Unit 15 Study skills
中学英语教学资源网 → 英语教案 → 教学设计 手机版



【知识点】
Ⅰ.单词和词组
　enlarge , remind sb of , fix a date for , appreciate, long-term , encouragement
Ⅱ. 交际英语
　Invitations and responses (邀请与应答)发出邀请时可以说：
　1. Will you come to …?
　2. Would you like to do ？
　3. I'd like to invite you to …
　4. Are you free on Sunday ?
　5. If you're not doing anything on Monday morning , would you like to do …
　6. We'd like you to join us .
　7. Do join me for a coffee .
　8. We're having a dance on Sunday . I hope you will come .
　9. Would you do me the pleasure of attending our wedding (婚礼) ?
　　= May we have the pleasure of your company at our wedding ?
　10. I'd very much like you to come to our dinner party .
　接受邀请时常用：
　1. Yes , I'd love to .
　2. Yes , that's very kind / nice of you .
　3. I'd love to , but …
　4. How nice !
　5. I'd like to … , but … . Thank you all the same .
Ⅲ. 语法学习复习和归纳句子的成分
　1，谓语；复习情态动词和实义动词的时态。在情态动词中要重点掌握情态动词的完成时的用法。如：
　should have done与should not have done , needn't have done , must have done
　2，复习主谓一致的测试热点。
【重点难点讲解】
　1， On the subject of reading, Francis Bacon, who lived at about the same time as Shakespeare, wrote these words： "some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested."
　关于阅读这个题目，弗朗西斯·培根(与莎士比亚大约是同时代的人)曾经写过这样的话："有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。"
　…"some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested."
　本句用了"be + 不定式的被动式"结构(are to be tasted／swallowed／chewed and digested)。这种结构表示"某事应当／必须如何做"的意思，常用在通知和说明书里。例如：
　The books you borrowed are to be returned before July 5. 你所借的图书应当于7月5日前归还。
This medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals. 此药一日三次，饭后服用。
(This form is) to be filled in ink. (此表)须用墨水填写。
　"be + 不定式"结构通常用来表示"按计划或安排将要做的事情"，或表示上级对下级，父母对子女"下达命令"。例如：
　The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10：25 a. m. 这趟火车将于上午10∶25到达北京。(安排好的)
　You are to eat all your supper before you watch TV. 你得吃完晚饭才能看电视。
　2， It is enough to dip into it and read bits here and there.
　这种书只需浏览一下，这儿读一点，那儿读一点，也就够了。
　短语动词 dip into 原作"掏出"、"蘸"解，有"(手)伸入(某处)取(某物)"的意思。在我们学过的"Look carefully and learn" 曾出现过这样的句子：
　Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked it.
　每个学生把手指伸入混合液，然后吸吮了一下。又如：
　She keeps dipping into the bag of sweets. 她不断地把手伸入糖果袋(拿糖吃)。
　本课句中的 dip into 则作"浏览"、"翻阅"解，有"稍加探究"的意思。例如：
　I haven't read that book seriously, I've only dipped into it.
　我没有认真读过那本书，只不过是随便翻阅了一下。
　I can't say I know a great deal about American history. I have just dipped into one or two 　books on the subjcet. 我不能说我对美国史了解很多，我不过翻阅了一下有关这个学科的一两本书。
　3，Second, do not stop every time you come to a word or phrase you do not know. 其次，不要一遇到不认识的单词或短语就停下来。
　1)这是一个复合句。主句是 do not stop，后跟时间状语从句"every time you come to a word or phrase"，再后是一个省略关系代词 which 的定语从句"you do not know,"修饰先行词 word or phrase。
　2)名词词组 every time (每次，每回)可以用作从属连词，引出表示时间的状语从句，意思是"每……就……"例如：
　Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. 每次感冒我的背就疼。
　Every time he came to Wuhan, de would visit his teachers. 每次他来武汉，总要拜访他的老师。
　Copy it down every time you come to a beautiful sentence. 每当你碰到一个漂亮的句子就把它抄下来。
　4， Are there any hobbies or sports you particularly like? If so, look out for books, articles or magazines about them. 你有什么特别癖好或特别喜爱的体育运动吗？如果有，你就该找一些有关的书籍、文章或杂志来读。
　1)"If so"(如果是这样)是承接上文而来的一个省略结构，意思相当于 If there are any hobbies or sports which you particularly like。例如：
　You said George was honest. If so, I had misjudged him, and I feel sorry. 你说乔治是诚实的。如果是这样，那么我看错了他，我很抱歉。
　It is reported that the situation there is quite serious. If so, we should get prepared 　immediately. 据说，那儿的情况十分严重。如果是这样，我们就该立即作好准备。
　2)look out for 作"寻找"、"搜寻"解，例如：
　Will you please go to the station and look out for Mr Johnson? 请你到车站找一下约翰逊先生好吗？
　The men in the tower are looking out for escaped prisoners. 塔楼里的士兵们正在搜寻逃犯。
　He has been looking out for a new job for half a year. 半年来他一直在找新的工作。
　I'm looking out for a book on the life of Francis Bacon. 我在找一本关于弗朗西斯·培根生平的书。
　
　5， The more we practice, the better we get at listening to speech in a foreign language. 练习得越多，就越能更好地听懂用外语所说的话。
　get better at doing… 相当于 be better at doing…，意为"更善于做……"。
　6， So when you listen to someone, you should listen with complete attention, and with complete respect for the other person. 因此，当你听某人说话时，你要一心一意地听，对别人完全尊重。
　句中的 respect 是不可数名词，作"尊敬"解。说"对某人(表示)尊敬"常用"(show／have)respect to／for 　sb."结构。例如：
　Youth should always show respect to old age. 年轻人应该永远尊敬老年人。
　I have a great respect for journalists, but I don't know why. 我对记者非常尊敬，但不知道是什么原因。
　She had no respect for the manager. 她对经理一点也不尊重。
　All the students treated the teachers with respect. 所有学生对老师都很尊重。
　respect 也可以作及物动词，也作"尊敬"、"尊重"解。例如：
　All children should respect their parents. 所有孩子都该尊敬父母。
　Our chemistry teacher is much respected in our school. 我们的化学老师在学校是很受人尊敬的。
　You should respect the opinions of your friends. 你应该尊重朋友们的意见。
　7， Often, all we need is a good friend who will listen to us while we"talk things through". 我们常常需要的是一位能倾听我们"畅叙衷肠"的好朋友。
　短语动词 talk through 作"充分讨论"解。例如：
　We talked the plan through for nearly an hour. 我们对计划讨论了将近一个小时。
　After three long meetings, the question seemed to be talked through.
　经过三次长时间的会议后，这个问题似乎已经详细讨论过了。
【语法－主谓一致】
　1. 主语 people 作"人们，人民"解时，谓语动词用复数，作"民族"解时，有单复数之分。如：
　Our people is a great one.
　There are 56 peoples in China.
　2 . 主语是 a / this / that kind of + 名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。如：
　This kind of cloth feels soft.
　There are different kinds of animals.
　3 . 主语是"each of … "，"neither of … "，"either of … "，"one of … "等时，其谓语用单数。如：
Each of them has his own duty.
　4 . 陈述部分用 everybody , everyone , somebody , someone , anybody , anyone , nobody , no one 或 no + 复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用 they。而陈述部分用everything , something , nothing , 　anything 时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用 it 。
　Somebody is waiting for you , aren't they ?
　Everything is all right , isn't it ?
　5 . 动名词或动词不定式作主语，其谓语用单数形式。
　When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet .
　6 . 用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。
　"I" is the ninth letter of the English Alphabet .
　7 . 在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则 who 或 that 后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。
　It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class .
　8 . wish 后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，be 动词用 were。
　I wish I were ten years younger .
　9 . police , cattle 等集合名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
　The murderer has run away . The police are searching for him .
　10 . 算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。
　Five times four is twenty .
　11 . youth 作"青年们"解作主语时，谓语用复数。
　The youth of China today are doing their best to study modern science and technology .
　12 . each 作同位语放在复数主语后，谓语不受单数 each 的影响。如：
　The boy and the girl each have their own toys .
　13 . 当 with 引出的短语结构后面出现 both 时，with 的含义变成 and ，此时谓语动词应该用复数形式。如：Martin with his wife ,both working in the same company ,
　have decided that they would send their little daughter to the nearest kindergarten .
　14 . "one of + 复数名词 + 谓语"是固定结构，谓语动词用单数。但是，在"one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句"句型中，定语从句的谓语用复数；若 one of 的前面有 the , the only 时，谓语仍用单数。试对比：
　He is one of the people who always help others.
　She is the only one of my guests that comes from India .
　15 . 主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及 news , works (工厂) , politics 等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外 means 一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。
　Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn .
　A new means of teaching is being used in that school .
　注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。如：My mathematics are week .
　16 . 主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。
　The United States is a developed country.
【例题解析】
　例1，Neither of us _______to take part in this game.
　　A were wanting　B wants　C want　D are wanting
　【答案】B．　
　【解析】neither， either 作主语时，要用单数谓语动词。这样的词还有each， each of， no one， the other， another。
　例2，The New York Times _______　first published in the early 1860's.
　　A was　B were　C are　D had
　【答案】A．　
　【解析】因固定专有名词、书刊名、时间、距离、度量衡、价值等词作主语时，要用单数谓语动词。
　例3，_________ neither he　nor I right?
　　A are　B is　C am　D does
　【答案】B．　
　【解析】因作为陈述句时， Neither he nor I am right用am， 因am与I 接近。但作为疑问句，则与he接近应用is.
　例4，When and where ________　this building built ?
　　A are　B is　C was　D have
　【答案】C．　
　【解析】因为when and where 是作为一件事，所以谓语动词应用单数。

·语文课件下载
·语文视频下载
·语文试题下载

·语文备课中心



『点此察看与本文相关的其它文章』『搜索相关课件』


【上一篇】【下一篇】   【教师投稿】 
本站管理员：尹瑞文 微信：13958889955