高频词break用法 |
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作者:耿志华 文章录入:admin 减小字体 增大字体 在Unit 7中有这样一个句子: AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body's immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illnesses. 句中的break是一个使用频率极高的单词,它不但含义多,搭配能力强,而且是高考中的常考项目。为了便于同学们掌握break, 现将其用法归纳如下: 一、break的基本用法 (一)作动词 1. 作及物动词 ①打破;打碎;使折断 Take care not to break the cup. 小心别把茶杯打碎了。 If you pull too hard you will break the rope. 如果你太用力拉,就会把绳子拉断。 ②违背;违反 He accused his father of having broken his word. 他指责他的父亲违背诺言。 The worker broke the rule of running this machine. 这名工人违反了操作这台机器的规则。 ③减弱(力量);打破(记录);中断(某事) The government is determined to break the power of the trade unions. 政府决心削弱工会的势力。 She is eager to break the Olympic 100 meters record. 她渴望打破奥运会100米记录。 2. 作不及物动词 ①折断;破碎 The thread breaks where it is weakest. 线在最脆弱的地方容易断。 The rope broke and he fell to the ground. 绳子断了,他摔到了地上。 ②(天)亮;(消息)突然传出;(身体或精神)垮掉 As I walked home the dawn was just breaking over Paris. 我启程回家时,巴黎的天刚蒙蒙亮。 There was a public outcry when the scandal broke. 丑闻传开后引起了公愤。 He broke under questioning and confessed to everything. 他经受不住盘问,精神上垮了下来,于是供认了一切。 (二)作名词(通常为可数名词) 1. 间歇;休息时间(尤指工作期间) She's worked for 27 hours without a break. 她已经不间断地工作了二十七个小时。 2. 机会;运气(多用于口语中) Give him a break and he'll succeed. 给他一个机会,他会成功的。 二、由break构成的常用搭配 1. break down (机器)坏了;(计划、谈判)失败;(谈话、通讯)中断 We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down. 很抱歉我们来晚了,但是由于车坏了。 Negotiations between the two sides have broken down. 双方的谈判已经破裂。 2. break into 破门而入;打断(谈话);(不得已)占用 He broke into our talk rudely. 他粗鲁地打断了我们的谈话。 His father broke into his money in order to buy a car. 为了买车,他父亲只好用了他的钱。 3. break off 突然停止;中断(谈判);断绝(关系) These two countries have broken off relations again. 这两个国家又断交了。 4. break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾等)爆发 World War II broke out in September 1939. 第二次世界大战爆发于1939年9月。 5. break up散会、(学期)结束、驱散(集会)、(精神上)垮掉 When does school break up?本学期什么时候结束? |
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