Unit 6 学案
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1. custom和habit的区别
custom指传统风俗、习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接不定式。
e.g. They broke some of the old customs.
他们打破了一些旧的风俗习惯。
It is the custom in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival.
中国人有在春节吃饺子的风俗。
I make it a custom to go to bed late and get up early.
我养成了晚睡早起的习惯。
habit指个人生活习惯、习惯成自然、个人的习惯有好有坏，后接of doing，不可接不定式。“(有)养成……习惯”常用be in/fall into/get into/form/have the habit of doing sth.句型；“戒掉……习惯”常用give up/kick/break away from/get out of the habit of doing sth.句型.
e.g. It’s easy to get into a bad habit but it’s hard to give it up.
形成坏习惯容易而改掉难。
The drug easily get one into the habit of smoking.
毒品很容易使人染上吸烟的习惯。

2. arise，rise，raise
raise的意思是“使……上升，升起，提高”等，用作及物动词，其后一定要有宾语，rise作“上升”“升起”这一意思用时是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。arise主要表示出现、发生等意思。
e.g. She raise her voice in anger.
由于愤怒她抬高了嗓门(声音)。
Her voice rose higher and higher with excitement.
由于激动，她的声音越来越大。
The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother.(=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.)
那小孩从地上爬起来，朝他妈妈跑去。
She rises before it is light.
她常天没亮就起床了。
Difficulties will arise as we do the work.
当我们做这件事的时候，还会出现各种困难。
A strong wind arose and blew our boat onto the rock.
台风刮来，把我们的船刮得失去控制撞到岩石上了。

3.follow用法归纳
(1)表示“跟随，马上就来”。
e.g.I’m sending the letter today，the packet will follow later.
今天我先把信寄出，随后寄出包裹。
(2)表示“遵循，依照……行事”。
e.g.The villagers still follow the customs that are passed down from their ancestors.
村民们还沿袭着祖先留下的风俗。
(3)表示“听懂，理解”。
e.g.As a beginner，she cannot follow the English Home Service quite well on the radio.
作为初学者，她无法完全听懂广播《英语家庭服务》。
(4)表示“如下”。
e.g.He received a note which ran as follows:“The meeting will be delayed until next Monday.”
他收到一张便条，上面写着如下内容：“会议推迟到下星期一。”

4. introduce的用法归纳：
(1)introduce oneself自我介绍。
e.g.Let me introduce myself.
让我作个自我介绍。
(2)introduce sb.to sb.
把某人介绍给某个人
e.g.Allow me to introduce you to my friend.
允许我将你介绍给我的朋友。
(3)introduce sth.to sb.把某物介绍给某人。
e.g.He introduced English poetry to Chinese readers.
他把英语诗歌介绍给中国读者。
(4)be introduced into 被引进，被传入。
e.g.Coffee was introduced into England from the continent.
咖啡是从欧洲大陆引进英国的。
Marxism was introduced into China at the beginning of this century.
马克思主义在本世纪初传入中国。

5.“参观、访问、拜访”英语表达归纳：
(1)常用动词：visit(see)sb. or some place
e.g. This afternoon we’re going to visit a friend in hospital.
今天下午我们要去看望一个住院的朋友。
Many foreign friends are very glad to visit our school.
许多外国朋友很高兴来参观我们学校。
Come and see us again soon.
有空儿再到我们这儿来坐坐。
(2)常用动词短语：
call on sb./call at some place(专程)
e.g.Each time he came to Beijing on business，he would call on me.
每次他来北京出差，都会来看望我。
I hope to call on you at the hotel at 10 this morning.
我希望上午十点到宾馆拜访你。
drop in on sb./at some place.顺道，偶然过访
e.g. On my way to the park，I dropped in on a friend of mine.
在我去公园的路上，我顺道看望了我的一个朋友。
He dropped in at our school yesterday.
他昨天顺便拜访了我们学校。
come by/over 顺便来访
e.g.I’ll come over in a day or two.
我过一两天来看望你。
Come over any time，we’re always in.
请随便什么时候来坐，我们总是在家的。
pay/give sb.a visit或pay a visit to sb.
e.g.She had thought of paying us a visit，but the bad weather made her change her plan.
她本想来看望我们，但由于天气不好，使她改变了计划。
She paid a visit to her old friends in Beijing.
她拜访了她在北京的老朋友。
go/come to some place on a visit
e.g.Last week he came to Qingdao on a visit.
上周他来到青岛参观。
pay/make a call on sb./at some place
e.g.I’ll pay a call on my first teacher on Teacher’s Day.
教师节我将去看望我的启蒙老师。
go on a visit to some place
e.g.Perhaps I shall go on a visit to England this winter.
或许今年冬天我要去英国参观。

6.impression n.印象
get an impression 得到某印象
have/make a good impression on sb.给某人留下好印象
give sb. a good impression给某人留下好印象
e.g. What were your first impressions of Beijing?
你对北京的第一印象如何？
The book left/made a deep impression on him.
这本书给他留下了深刻的印象。
Everybody had the impression that she was a good match for the young man.
每个人都觉得她和那年轻人是天造地设的一对。
What he said gave her a bad impression.
他的话给她留下了恶劣的印象。

7. moment
for a moment 片刻，一会儿
（at） any moment 任何时刻；马上
at the last moment 在紧要关头，在最后关头
at the moment 此刻；正当那时；暂时
for the moment 目前，暂时
in a moment 马上，立刻
the moment (that)一……就……
The moment he saw me，he turned pale.
他一看见我就脸色苍白。

8. advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议
ask for one’s advice 征求某人的建议
give/offer sb. advice 给某人建议
take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议
some advice on/about… 有关……的建议（忠告）
I asked my teacher for advice on my future course.
我请我的老师对我的未来去向作些建议。
You’ve given me some good advice.
你给了我一些好忠告。
He stopped smoking on the doctor’s advice.
他听医生的劝告而戒烟。
advise v.劝告，建议
I’ll do as you advise.
我会照你的建议行事。
The doctor advised a week’s rest.
医生建议休息一个星期。
Could you advise me on the problem?
对于这个问题你能给我些忠告吗？
I advise her against driving.=I advised her not to drive.
我劝告她不要开车。
We advised starting early.
我们建议早点出发。
What do you advise me to do?
你劝我做什么？
I advise that he should go at once.
我建议他马上去。
注：advise接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。

9. too much，much too
1.too much“太多”之意，可以作形容词，修饰不可数名词，也可作副词，修饰动词。
e.g.There is too much rain here in spring.
春天这里的雨水太多。
She talked too much at the meeting.
她在会上讲得太多了。
2.much too“简直太，过于”，只能作副词，用来修饰形容词或别的副词，不能修饰动词。
e.g.This book is much too difficult for me.
这本书对于我来说简直太难了。
The old man walks much too slowly.
那位老人走得很慢。
10. none
none 或none of 作主语，如加不可数名词用单数动词，如加可数名词，动词可以是单数可以是复数。
e.g. None of us are perfect.
None of the telephones are working.
None of my friends come/comes to see me.
None of the money is mine.
none和no one的区别
(1) none往往有固定范围，常接of短语。none 单独用的时候，也常替代文中提到的特定的人或物。no one和nothing并不指文中提到的人或物。
e.g. Twelve girls were invited, but none arrived.
I need some paper, but there is none left.
(2) no one 范指“没有人”=nobody。一般不接of 短语，做主语时动词单数。
e.g. No one enjoys the film.
Now one knows about it.
(3) 用what, who提问时，用nothing 或nobody, no one回答。
用how many, how much提问的句子则用none回答。
--Who is in the room? --No one.
--What is in your bag?: --Nothing.

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