Unit 23 The football match 示例一
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参考教案
Unit 23 The football match
一、教学目标与要求
初步学习并掌握过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，是本单元的教学重点。学生应掌握过去完成时态的构成，并运用这个时态，描述“过去的过去”。能独立完成练习册中有关这一时态的各种形式的练习，正确率不低于70％。通过对第90课课文的学习，学生要用自己的语言对这场球赛进行简单的描述；并仿照课文格式写一篇日记，长度不少于原文的三分之一。教师可利用本单元的阅读课文，检验学生的阅读理解能力和阅读速度，是否达到《教学大纲》中所规定的要求。
二、教学重点与难点
语法：过去完成时态 (The Past Perfect Tense)
三、课时安排
本单元共用4课时，每课书用1课时。
参考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第八十九课 示例一
第八十九课 Lesson Eighty-nine
一、教学内容
1．词汇（略）
2．句型：复习以下句型：1) It's a long time since we met last. 2) Either Wei Hua or Ann may be on the team. 3) Neither Wei Hua nor Ann is on the team. 4) Either time is OK. 5) Neither of them is on the team.
3．语法：复习情态动词may的用法；了解现在完成时的被动语态：The team has already been chosen.
二、教具
录音机；投影仪。
三、课堂教学设计
1．复习 值日生报告。
2．教师用如下语言引出本课要学的内容和词汇。
T: I'm sure many of you like playing basketball and football. And more of you like watching these games. In Jim and Li Lei's school the students are getting ready for an important football match. They are going to take part in the LEAGUE MATCH and play AGAINST other schools. Jim has just been back. He is just IN TIME for the match. He doesn't want to miss it, because it's such an important match.
放慢语速，重复一至两遍，领读生词。
3．听课文第1部分录音，学生跟读一至两遍。
4．教师通过如下演示，介绍本课第2部分的各个句型。
用投影仪打出一个足球队的名单 (Name List) ，但名单上只有10人：
T: We all know that there are eleven players on each team. Now look at this team. There are only ten players. The PE teacher is thinking who is going to be the last one. He is thinking: Li Lei runs fast, but Jim plays better. So we may say that EITHER LI LEI OR JIM WILL BE ON THE TEAM.
教师在名单上加上 Li Lei:
Now we can see that Li Lei is on the team.
By the way, both Wei Hua and Ann want to be players.
Both of them want to take part in the match. But look at the name list. Are they on the team?（名单上没有这两个人）So we can say NEITHER WEI HUA NOR ANN IS ON THE TEAM. Or: NEITHER OF THEM IS ON THE TEAM.
5．打开书，学生默读课文第2部分各句。教师检查学生的理解程度。
6．听课文第3部分录音，学生跟读一至两遍。组织学生两人一组，模仿这部分内容编对话。
7．指导学生做练习册习题。
8．布置作业
1）练习朗读本课对话，抄写生词；2）书面完成练习册习题。
参考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十课 示例一
第九十课 Lesson Ninety
一、教学内容
1．词汇（略）。
2．句型：I found it a bit difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.
3．语法：进一步学习过去完成时态：Our school had played very well during the past year.
4．书面表达：复习书写日记格式及方法。
二、教具
录音机；投影仪。
三、课堂教学设计
1．复习 值日生报告。
2．教师用以下语言引出本课部分生词：
T: Today we are going to read a page from a student's diary. It's about an important football match. By the way, what is the most important when you play football? It's TEAMWORK! Then your team can be a strong team. You can BEAT other teams.
3．给学生六分钟时间默读课文（本课计约245个词）。教师用投影仪打出读前提问 (Pre-reading questions): 1) Which team did the writer's team play against? 2) What did their PE teacher ask them to remember? 规定时限过后，学生回答上述问题。
4．听课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。
5．做练习册习题1。
6．指导学生复习日记书写格式，扼要讲解课文难句（见难点讲解）。
7．布置作业
1）练习朗读课文，准备复述，抄写生词；2）书面完成练习册习题。
四、难点讲解
I found it a bit difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我发现在课堂上有点难以学习，因为我一直在想着下午的比赛。
keep on doing sth. 一直做某件事。
另外，句中it是先行宾语。真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to work in class。这是一种常见的英语句式，当宾语是动词不定式短语或其它短语（如动名词短语）、从句时，如果后面还有宾语补足语（通常是形容词、名词等），常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。再如：
Jim didn't find it very difficult to write letters in Chinese.吉姆发现用汉语写信并不太难。
The farmer thought it strange that a pan could have a baby.农夫觉得很奇怪，平底锅还能生小孩子。
参考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十一课 示例一
第九十一课 Lesson Ninety-one
一、教学内容
1．词汇（略）。
2．句型：1）One player doesn't make a team. 2）We did as he told us.
3．语法：继续学习过去完成时的用法： 1） By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals and we had kicked four. 2）When I got there, they had already started playing.
二、教具
录音机；投影仪。
三、课堂教学设计
1．复习 教师就第90课课文内容提问，学生快速回答（问题可参考练习册第90课的习题1）；并检查复述。
2．借助动作或简笔画，教授本课的三个生词。
3．给学生三分半钟时间默读课文（本课计约151个词）。教师用投影仪打出读前提问（Pre-reading questions）：1）Who kicked two goals for No 64 Middle School? 2）How many goals did the writer's team kick?规定时限过后，学生回答上述问题。
4．听课文录音，学生跟读一至两遍。
5．将两课课文录音完整地放一遍。给学生一点时间准备，然后要求学生复述（仍可采取“接力”做法）。
6．学生独立阅读课文第2、3部分内容。要求学生注意含有过去完成时的句子。
为使学生们能更好地掌握课文内容，教师可设计下表，从不同角度要求学生再现这场比赛的情况：


7．小结本单元出现的过去完成时的用法。
8．布置作业
1）练习朗读课文，继续准备复述，抄写生词；2）书面完成练习册习题。
四、难点讲解
We did as he told us and we won the first place in the league at last!我们按照他说的去
做了，终于赢得了联赛的冠军！句中as he told us是表示方式的状语从句，由as引导，再如：
The old teacher asked the students to do as he did.老教师让学生们照他的样子做。
参考教案 Unit 23 The football match 第九十二课 示例一
第九十二课 Lesson Ninety-two
一、教学内容
1．听写训练
2．小结过去完成时态的用法。
二、教具
录音机。
三、课堂教学设计
1．复习 教师检查学生课文复述。
2．听写训练。可听写本单元所学单词和短语或以下短文（供教师参考）：
Last week, we had a football match. We played against No 64 Middle School. They were all very big and strong. But we were a better team. We kept passing the ball and had very good teamwork. At last we won the match and became the top of the league.
3．准备听课文第2部分录音。教师布置听前提问（Pre-listening question）：Who were the boy's team playing against?
听录音一遍，学生回答问题。再听录音，学生跟读一至两遍。
4．给学生几分钟准备时间，表演这个小对话。
5．学生自己过一遍复习要点内容，教师解答学生的问题。小结过去完成时的用法，讲评练习中出现的问题。
6．指导学生当堂做练习册习题，并核对答案。
7．布置作业
预习下一单元内容。
四、难点讲解
过去完成时的用法：
过去完成时主要表现在过去某一特定时间或某一个具体行为发生之前完成了的动作。这种行为只与过去有联系，而与现在没有联系。例如：
He had lived in Xi'an for six years before he moved to Beijing.移居北京之前他在西安住了6年。
这个句子表明在西安居住这件事是在搬到北京之前完成了的。与 he moved to Beijing（过去搬到北京）有联系，而与说话的时候没有联系。
现在完成时与过去完成时混淆，这是因为汉语可用同一形式表示英语里两个不同的概念。例如：
1）I have written the letter.我写了信。（现在完成时）
这里英语用助动词have+过去分词，汉语为“写了”。
2）I had written the letter before I left the office.我出办公室之前已经写了信。（过去完成时）
这里英语用助动词had+过去分词，可汉语同样为“写了”。英语中这两个时态所表示的概念是不同的。现在完成时表示现在之前发生并且与现在有联系的动作，而过去完成时则表示在过去某一时间之前的动作，它只和过去有联系，而与现在不相干。
过去完成时态的用法大致如下：
1）表示动作在过去某特定时间之前的另一个时间完成，这个时间可以用by+时间状语来表示，也可用一个时间状语从句来表示。例如：
By the end of last year, he had already learnt 4000 English words.截止去年年底，他已学了4000英语单词。
When I had finished my work, I had a rest.我做完工作以后休息了一下。
2）表示由过去的某一个时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一特定时间的动作。这段时间可由for或since引导的短语或从句来表示，例如：
By 1980 she had taught in this school for 20 years. 到1980年时，她已在这所学校教了20年书。
The boy had changed a lot since I had seen him.从上次见面以来这男孩变了不少。

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