss Wang avoided meeting her former boy-friend Xiao Li．
跟动名词做宾语的动词及短语
下列动词及短语只能跟动名词做宾语：admit；advise；allow；appreciate；approve；avoid；complete；consider；delay；dislike；encourage；enjoy；ensure；escape；excuse；fancy；finish；forbid；forgive；imagine；include；justify；keep；mind；miss；overlook；pardon；picture；postpone；practise；prevent；propose；recommend；reject；report；require；resist；risk；suggest；understand；burst out；can’t help；can’t stand；feel like；give up；go on；insist on；instead of；keep on；
leave off；object to；put off；leave off；look forward to；devote to；be used to；
lead to；get down to；pay attention to；stick to；refer to；point to；turn to；equal to；belong to；E.g.
He admitted taking those books．
Mr. Smith suggested going to the beach．
She excused my not doing the work．
You should consider giving up smoking．
I don’t feel like going to the cinema tonight．
We are looking forward to hearing from you．
He went to Beijing instead of going to Shanghai．
They couldn’t help laughing after hearing my explanation．
I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education．
接动名词或不定式所表示的意义完全不同
一些动词后面接动名词和接动词不定式所表示的意义完全不同 E.g.
1. He stopped talking．他停止讲话。
He stopped to talk．他停下来讲话。
2. I regret not to see the film with you．我很遗憾不能和你一块儿去看电影。
I regret telling him the news．我后悔告诉了他那个消息。
3. I can’t help doing it．我忍不住做了那件事。
I can’t help to do it．我不能帮忙做那件事。
4. Please remember to post the letters．请记住把这些信发出去。
I remember posting your letters．我记得把你的信发出去了。
5. I hate smoking．我讨厌抽烟。
2.
I hate to smoke．我不爱抽烟。
6. What do you mean to do？你打算干什么呢？
What he said means refusing us．他说的话意味着拒绝我们。
7. She proposed catching the early train．她建议赶早班火车。
She proposed to catch the early train．她打算赶早班火车。
8. You may try cleaning it with petrol．你可以试试用汽油清洗它。
I tried to open the door, but couldn’t．我试图打开门，但打不开。
动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的情况
可用动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的形容词有：worth；
可用动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的动词有：need；want；deserve；repay；require；bear；take(需要)；stand(承受)；E.g.
The house needs repairing．
The job will take noticing a lot．
The situation requires careful handling．
This book repays reading and re-reading．
This book is worth reading and re-reading．
动名词的复合结构
动名词有自己的逻辑主语。其构成规律是： 1). 当其逻辑上的主语是有生命的名词时，用名词或代词的所有格。(说明：当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语只用所有格；而当动名词做宾语时，其逻辑主语也可以用普通格)。 2). 当其逻辑上的主语是无生命的名词或抽象概念时，只能用普通格。 3). 逻辑主语是以s结尾的名词或是一个以上的名词构成的词组，只能用普通格。 4). 逻辑主语是数词，指示代词或是不定代词this；that；someone；somebody；anybody；nobody等时，只能用普通格。E.g.
His leaving is a great lose．
He has never heard of a woman being a pilot．
My wife disliked my / me working late．
I don’t like Jack and Tom speaking ill of each other．
Is there any hope our team winning the match？
He was awakened by somebody shouting outside．

动名词的否定式
动名词的否定式通常是将not，never放在动名词之前。当动名词前面有逻辑主语时，not要放在逻辑主语与动名词之间。
I’m sure of him not coming on time．
Mary’s never coming made her teacher very angry．
3.

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