Unit 15 Useful expressions语言要点
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1. call on sb. 拜访; 去会见
I'll call on you when I am in America. 我到美国后会去拜访你。 错: call you on (但call you up) 类似词组有：drop in on sb. ；pay sb a visit 对比: He called at every house in the street once a month. 又: call on sb to do sth 号召: The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire. 联合国号召双方遵守停火协议。
2. have a seat就座; 入座，请坐
have a seat相当于短语sit down或take a seat。Some took seats and began working.有些人坐了下来，开始工作。take a seat 及sit down 既可用于直接引语，也可用于间接引语，但have a seat 只用于直接引语。I walked into the room and sat down ( took a seat ). 不能说: I walked into the room and had a seat.
3.pay … a visit 参观
pay a visit to sb/ some place访问某人/某地，The president will pay a friendly visit to Shanghai next week.
4.in silence 沉默地; 一言不发地; 不声不响地
in silence相当于silently：She watched him in silence. 她一言不发地看着他。He lay in bed, thinking in silence. 他躺在床上，静静地沉思着。类似地词组还有in peace平静地； in order 井然有序地； in surprise 吃惊地；▲译：父亲喜欢静静地听音乐。
5．again and again再三地；反复地
等于over and over, 如: She said that sentence again and again. 她反复地说着那句话。
▲译：不要一再犯同样地错误了。

Sentence patterns
1. It’s time I went and picked up my little girl from school.
It is time...后面的定语从句常用虚拟语气(过去时), 而主句中的动词则是现在时, 相当于 It's time for sb. to do sth.. 如: It is high time (that) we left. 我们真该走了。▲译：现在是我们开会的时间了。
2. Her uncle seemed to be acting rather strangely towards her.
seem 加不定式的进行形式，表示动作(一直)在进行。She seems to be sleeping. 她看上去在睡觉。It seemed to be raining all day yesterday. 昨天似乎下了一整天雨。▲译：人群中似乎有几个人在打架。
3. There is no doubt about it. 这是肯定无疑的。
此句相当于“I have no doubt about it.”或“I am sure of it.”She is an honest girl. There is no doubt about it. 她是一诚实的女孩，这是肯定无疑的。doubt后还可跟that 引导的从句。There is no doubt that you will be warmly welcomed.
　

Language tips
1．He is here on a visit from Guangzhou.
on在这里是介词，表示“在从事……之中，处于……情况下”, 如: These officers are on leave.
这些军官在休假。He went to Hong Kong on business. 他到香港出差去了。类似的短语还有: on fire着火; on show/exhibition在展出; on holiday在度假。
2. I’ve got some personal affairs that I have to see to. 我还有些个人的事得去料理一下。
词组see to: 注意，留意；关照(to deal with something or do something for someone): We'll have to see to that window - the glass's broken. You should get that tooth seen to by a dentist. Will you see to it that this letter gets mailed today?
3. I meant to tell you yesterday, but you were not in the office.
mean to do something本来，意欲, 如: What does he mean to do? 他想干什么？I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. 在掌握几个mean句子: I mean what I say. 我说到做到。My friends mean a lot to me. 我的朋友对我来说非常重要。He means you no harm. 他无意伤害你。What do you mean by saying that? ▲译：我们本来是想早来的,但火车晚点了。
4. I'll make a note of that. 我把它记下来。
make a note of sth (= write something down so that you can look at it later): I made a note of her address and phone number.
5. I dare say my uncle will.
dare既可以是情态动词,也可以做实义动词。情态动词: I dare not go there.我不敢去那儿。Dare you ask him? 你敢问他吗？实义动词: I don't dare to go there. Do you dare to ask him? ▲译：我不知道她是否敢试一试。
6. I can see it fastened to a nail next to the hole in the wall, but it is not fastened to that wire. 我看到绳子是系在洞口旁边的钉子上，而不是系在那根铁丝上。
词组: next to邻近: He lives in the house next to mine. 他住在我的隔壁。注意区分 see …doing/done: I saw her opening the door. I saw the door opened. You can see a lot of problems settled in this way.
7. The room had little furniture.
Furniture是集合名词,不可数: a piece of furniture/ a lot of furniture 又如: This old Chinese square table is a very valuable piece of furniture. 这张旧的中国八仙桌是一件很珍贵的家具。
8. There was also a gun and a thin piece of rope with the end tied in a circle.
with+ n.+ed分词构成一个复合结构，其中的名词end 与过去分词tied在逻辑上有动宾关系。With his homework finished, he began to watch TV. 他做完了作业，就开始看电视。区分with+ n.+现在分词: With the boy leading the way, we had little difficulty in finding her house. ▲译：飓风过后，我看到了许多屋顶被刮掉了的房子。
9. Dr Watson and I will spend the night locked in your room. 我和华生医生就锁在你的房间里过夜。
locked过去分词短语作方式状语。He walked into the office, followed by two guards. 他走进办公室，后面跟了两个卫兵。▲译：那位老人由他儿子惨扶着站了起来。
10.The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
immediately 在这里用作连词，意思是 as soon as, 主要用于英国英语中。如: I came immediately I had finished my dinner. 我一吃完就来了。▲译：时钟一敲12点我就离开了。
12. You were supposed to die like that.
be supposed to 的意思是“应该；被期望”。 如: You are supposed to be here before 8:30 every day. 你应该每天八点半以前来这里。We were supposed to be here at eight. But we are late. ▲ 译：她本应该当一名医生。
13.掌握几个单词的用法：
⑴Immediately Holmes jumped up from the bed and struck a match. strike在本句中做“擦(火柴)，点(火)”。strike还可作“打、敲、击；(灾害、疾病)突然袭击；（气味）扑鼻”的意思: He struck the man with a stick.他用棒子打那个人。A stone struck him on the head.一块石头击中了他的头部。Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。The clock has just struck four. 钟刚敲过四点。 A very big earthquake struck that country many years ago. An acid smell struck my nose.酸味扑鼻。
⑵I called to you that the conference has been delayed until the 15th and 16th. 掌握delay的用法: 拖延；耽搁 vi. (to wait until a later time to do something) He delayed (for) two hours and missed the train. 推迟(某事)” vt. (to make someone or something late) 后接名词或-ing分词, 如: We must delay our journey until the weather goes better. 我们务必推迟旅行，等天气好转再说。The plane was badly delayed by fog. 也可用作名词: I’m sorry for the delay. The doctors operated on her without delay.
　

Grammar
过去分词作状语和定语
Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. 他在探案方面的足智多谋是广为人知的，他能够帮助许多人解决他们的私人事务。
known for his expert advice这是一个过去分词短语，在句子中做状语，相当于：As he was well known for his expert advice.
过去分词短语用作状语，修饰谓语，可以表示原因，时间，条件，分别相当于一个表示原因，时间，条件的状语从句。如：
Born into a poor family（= As he was born into a poor family,），he couldn't go to the school. 由于出生于贫苦家庭，他没能上学。
Seen from space, the earth looks blue. 从太空望去，地球看上去是蓝色的。
Led by the Party, the people have improved their living conditions greatly.
Given more time, we could do it much better.
过去分词作定语,多放在所修饰的名词之前,如：a lost child / fallen leaves / the changed conditions过去分词短语作定语，常放在所修饰的名词之后，如：the people trapped in the big fire / the languages spoken in Canada
Language record
In this unit I have learned to say in English:
Useful Expressions:
1．坐下 2．拜访
3．在19世纪末期 4．照料，处理
5．进行维修 6．末端扎成一个圈的一根细绳
7．默默地坐着 8．帮许多人解决私事
9．连接，相连 10．很久以前
Sentences:
1．我该去学校接小女儿了。
2．我敢说没人能赶上我们。
3．我看到绳子是系在墙上洞口旁边的钉子上的。
4．这是肯定无疑的。
5．他用手杖一次又一次重重地敲打着铃绳。
6．他们闯入卧室，发现那个人躺在地板上死了。
7．她一听到响声，就冲入房间。
8．它一旦被看见，就永远也忘不了。

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