高三短文改错命题热点拾零
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作者：韩丽红
NMET短文改错的宗旨是考查考生发现、判断、纠正错误的能力。以检测考生在语篇中准确使用英语的能力。高考短文改错的考点综合性强，测试层次多，涉及词法、句法、行文逻辑、动词的时态、非谓语动词、介词、名词、冠词等用法。下面以近几年高考英语短文改错题为例，对命题热点进行分析。
一、名词单复数
On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.(NMET 2002)
picture 为可数名词，前面无单数修饰语，且根据语境"风景好，当然应多拍照片"的逻辑性，picture应该为复数形式pictures。
二、动词
1. 时态和语态
Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class...
该句所在的整篇短文描述现在的情况，用的是一般现在时。故应将talked改为talk。
2. 主谓一致
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.
it 为单数，所以cost改为costs。
3. be动词
They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.
eager为形容词，不能单独作谓语，因此，前边应加were。
4. 非谓语动词
My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I can get a good education.
根据句子结构，定语从句they can修饰all，make前应加to，是动词不定式作目的状语。
三、代词
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.
show 后接双宾语。缺直接宾语a little story,故用it代替，所以to前加it。
四、冠词
As everyone knows, it's famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.
"众所周知，这是一座名山，山上有各种动植物。"因此，famous前应加不定冠词a。
五、介词
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.
the moment 虽然表示"在......时刻"，但前面不用加任何介词，在此句中它引导时间状语从句，故应去掉at。
六、形容词、副词
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.
形容词与副词相互混淆，Unfortunate应改为Unfortunately，副词作状语。
七、连词
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and guest.
根据语境，意思应为："看起来我的父母把我当成了来访者或者客人。"二者为选择关系，而非并列关系。故将and改为or。
八、惯用语
Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them.
as well as 是惯用语，故在well前加上as。
九、从句
It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.
根据语境，noon后应加when来表示动作的时间性。
十、词义的重叠
Today I visited the Smiths-my first time visit to an American family.
这一题是考查英汉不同的表达习惯。汉语的"第一次访问"，英语说my first visit即可，time是多余的。


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