宾语从句的简化
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作者：姜经志
英语中含宾语从句的复合句可转化为简单句, 意思不变。 下面介绍几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法：
一． 改为不定式
1. 改为"V+不定式短语"。当主语谓语动词是hope, agree, choose, wish, decide, promise (许诺)等动词时，且主句和从句的主语相同， 可进行这种转换。它们既可接宾语从句， 又可接动词不定式短语。例如：
He hopes that he will be back very soon. → He hopes to be back very soon. 他希望能很快回来。
2． 改为"疑问词 + 不定式"结构。
当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, forget, remember 等动词时， 宾语从句可转化成"疑问词 + 不定式"结构。 例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station? → Could you tell me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我到车站怎么走吗？
She has forgotten how she can open the door. → She has forgotten how to open the door. 他已经忘记如何打开那扇门了。
3． 改为"it + 形容词 + 不定式短语"。例如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well. → I found it difficult to learn English well. 我发现学好英语是困难的。
二． 改为"宾语 + V-ing 形式（作宾补）"。例如：
The girl found that there was a watch lying on the ground. → The girl found a watch lying on the ground. 那姑娘发现地上有块手表。
三. 改为名词或名词短语。 例如：
I'll take back what I said. → I'll take back my words. 我将收回我的话。
Could you tell us how we can get to the museum? → Could you tell us the way to the museum? 你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗？
The poor boy doesn't know when and where he was born. → The poor boy doesn't know the time and the place of his birth. 这个可怜的孩子不知道他出生于何时何地。
四． 改为V-ing 形式。例如：
I remember that I have told her the truth. → I remember telling her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。
I forget I have closed the window. → I forget closing the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。
五． 改为过去分词或过去分词短语。例如：
Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. → Soon they found the ground covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。
The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. → The teacher found the boy very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。


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