初二牛津版第3单元重点与难点解析 |
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 作者:李凡云 赵宜侠 【问】Did you feel food was going to come up from your stomach for most of the trip? 这里come up from是什么意思?它与come from,come up with有什么区别? 【答】come up,有"上升,出发,接近,出现"等意思。例如:Christmas is coming up soon.圣诞节快要到了。本句中的food was going to come up from your stomach意思是"食物都快要从肚里倒出来了",come up from...则可以理解为"从......出现/出来"。 come from 意为"来自于......"。如: Linda comes from Canada. come up with意为"赶上,追上",与catch up with同义。如: We came/caught up with the travelers at the top of the hill. 我们在山顶上赶上了这些游人。 【问】Skiing there is great fun.这是一个there be句型吗? 【答】不是。这句话从形式上看好像是there be句型,其实这里的there是地点副词,它在句中作状语。这是个系表结构的句子,skiing 是动名词作主语,is是系动词,其后是名词短语作表语。再如:Writing there is great fun.在那儿写字很有趣。 【问】What happened on the South Hill?与The match takes place at South Hill School.这两句话中happen与take place都有"发生"之意,用法一样吗? 【答】在这里,happen意思是"发生",take place意思是"举行"。 happen与take place都有"发生"之意,但用法不一样。happen 指"偶然发生",take place则指"按照计划、安排发生"。如: What happened to Jim? 吉姆怎么啦? The wedding will take place next week. 婚礼将在下周举行。 【问】The school bus takes over an hour to get back to my school after lunch.与How long do you want to spend at each place? 这两句中的take 与spend有什么区别? 【答】这两个词都可以作"花费"解,但用法不一样。 take主要指花费时间,其主语必须是物,常见结构为:It takes sb. some time to do sth., it在此作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。如: It took me an hour to do my homework last night. 昨晚我做作业花了一个小时。 take的主语也可以是某种活动,其后接宾语或双宾语。 The work will take a week.这工作要花费一个星期的时间。 spend的主语必须是人,其常见结构为: sb. spend time/money on sth.或sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth.,其中in可以省略。如: He spent six dollars on the book.他买那本书花了六美元。 He doesn't spend much time on his homework.他在作业上花的时间不多。 【问】do可以作实义动词和助动词使用,但do's and don'ts怎样理解? 【答】do通常用作动词,但也可以用作名词,意为"事情,该做的事"。do's(或dos) and don'ts意为"该做的事和不该做的事"即"规章制度,注意事项"。 Unit 3 重点句型解析 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 作者:曹雪云 1. 【问】应该怎样理解Are you going to climb the hill? 【答】这句话是be going to do sth.句型的疑问形式。be going to do sth.从形式上看是"be+V-ing"结构,是进行时态,但实际上它表示的是将来的意义,是指按照计划、安排将要发生的事情,因此问题中提到的句子应译为"你准备去爬山吗?"。再如: What are you going to do tomorrow morning? I'm going to run. 明天早上你打算做什么?我打算跑步。 2. 【问】I want to exercise but not to keep fit.这句话属于哪类句型? 【答】这句话所含的句型是"want to do sth."意为"想做某事",这是由want这一动词决定的,这里的to是不定式符号。如果是否定式,则在to前加not。如问题中的not to keep fit就是这种情况。再如: He wants to read English but not to read Chinese every morning.他每天早上想读英语,不想读语文。 类似于want用法的动词还有ask, plan, decide, hope, agree等。 3. 【问】怎样理解"Daniel taught himself how to make a home page."这句话的结构? 【答】这句话的主语是Daniel,谓语动词是taught,后面跟的是双宾语,即himself和how to make a home page,而后者又是"疑问词+不定式"作宾语。这句话的意思是"Daniel自学了怎样做主页",整个句型是"主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(由"疑问词+不定式"构成)"。再如: My English teacher is teaching us how to write a letter in English. 我们的英语老师正在教我们怎样用英语写信。 Mr Li told her what to do next. 李先生告诉了她下一步做什么。 |
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