unit 15 language points
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Unit15 language points
1. mystery. [C]神秘的事；不可思议的事。
Her sudden disappearance was a complete mystery.他的突然失踪是一件不可思议的事。
It’s a mystery to me how she passed the exam.她是如何通过考试的对我来说是一个谜。
[U]神秘性，谜
stories full of mystery
mysterious. Adj. 神秘的，难以理解的
The mysterious disappearance of Jim upset everyone.吉姆的神秘失踪使大家心烦意乱。
2. sorry, I didn’t recognize you.对不起，我刚才没认出你来。
本句话中所用的时态是一般过去时。因为说话时让娜已经知道对方是谁，所以应该用与现在无关的时态，即过去时。
I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.我没想到你会给我带礼物。
The problem is so simple. I wonder why I didn’t think of that.我刚才怎么没想到呢。
Oh, it’s you, I’m sorry I didn’t know you were here.抱歉我不知道你在这。
*recognize (recognize): Vt. 没有进行式
①辨认出 recognize sb/sth (by sth)
Dogs recognize people by their smell.狗凭嗅觉认人
The town has changed so much you wouldn’t recognize it.这个城镇变化太大你会认不出它的
②承认recognise sb/sth (as sth) recognize sb/sth (to do)
Everyone recognize him to be a good man./as a good man.大家都承认他是个好人
③认清；认识到recognise+ (that)
He didn’t recognize that he was wrong.他不承认他错了
*recognise与know比较，前者指“认出，辨认”，为短暂性动词。而know指“知道，认识”， 为延续性动词。
I recognize my son’s voice on the phone.　从电话中我认出是我儿子的声音。
Tom pretended that he didn’t know the old man.　汤姆假装不认识那位老人。
3. “ Years of hard work, very little food ……a moment’s rest.”
多年的辛勤劳作，食不果腹，居住的房间很小，从来没有片刻的休息。
这段话由四个名词构成，表明了四个完整意思，这种结构叫单成分句。它本身就是一个相对完整的语言单位，无须补充其他句子成分。使用单成分句显得言简意赅，深刻感人。
“…only a small cold room to live in”是不定式作定语。不定式作定语通常放在它所修饰的名词后面，与该名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。
Could you find me a job to do?帮我找个工作做？
Do you have anything to say on this question?
如该动词是不及物动词，应该加上适当名词。
There is nothing to worry about.没什么好担心的。
Please give me a knife to cut with.
I need some paper to write on.我需要一些写字的纸。
4．surely. adv.
①surely作“无疑，当然”讲，表示说话人对句子主语将发生的事相当有把握。
He will surely succeed in passing the exam.他一定会成功通过考试的
Careless driving will surely cause accidents.粗心驾车一定会导致事故
②surely还可以用来表示“对所说的内容确信无疑，或者表示对某事的惊讶”
I surely met him somewhere in Beijing.我一定在北京的某个地方见过他
Surely you are not going to eat that! 你不至于吃那种东西吧？
③surely也可以作“当然，没问题”
-Can I use your car for a while?
-Surely.
5. explain.vt&vi. 解释，说明
explain sth (to sb). explain + (to sb) + that/wh-
The lawyer explained the new law (to us).
Can you explain what this word means? 你能解释一下这个词的意思吗？
He explained to the policeman that his driving licence was lost. 他向警察解释他的驾驶执照丢了。
6．jewelly. [U] 珠宝，首饰 a jewelly box珠宝盒
This necklace is my most valuable piece of jewelly.这个项链是我最贵重的珠宝
jewel (一般用复数)，宝石饰物，首饰
She locked her jewels in the safe. 她把她的首饰锁在保险箱里了。
7. Can’t you just wear a flower instead? 你不能只戴朵花吗？
本句话是表示否定的疑问句。否定疑问句一般用在表示请求，发表个人看法或是表示惊讶的情况下。
Can’t you help me now? （表示请求）
Can’t you finish such an easy job in so long a time? （表示惊讶）
否定疑问句一般都是期待对方的肯定回答，或者不打算对方回答。回答的时候，肯定回答用yes，但要翻译成“不”，相反，则用no。
-Don’t you like your present?
-Yes, I do. 不，我喜欢。
-Isn’t he a writer?
-No, he isn’t. 对，他不是。
8. continue. vi(+with)& vt （使）继续；（使）延续
the fighting continued for a week.战斗持续了一个星期。
How long can they continue (with) this damaging strike?他们这种破坏性罢工能持续多久？
[+to do]
she continued to make progress in her lesson.她继续在学习中取得进步。
[+v-ing]
he continued writing his diaries until he died.他坚持写日记直到去世。
* to be continued未完待续
* continuous. adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的
The brain needs a continuous supply of blood.大脑需要不断的供血
9. call on, call at, visit, drop in
call on sb 拜访某人 call at some place访问某地
I decide to call on mr smith and hope to ask him for some good advice.
I called at my friend’s office during my stay in shanghai.
visit既可做动词，宾语可以是人，又可以是物。也可做名词，和pay构成短语,
pay a visit (to) sb/some place
He was happy to have a chance to visit Canada.
He often pays a visit to the poor areas of his own country.
drop in “顺便拜访”，指未事先通知的非正式访问。是不及物动词短语，通常需要接介词on和at. drop in on sb drop in at some place
Please drop in when you’re free.
Tom often drops in on me.
On my way home, I dropped in at Li Hua’s house.
call back 召回 call for要求
call forth 使产生…；唤起… call in请…；招请
call off 取消…；停止 call out大声叫喊
call up打电话给…
10．Pierre and I did have a good time at the ball.……确实在舞会上玩的很开心。
在本句话中，did是助动词，用在肯定句中起强调作用。译为“确实。的确”。
I did see him on my way to school yesterday. 我在上学途中确实看到他了。
My father does enjoy traveling.我父亲的确喜欢旅游
They do come here every Saturday morning.他们确实每周六早晨来这里。
[注意]：由于助动词已经体现了句子中的时态和数，所以谓语动词应该用原形。
*have a good/pleasant/wonderful time (=enjoy onself) 过得愉快
*have a hard/bad time过得艰难；日子过得不好

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