初三1-5单元重点知识回放

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作者:董明义
1. used to do sth. 表示"过去常做某事"; be / get used to (doing) sth. 表示"习惯于做某事"。例如:
I used to smoke, but I have given it up two years ago.
He is used to doing some exercises before breakfast.
2. 句型"so + 连系动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词 +主语"是主谓倒装结构,表示所提到的情况与前面的相同,其中so代表上文中所叙述的情况,表示"也是这样、也是如此"。例如:
You went home yesterday. So did I.( = I went home, too.)
与此句型相似的结构"so + 代词(主语)+连系动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词",是正常语序,表示说话人同意或赞同对方所说的情况,主语与前句的主语一致。意思为"是的;确实如此"等。例如:
A: He is a good boy.
B: So he is. (是的。)
3. although引导让步状语从句,意为"尽管"、"虽然"。汉语中"虽然......,但是......"常连用,而英语中although不能与but连用,二者在同一句子中只能用其一。例如:
Although he is not rich, he is happy. / He is not rich, but he is happy.
4. not only..., but also...意为"不但......,而且......",用来连接两个并列的成分,当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词一般与后一个主语在人称、数上保持一致。例如:
Not only you but also I am wrong.
5. 21-year-old是由"数词 + 名词 + 形容词"构成的复合形容词。当其中词与词之间使用连字符后,year不可再用复数形式。
6. be afraid of sb. / sth. 意为"害怕",后面可接"人"或"物"。be afraid of doing sth.和be afraid + 动词不定式都表示"害怕做某事"。be afraid + that从句,表示"恐怕;担心",常表示带有歉意的回绝或告知不好的消息, that常省略。例如:
I'm afraid (that) it will rain tonight.
7. because of是复合介词,意思是"因为;由于",后面可接名词或代词。例如:
The football match was put off because of the rain.
because是连词,引导原因状语从句,后面跟句子。例如:
I went home because I was tired.
8. 介词in, on, to都可用来表示方位。介词in用于表示"在某个地方之内";介词on表示"两个地方毗邻";介词to表示"在某一地方之外,且不相毗邻"。例如:
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. (台湾在中国的境内)
Russia is on the north of China. (俄罗斯与中国接壤)
Japan lies to the east of China. (日本与中国不接壤)


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