Unit9 Gymnastics
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　　单元目标
　　1．本单元复习主语和谓语的一致性．
　　主谓语一致概括起来有三条原则值得我们注意：①语法形式上的一致②语言内容上的一致③谓语动词和紧接其前的主语的一致
　　①语法形式上的一致
　　A．名词单数、动词不定式短语和动名词短语及名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg： Serving the people is my great happiness．
　　为人民服务是我最大的幸福．
　　When to start has not been decided．
　　什么时候出发还没定．
　　B．在主谓倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语一致．
　　eg： Here comes the bus．
　　公共汽车来了．
　　There is a pen and some books on the desk．
　　书桌上有一只钢笔和一些书．
　　C．用and连接的并列主语，如果两个并列主语前都有冠词，表明是不同的两个人或两件物，谓语动词用复数；如果两个并列主语前只有一个冠词，则表明是同一个人或同一件物，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg： A famous singer and a famous dancer are going to visit our school tomorrow．
　　一位著名的歌唱家和一位著名的舞蹈家打算明天访问我们学校．
　　The horse and cart carrying heavy things was going by at that moment．
　　那时，那辆载着重物的马车正从边上经过．
　　D．主语后面出现as well as，no less than，rather than，but，like，besides，with，to get her with，along with等词或词组引导的名词，谓语不受其影响仍和主保持一致．
　　eg：Grandpa Wang，together with his three grandsons，is taking a walk in the park．
　　王大爷和他的三个孙子正在公园里散步．
　　E．复数名词或短语表示时间、价格、数字、度量衡及国家、单位和书报的名称，它们作为一个单一的概念时，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg： Ten miles is not a long distance．
　　十英里不是一段长距离．
　　Arabian Nights is full of a lot of interesting stories．
　　《天方夜谈》充满着许多有趣的故事．
　　F．either，neither，each，one，the other，another，anyone，anything，anybody，everyone，everything，everybody，someone，something，somebody，no one，nothing，no-body等代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg： Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it．
　　世上无难事，只怕有心人．
　　G．在定语从句中，关系代词who，that，which等作主语时，谓语动词应与主句中先行词的单复数保持一致．
　　eg：Yesterday we met Tom，who had just got his licence．
　　昨天，我们碰到了汤姆，他刚拿到执照．
　　He is one of the famous actors who live in the world．
　　He is the one of the famous actors who lives in the world．
　　他是在世的最著名的演员之一．
　　(请注意画线部分的词，它们是定语从句的先行词．)
　　H．more than短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于more than后面的名词的单复数．
　　eg： More than one person has made the suggestion．
　　不止一个人提过这个建议．
　　More than two hundred people were present at the meeting．
　　两百多个人参加这个会议．
　　②语言内容上的一致
　　A．有些名词形式上是复数，而意义上却是单数．如：news，means，works(工厂)， physics，mathematics，economics，politics，mechanics等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg：The glass works was set up in 1978．
　　这个玻璃厂建于1978年．
　　Physics is more interesting than maths．物理学比数学有趣．
　　B．有些单词，如：glasses，scales，scissors，trousers，goods等，它们单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数．但如果这类名词前有a pair of来修饰时，谓语动词常用单数．
　　eg：The glasses are yours．
　　这副眼镜是你的．
　　This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou．
　　这把剪刀是杭州制造的．
　　C．有些名词，单数形式代表复数意义，如：people，police，public，cattle等．这类形单意复的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数．
　　eg：The police were searching for the spy．
　　警察正在查找那间谍．
　　D．有些集合名词，如：family，team，class，company，group，government，com-mittee等，它们作主语时，谓语动词要根据语言的内容而定．强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调个体时，谓语动词用复数．
　　eg：His family are all workers．他家都是工人.
　　His family is going to move．他家就要搬了
　　E．all，或the rest单独作主语，指可数名词时，谓语动词用复数；指不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数．
　　eg：All is not gold that glitters．
　　发光的东西未必都是金子．
　　The students who have finished your homework may go to play on the ground and the rest aren’t allowed to go out of the classroom．
　　做完作业的学生可去操场上玩，其余的不允许走出教室．
　　F．冠词the加形容词构成的短语作主语时，指人时，谓语常用复数；指物时，谓语用单数．
　　eg：Now the poor in some areas still live a miserable life．
　　目前，有些地区的穷人仍然过着悲惨的生活．
　　The unexpected always happens．
　　意料不到的事常常发生．(天有不测风云)
　　G．短语A number of和The number of修饰主语时，前者谓语动词用复数，后者谓语动词用单数．
　　eg：A number of students are playing on the ground．
　　许多学生正在操场上玩．
　　The number of the students in our class is 48．
　　我班学生的人数是48人．
　　③谓语动词和其紧靠着的主语一致
　　短语A or B，either A or B，A nor B，neither A nor B，not A but B，not only A but also B，等连接的并列主语，谓语和其紧靠着的主语一致．
　　eg：He or you have taken my pen．他或你拿了我的笔．
　　Has he or you taken my pen?他还是你拿了我的笔？
　　2．用下列词和词组复述课文
　　a Sunday in October；be content to do；chat with；make no serious mistakes；
　　it’s time for．．．；jump upwards；catch；do a neat circle；in all；land；It’s clear that．．．；
　　glance at；the results；gain more points than；be delighted；
　　The first thing she did was do

　　讨论难点
　　词和词组的辨析
　　1．hurt：v．可用于身体、情感等方面的受伤和伤害
　　injure：v．常指由意外事故所受的伤，也可指感情上的伤害
　　wound：v．常指由切割、射击、受攻击所受的伤
　　eg：He hurt his back when he fell．
　　他掉下来时伤了他的背．
　　Their criticisms have hurt him deeply．
　　他们的批评使他很伤心．
　　His back was injured in the car accident．
　　车祸中，他的背受了伤．
　　I hope I didn’t injure her feelings．
　　我希望我没有伤她的感情．
　　The bullet wounded the policeman in the left arm．
　　那子弹击中警察的左臂．
　　2．high：adv．指动作或物体的高度，可用具体的数字来描述
　　highly：adv．指引申含义，起修饰作用
　　eg：jump high跳高
　　pay high付高价
　　think highly of sb．器重某人
　　speak highly of sb．高度评价某人
　　3．victory：n．常指战争、竞争、游戏等中的胜利，可用作可数名词和不可数名词．
　　success：n．译为成功，成就时，为不可数名词；译为成功的人或事时，为可数名词．
　　eg：Our team has had two defeats and has gained eight victories．
　　我们队二负八胜．
　　lead the troops to victory
　　率领军队迈向胜利
　　He has had great success in his life．
　　他在一生中已取得了很大的成功．
　　He was not a success as governor．
　　他作为一名统治者是一位失败者．
　　4．be proud of：为……感到骄傲，形容词短语
　　take pride in：为……感到骄傲，动词短语
　　eg：He felt very proud of having a friend with such noble ideas．
　　他为有这么一位具有崇高品质的朋友感到自豪．
　　Today we are proud of our school and tomorrow our school will take pride in us．
　　今天我们以学校为荣，明天学校以我们为荣．
　　5．in all；altogether：adv．；in total；为同义词，均表示总数，一共是多少．
　　eg：There are twenty-one in all．总共21个．
　　There are altogether twenty-one．总共21个．
　　You owe me￡3 altogether．你一共欠我3英磅．
　　In total，there must have been 20，000 people here．
　　加起来这儿一定有两万个人．


核心知识
　　1．掌握如下交际用语
　　Doctor
　　What can I do for you?
　　How I can help you?
　　What seems to be the matter?
　　Where does it hurt?
　　Let me listen to your chest．
　　Patient
　　There is something wrong with
　　My ．．．hurts．I hurt my．．．．
　　I’ve got a pain here．
　　I feel terrible． I don’t feel well．
　　I’ve got a headache and a cough．
　　Let me take a look at it you． I’ve got a temperature and all my bones ache．
　　You need an X-ray examination．
　　Mmm，I see．It’s nothing serious．
　　Take it easy．
　　Do this treatment twice a day for a week．
　　Take this medicine wo pills 3 times a day．
　　Go to bed until you feel stronger．
　　It’ll You ’ll be all right well etter soon．
　　2．本单元词和词组、句型用法的介绍
　　①sth．be fit to eat
　　形容词如：light，heavy，simple，hard，easy，difficult，cheap，expensive，important，
unimportant，comfortable，pleasant，fit，bitter等在主语+系动词+表语的句型中作表语时，其后接的及物动词作状语，一般不用被动．其逻辑宾语即为该句的主语．
　　eg：The question is easy to answer．这问题容易回答．
　　The picture is pleasant to look at．这照片看起来很舒服．
　　②At the same time，gymnastics，without equipment，was developed in Sweden as a keep fit programme for schools．
　　与此同时，瑞典把无器械的体操运动作为中小学的一项保健项目而进行开发．
　　下列动词，如：treat，regard，look on upon，use，describe，think of，see，intro-duce，
take等可与as搭配．
　　eg：I’ll introduce him as a famous musician from Austria to everybody here．
　　我将把他当作一名来自奥地利的著名音乐家介绍给在座的各位．
　　She looked on him as a very great scholar．
　　她认为他是一位伟大的学者．
　　③In competitions women perform some of their exercises to music，so．．．．
　　在竞赛中，女子伴随着音乐表演某些体操，所以……注意此句中介词to的用法．
　　do sth．to music：伴随音乐做某事
　　eg：The students are doing eye exercises to music．
　　学生们伴随着音乐做眼保健操．
　　④be content to do．．．：be ready to do．．．
　　be content with：be satisfied with
　　eg：He was content to eat the leftovers．
　　他乐意吃剩菜剩饭．
　　I’m not content with beautiful dreams：I want beautiful realities．
　　我不满意美丽的梦．我要美丽的现实．
　　⑤The first thing she did was go up to her trainer．
　　她做的第一件事就是走到她的教练面前．
　　注意：动词不定式作表语时，如果它的主语中含有实意动词do，那么，动词不定式的to可以省略．
　　eg：What we want to do now is(to)lie down and rest．
　　我们现在所需要做的就是躺下来休息．


典型例题
　　1．NMET 1996
　　The number of people invited fifty，but a number of them _________absent for different reasons．
　　A．were；was B．was；was C．was；were D．were；were
　　答案：C．
　　译文：被邀请的人数是50人，但许多人由于种种不同原因没到场．(释义参见单元目标2～7)
　　2．MET 1989
　　Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____________ tired of having one examination after another．
　　A．is B．are C．am D．be
　　答案：B．
　　译文：不但是我而且Jane和Mary都讨厌一次接着一次的考试．(释义参见单元目标3)
　　3．MET 1990
　　A library with five thousand books ____________ to the nation as a gift．
　　A．is offered B．has offered C．are offered D．have offered
　　答案：A．
　　译文：拥有5，000本书的一个图书馆是作为礼物奉献给那个国家的．(释义参见单元目标1～4)





【关于“Unit9 Gymnastics”的常见问题】

常见问题1: 高三英语 Unit 9 Gymnastics
问题：

　　One or two days _________ quite enough to finish the work．_______ you or Jim going to work with me．
　　A．is；Is B．are；Is
　　C．are；Are D．is；Are

解答:

　　答案：D．
　　译文：一两天是足够完成这工作的．是你还是Jim打算和我一起工作？(见单元目标3)
　　eg： Either she or you are going to attend the meeting．
　　Is either she or you going to attend the meeting?

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