Unit 19 Mainly revision 示例二
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参考教案 教学建议
教学建议（Suggested teaching notes）
一、教学内容分析
本单元是一个复习单元，主要帮助学生复习巩固第十五—十八单元所学的内容。具体的教学内容安排如下：
（一）第73课通过问答、操练及写的练习形式复习数字和一般现在时的被动语态用法。（二）第74课的课文是一篇介绍宇宙和人造卫星的文章，以此来复习数字和被动语态的用法，并学习一些词汇和短语。
（三）第75课提供了问答练习，单词与词组替换练习及选词填空练习，通过这些练习来进一步复习巩固表达距离（路程）的句型及一些常见词语的用法。
（四）第76课是由听力练习、构词法知识小结、操练及写的练习四个部分组成。这一课进一步复习与第75课内容相关的词语用法，学习构词法的一般知识，巩固带情态动词的被动语态用法和利用本单元所学词语完成一篇短文的写作练习。
二、教学方法建议
（一）语法复习
本单元主要的教学目的是复习第十五一十八单元所学的语法项目，可以综合运用这几单元的材料和教学方法，同时也要在此基础上采用其它新的教学方式、方法，以便学生能归纳总结所学语法知识。
1．复习有关数字的表达方法
第 73课Ask and answer可让学生做快速的连锁问答，使他们熟悉句型和数字，并达到脱口而出的熟练程度。为了给学生创造更多的机会，教师可提供火车列车时刻表中全国各主要城市间的距离表或世界各地航空路程表，将其放大制成挂图，贴在黑板上。第75课Ask and answer可用同样的材料进行课堂练习活动。待学生练熟课本上的句型后，要适时插入练习册第73课的练习1。其中的重要句型是：
1）How many kilometres by train is it from… to…?
2）How far away is… from…?
3）How many kilos of milk was produced on Green Lake Farm last year?
4）What about 1996?
5）53,500 kilos 5,100 kilos more was produced than last year.
教师要求学生用自己的词填入空缺的部分，用其它词替换句型中划线部分，这样可以造出许多句子，而且还可以事前复习或预习下面练习和课文中出现的词语。例如：
1） How many li by air is it from… to…?
2） How far away is the earth from the moon?
3） How many TV sets were sold in the shop last year?
4） What about 1996?
5） 213 sets. 47 sets more（less） were sold than last year.
练习表示数量的方式有许多种，例如教师将一摞书带到课堂上，让学生猜每本书的页数。做这样的对话：
T: How many pages do you think this book has?
S1: I think about 120.
T: NO. The number is too small.
S2: What about 500?
T: Oh, that's too big.
S3: How about 250?
T: That's quite right. 265.
在第一册和第二册中，我们已经陆续学习了数字的用法，教师可帮助学生回忆它们的念法，并做快速连锁问答。还可就长度、高度、重量等做问答，例如：How long is the Yellow River?How heavy is your bag? How tall／high is that tree?等等。
2．被动语态的复习
本单元第73课Practise和Write；第76课Practise，练习册第73课练习2、3都是被动语态的复习练习。第十五至十八单元的语法重点是被动语态。学生在这4个单元的学习中已基本了解了被动语态的各种构成和用法，而本单元复习和主要目的是引导学生对这一语法项目进行归纳总结，并提高他们综合运用该语法知识的能力。建议教师将本单元及练习册中的相关内容进行重新组合和调整，避免照搬前4单元的教学路子，提高学生的学习兴趣，进而提高他们综合运用语言的能力。
教师让学生先口头操练第73课Practise，此时将练习册第73课练习2也转换成类似课本上 Practise的形式，例如：
Workers make watches in Guangdong.
Workers produce TV sets in Fujian.
People produce fridges in Beijing.
People produce keys in the factory.
学生通过全班、半班、两人小组的口头练习后（将陈述句转为被动语态，再转入下一个句型操练（回答What is／are… used for?）。教师提供如下的提示：
1）telling the time 2）watching TV programmes 3）keeping food fresh 4）opening and locking doors 5）making clothes 6）selling and eating 7）sending people 8）making glasses and other things 9）giving people food 10）sending letters
两个练习所涉及的物品的用途都包括在这些提示中。学生经过反复操练能够完全熟练掌握该句型，教师可引导他们说同一物品的多种用途或谈论其它物品的用途。例如：Radios are used by old people for listening to the news and music.
Radios are used by policemen for sending and receiving messages.
Radios are used by students for learning English.
在充分口头操练的基础上，完成第73课的Write练习也就不难了。在操练第76课Practise时，教师也应启发学生的思维，造出符合生活实际情况的、带情态动词的被动语态句子。这个练习完全可以限制在已有词汇范围内，谁造的句子越多，谁将得到表扬。
Your room must be kept clean and tidy.
Older people must be given seats on a bus.
The tree must be watered often.
练习册第73课练习3是个很好的综合练习。学生完成填空后，教师仍可让他们对照图画，复述这段对话，以达到巩固的目的。
（二）阅读教学
本单元第74课是一篇题为“The universe and man-made satellites”的课文，是一篇科技小品。为了引起学生的阅读兴趣，建议让学生带着问题有目的地阅读，或在阅读前让学生猜测课文内容，然后再阅读课文证实他们的猜测。具体做法是：
1．学生们讨论练习册第74课练习1中的问题，并试着回答这些问题。
2．教师根据每个自然段内容，设置如下概括性问题：
1）What do we mean when we talk about the universe?
2）Do you know anything about the moon? Try to say something about it.
3） What is a man-made satellite? What's it used for?
4）Please say something about people's knowledge of the universe.教师可将学生们的回答简单地板书在黑板的一侧。然后让他们打开书阅读课文。学生们阅读后，教师带着他们验证猜测。在这个过程中，实际上教师是在让学生熟悉本课的大意，并接触课文中的句型和词语。教师在黑板的另一侧板书课文中的关键词，与学生们的猜测答案相对照。下一步让学生逐段复述课文。反复数次后，做练习册第74课练习2。学生在对证这个练习答案的过程中，又复习了本课的词语，掌握了与课文内容相关的新表达方式。这样他们完成练习3、4也就不难了。学生完成了练习2、3、4后，教师可继续让他们将这3个练习中的语句与课文作比较，找出异同，例如：
1）课文—Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.
练习—Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them.
2）课文—The moon travels round the earth. It is our satellite.
练习—The moon, our satellite, travels round the earth.
在这种比较过程中，学生又一次熟悉了课文内容及词语，特别是被动语态的用法。与此同时也锻炼了他们的思维能力，认识到英语语言表达灵活的特点，为下一步的词汇教学做好辅垫。
本单元配套《阅读训练》的内容，由一篇短文和小韵诗组成。短文的体裁和题材与课文相似，可作为课文教学的补充材料。这一部分的词汇量是288个。
（三）词汇教学
本单元的词汇大部分出现在阅读课文之中。词汇练习主要由两部分组成。第一部分是一组有关选择电视节目的对话及词语练习。第二部分是构词法的部分知识。
1．对话及词语练习
本单元第75课Practise和Choose the right words及练习册第75课练习1、 2都是有关选择电视节目的对话练习。练习册第75课练习3和第76课练习3分别是有关put和make词组的练习。这些练习中生词很少，只有两个：enjoyable和channel。但讨论选择电视或电台节目的对话在教材中是第一次出现。
建议教师把课文第75课Practise和练习册第75课练习2放在一起练习。首先，教师向学生展示电视和电台节目表，如下表。
TV: 1.Programme for Children Radio: 1. Music World
2. 29—part Series: Family（2） 2. News Report
3.China Reports 3. Foreign Languages Magazine
4.Series: Women 4.Window on Chinese History
5. Chinese Programmes for Foreigners
6.Music Bridge
7.Basketball Match (Beijing Vs Henan)
这两个练习中的主要句型如下：
1）Which TV/radio programme shall we watch/listen to?
2）Which TV／radio programme do you think is more interesting/enjoyable?
3） Well, I don't think any of them is interesting/enjoyable.
4）I think I shall…instead.
5） Why don't you go and… instead?
6） Good idea. That is much better than….／… is better than….
学生看图按全班、半班、两人小组操练句型，直至熟练为止。然后全班进入下一个对话内容的学习，即课本第75课Choose the right words和练习册第75课练习1。这两个练习原本是写的练习，但建议教师依靠图片和角色扮演等手段，让学生们先口头熟悉对话内容，并采取各种形式进行口头操练，然后再据此完成笔头练习。教师应鼓励学生积极思维，创造性地编出不同的对话。例如：
1) A: Which TV programme shall we watch? I can't decide.
B: Which do you think is more interesting?
A: Well, I think the children's programme is more enjoyable.
B: Which channel is it on?
A: It is usually found on Channel 3. Try that.
B: I've tried that. But I can't get it.
2) A: What are you doing?
B: I'm trying to find our favourite TV programme-sports.
A: Have you got it yet?
B: No. I don't know which channel it is on.
A：It must be on Channel 14. Try that.
B：OK…But this is not sports.
A: Well, I don't think any of the programmes is interesting. I think I shall listen to the radio instead. Why don't you join me? It must be more enjoyable.
2．构词法
本单元主要介绍了构词法中复合名词；名词变形容词；动词变名词（结尾为er/or）的构词形式。在教学构词法知识时，教师可采取提供部分例词，要求学生通过观察自己总结出构词规则的方式，让学生对构词法知识的认识从感性认识上升到理性认识，从而印象深刻，记忆牢固。
复合名词的学习要结合练习册第76课练习2。现根据上述构词法将第一册到第三册中出现的有关单词归类如下：
复合名词：afternoon baskeball bedroom birthday blackboard bookseller bookshop breakfast classmate classroom day-time doorbell Englishman fireplace football gate-keeper gateman grand-parents granddaughter grandson handbag headache headmaster headteacher hometown homework housework kilometre know-all loudspeaker mooncake motorbike northeast northwest pencil-box penfrlend photograph playground policeman postcard railway reading-room shopkeeper southeast southwest spaceship sunrise sunshine teapot teamwork volleyball weekday 名词变形容词：interesting surprising northern southern woolen
动词变名词（结尾-er/or）：
cleaner driver inventor keeper teacher speaker traveller visitor worker
（四）笔头训练
本单元设置了一些写的练习，它们大多用来配合语法复习、课文教学和词语教学。第76课最后一个练习Write是专门训练写作文的技能。写的内容和所用句型和词语都与第十五—十九单元有关。教师应引导学生复习这几单元内容，然后再进行写的练习。下面提供几个例子。
1) My sister loves in France. Last week she sent me a postcard. She said that she had watched a very interesting program me on TV. It was sent to France from Japan by satellite. The program me was about twins. She liked it very much.
2) David lives in Oxford. Last week I got a letter from him. It said that he had heard a very interesting program me on the radio. The program me was about the old things in a museum and it was sent to Oxford from China by man-made satellite. He said that he enjoyed it very much.
（五）听力训练
本单元设置了一个听力练习，即在第76课第一部分和练习册第76课练习1。内容是有关几个著名的宇航员的。为了降低听力难度，在听之前教师可出示有关宇航员的照片，并用英语作简单的介绍，以引起学生的兴趣，使他们有目的地捕捉听力材料中的有用信息，最后逐步完成听力练习。
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学参考资料 示例二
教学参考资料（Reference for teaching）
补充注释（Additional notes）
1. When we talk about the universe, we mean the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space between them. 当我们谈论宇宙时，我们指的是地球、太阳、月亮、星星和它们之间的空间。
mean 作动词，表示“意指、意谓”，其后常接名词或宾语从句等。又如：
Whom do you mean? 你指的是谁？
I always mean what I say. 我总是说话算数的。
2. SO far, no man has travelled farther than the moon … 到目前为止，还没有人到比月球更远的地方去旅行过……。
so far 到目前为止；至今。又如：
So far we have learnt no more than 1,000 English words. 到现在为止，我们所学的英语单词不到1,000个。
So far, so good. 到目前为止，一切顺利。
We are doing things no one has so far done. 我们正做别人没做过的事。
3. Thanks to space satellites … 由于宇宙卫星……
thanks to 幸亏，由于。又如：
Thanks to your help, we finished the work on time. 幸亏有你的帮助，我们及时完成了工作。
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学步骤 示例二
教学步骤（Teaching steps）
Lesson 73
Notes:
1 In this unit, the lesson plans follow the exercises in the book very closely and grammar points are treated briefly. If your Ss need extra practice on particular topic, feel free to provide a grammar focus where necessary.
2 You will need to prepare a written test to give your students at the end of this unit.
3 This lesson mainly revises numbers and the Passive Voice.
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework.
Step 2 Presentation
SB page 73, Part 1. Tell the Ss to look at the diagram. Ask What does it tell us? (The distance between cities. )
Give some examples of the dialogue, playing both parts yourself:
A: How many kilometres by train is it from Nanjing to Wuhan?
B: 1229. How many kilometres is it from Kunming to Shanghai?
A: 2677.
Now ask the whole class:
How many kilometres is it from Changsha to Beijing / Wuhan to Nanjing / Guangzhou to Shanghai?
Make sure the Ss say the numbers correctly. Get individual Ss to make up questions.
Step 3 Practice
Ss ask and answer about the diagram in pairs. Step 4 Presentation
Revise the Passive Voice by collecting a number of objects on your desk. Ask the Ss What's this? What's it made of? Where was it made?
Show or draw pictures of a car, a bag of salt and some bananas.
Ask Where are cars made? (Shanghai) Where is salt produced? (Jiangxi) Where are bananas grown?
(Hainan)
Write the questions on the Bb to revise the forms of the Passive Voice.
Step 5 Practice
SB page 73, Part 2. Discuss the model with the Ss. Point out that by people is usually omitted. Do the first one with the whole class as an example, then let the Ss work on their own, writing the answers in their exercise books. Check the answers with the whole class.
Step 6 Write
Talk about the objects on your desk. Ask about (e. g. ) a pen: What's it used for? Help the Ss to answer It's used for writing. Write the sentence on the Bb to revise the be used for + ing structure.
Explain the new words and expressions. Teach satellite and universe by showing pictures or translation. doing problems = solving problems. SB page 73, Part 3. Do two or three examples orally before the Ss write down their answers. Check the answers with the whole class.
Step 7 Workbook
Wb Lesson 73, Exx. 1 and 2.
For Ex. 1, go through the diagram and the model dialogue carefully and do another example(mutton) with the whole class before getting the Ss to ask and answer in pairs.
Do Ex. 2 orally in class. If time permits, let the Ss do Ex. 3. The answers to Ex. 3 are: an, for, from, does, on, feet, water, of, wood, in. This machine is called waterwheel.
Homework
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Do Ex. 2 in the exercise books
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学步骤 Lesson74 示例二
Lesson 74
Note: This lesson mainly revises different verb tenses, especially the Present Perfect Tense. Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Revise the diagram and dialogue in SB page 73, Part 1.

Step 2 Preparation for reading
Revise or introduce some vocabulary: sun, earth, moon, space and spaceship by drawing a picture of the sun on the Bb. Ask What's this? Then draw the earth, saying This is where we live. What's its name? Add the moon, saying This is the moon. The moon is a satellite of the earth.
Revise the word universe and space and draw a spaceship, like this:

SB page 74. Tell the Ss Today we are going to read about the universe. What's the title of the passage? (The Universe and Man-made Satellites). Read the passage quickly and find out what a satellite is. Let the Ss give an explanation in English, if possible, e. g. A satellite goes round the earth. The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are many man-made satellites in the space, too.
Explain that man-made is an adjective meaning made by people. Man in this text means the human race.
Step 3 Reading
Wb Lesson 74, Ex. 1. Read through the questions with the Ss and make sure they understand them.
Let the Ss read the passage carefully and then discuss their answers in pairs. Finally check the answers with the whole class.
Deal with any difficulties that the Ss have. They should be able to guess the meaning of new words such as knowledge and programme from the context, but tell them to use their dictionary where necessary.
You could give some more background information about spaceships without people: some spaceships have been sent to visit different planets, such as Mars, Venus and Jupiter.
If you wish, ask the Ss to write the answers to Wb Ex. 1 in their exercise books. The suggested answer to the last question is: With the help of the man-made satellites, it is easy for different countries to send and receive messages. We can also use satellites to help us make telephone calls to foreign countries.
Step 4 Reading aloud
Speech Cassette Lesson 74. Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat. Use any method that you think suitable: repetition by the whole class, groups, pairs or individual Ss. You could play the tape with the Ss reading silently: then pause the tape and get the Ss to read the next sentence.
Step 5 Workbook
Wb Lesson 74, Exx. 2-4. Do Ex. 2 orally first, then let the Ss write down their answers. The answers are: universe, between, far, can, not, satellite, round, by, satellites, into, round, about, receiving, from, smaller. Get the Ss to work alone or in pairs for Ex. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. The answers are: 1 satellite, 2 messages, 3 knowledge, 4 programmes, 5 universe, 6 understand.
Do Ex. 4. The answers are: 1 with, 2 without, 3 without, 4 with.
Step 6 Consolidation
Revise the contents of the passage orally, using the questions in Wb Ex. 1 as a guide.
Homework
Read the passage again.
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Write down the answers to the questions in Ex. 1 in the exercise books.
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学步骤 Lesson75 示例二
Lesson 75
Note: This lesson mainly revises the modal verbs, comparative adjectives and numbers.
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework
2 Revise the contents of the passage in Lesson 74. using the questions in Wb Lesson 74, Ex. 1 as a guide.
Step 2 Presentation
SB page 75, Part 1. Tell the Ss to read the model question and find the answer in the box. Then let them ask and answer questions in pairs. Check the answers in the class. Make sure the Ss say the numbers correctly.
Step 3 practice
SB page 75, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 75. Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and repeat. Then divide the Ss into two groups to practise. Point out that Which do you think is more interesting? = Which programme (of the two ) is more interesting? Note the use of shall to express a decision in I think I shall read a book instead.
Get the Ss to practise the dialogue in pairs, and then make up a second dialogue about listening to the radio. Get some Ss to act out both dialogues.
Step 4 Acting
SB page 75, Part 3. Do the first two orally as an example, then let the Ss work in pairs, choosing the right words. Check the answers with the whole class. Get the Ss guess the meaning of channel. The answers are: find, found, anything, must, still, them, something, may, take, mend.
Let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. Finally, see if they can do it without their books!
Step 5 Workbook
Wb Lesson 75, Exx. 1 and 2.
Do Ex. 1 orally with the whole class first, then let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. The answers are: find, it, more, on, other, about, very / quite / rather, watch.
For Ex. 2, let the Ss make up their own dialogues. Get some pairs to act out their dialogue.
If time permits, ask the Ss to write out their dialogue in their exercise books.
Do Ex. 3. Get the Ss to read over the sentences and decide which phrases to choose. Then call out Ss to Complete the sentences. The answers are: put up: put, away; put on; put, down; put up; put, on.
Homework
Write one of the dialogues in Ex. 2 in the exercise book.
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Revise Checkpoints 15 to 18.
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学步骤 Lesson75 示例二
Lesson 75
Note: This lesson mainly revises the modal verbs, comparative adjectives and numbers.
Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework
2 Revise the contents of the passage in Lesson 74. using the questions in Wb Lesson 74, Ex. 1 as a guide.
Step 2 Presentation
SB page 75, Part 1. Tell the Ss to read the model question and find the answer in the box. Then let them ask and answer questions in pairs. Check the answers in the class. Make sure the Ss say the numbers correctly.
Step 3 practice
SB page 75, Part 2. Speech Cassette Lesson 75. Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and repeat. Then divide the Ss into two groups to practise. Point out that Which do you think is more interesting? = Which programme (of the two ) is more interesting? Note the use of shall to express a decision in I think I shall read a book instead.
Get the Ss to practise the dialogue in pairs, and then make up a second dialogue about listening to the radio. Get some Ss to act out both dialogues.
Step 4 Acting
SB page 75, Part 3. Do the first two orally as an example, then let the Ss work in pairs, choosing the right words. Check the answers with the whole class. Get the Ss guess the meaning of channel. The answers are: find, found, anything, must, still, them, something, may, take, mend.
Let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. Finally, see if they can do it without their books!
Step 5 Workbook
Wb Lesson 75, Exx. 1 and 2.
Do Ex. 1 orally with the whole class first, then let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs. The answers are: find, it, more, on, other, about, very / quite / rather, watch.
For Ex. 2, let the Ss make up their own dialogues. Get some pairs to act out their dialogue.
If time permits, ask the Ss to write out their dialogue in their exercise books.
Do Ex. 3. Get the Ss to read over the sentences and decide which phrases to choose. Then call out Ss to Complete the sentences. The answers are: put up: put, away; put on; put, down; put up; put, on.
Homework
Write one of the dialogues in Ex. 2 in the exercise book.
Finish off the Workbook exercises.
Revise Checkpoints 15 to 18.
参考教案 Unit 19 Mainly revision 教学步骤 Lesson76 示例二
Lesson 76
Note: This lesson introduces a little knowledge about word formation and revises the Passive Voice. Step 1 Revision
1 Check the homework.
2 Revise the vocabulary connected with space in Lesson 74.
Step 2 Listening
SB page 76, Part 1. Listening Cassette Lesson 76. Wb Lesson 76, Ex. 1. Tell the Ss Today we are going to hear about people who travelled in space.
Read through the questions in Wb Ex. 1 and make sure the Ss understand them. If you wish, let the Ss guess the answers, using a pencil.
Play the tape once or twice as necessary. Let the Ss check their answers in pairs before checking with the whole class. Deal with any difficulties that arise.
Listening text
Listen to the passage, and answer the question on page 76 of your workbook:
Man is beginning to travel in space. The first man in space was a Russian, Yuri Gagarin. He took off on April 12, 1961 and landed again 108 minutes later. The first woman in space was also a Russian, Valentina Tereshkova. In June 1963, she took nearly three days to go round the earth 48 times. she landed on earth after travelling nearly 2 million kilometres. The first man to land on the moon was an American named Neil Armstrong. He landed on the moon on 21 July 1969. He was joined by another American Buzz Aldrin. They stayed on the moon for about 21 hours.
The answers are: 1 B, 2 A, 3 B, 4 C, 5 B, 6 C, 7 C, 8 A.
Step 3 Word building
Explain that, in English, we can make new words from old words. Give examples: class + room = classroom; home + work = homework. See if the Ss can think of other examples.
SB page 76, Part 2. Read through the list. Check that the Ss understand the meaning of the words by translation if necessary.
Note that in American English woollen and traveller are spelt as woolen and traveler.
Step 4 Workbook
Wb Exx. 2 and 3. Do Ex. 2 orally with the whole class before allowing the Ss to work alone. Finally, check the answers with the whole class.
The answers to Ex. 2 are: birthday, grandson, grandparents, homework, home town, southeast, southwest, sitting room, bookshop, bookseller, bedroom, football, housework, weekday, meeting room, loudspeaker, classmate, basketball, northwest, reading room, headmaster, downstairs. For Ex. 3, pay attention to the usage of make.
Step 5 Checkpoint 19
Revise Checkpoints 15 to 18. Spend time on the areas of particular difficulty that you have noticed in your Ss' work. Ask them to raise problems too. If necessary, give some drills or exercises for extra practice.
Step 6 Practice
SB page 76, Part 3. Your revision of the Checkpoints should have covered the Passive Voice. Do this exercise orally with the whole class, then let the Ss write down their answers.
Step 7 Write
SB page 76, Part 4. Let the Ss read the short passage. Ask some questions: Who wrote the letter? Where does she live? What was the program me about? etc. Collect some ideas for the Ss' writing. Tell them to think about an interesting radio / TV program me or book / passage. Ask them What was it about?
Let the Ss write their passage and ask them to check their partner's work. Get them to make any necessary changes.
Finally, collect their work for marking. Pay attention to the contents as well as the grammar of your Ss' work.
Homework
Prepare for the mid-term exam.

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