U3 Autumn festivals知识点

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U3知识点
1.another和the other
A. another通常用于三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体,意思是“另一个”,“再一个”。例如:
May I have another cake, please?
请再给我一块蛋糕,好吗?(已经吃了一块或几块,一共有多少蛋糕不确定)
This coat is too small for me. Please show me another.
这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件试试。(商店里外套肯定有许多)
B. the other指两者中的“另一个”,有特定的范围,不是任意的“另一个”。例如:
Here are two rulers. One is short, the other is long.这儿有两根尺,一根很短,另一根很长。
One of Tom's feet is bigger than the other.汤姆的脚一只比另一只大。
C. the others或 the other修饰复数名词时,表示除已提到的以外,所有其余的人或物。例如:
Jim and Jack are reading in the classroom. The Others/The other students are playing games.
吉姆和杰克在教室里看书,其他学生在活动。
如果表示“一个……另外两个”则可说为“one…the other two”。请看下面类似的说法:one……one…the third(三个)。
2. few, a few, little 和a little
首先,这些词(或词组)均能用来修饰名词。此时,few和a few用来修饰可数名词复数。few 表示“很少”,“几乎没有”,从含义上来说含有否定意义。a few则表示“有几个”,“有一些(some)”,含肯定意义。如:
Few people like talking to her. 很少有人(几乎没人)喜欢跟她说话。
A few students came to school yesterday.(只有)少数学生昨天到校。
little 和a little则用来修饰不可数名词。其中little表示“很少”,“几乎没有”,从含义上来说有否定意义。a little则表示“有些”,含肯定意义。
That teacher knows little French. 那位老师几乎不懂法语。
He asked me for a little milk. 他向我要了点儿牛奶。
另外,a little表示“一点儿”时还可作副词使用,修饰形容词(含比较级)或副词(含比较级)。如:
I’ m a little afraid of him. 我有点儿怕他。
Jack's brother is a little taller than Jack. Jack 的哥哥(或弟弟)比Jack高一点儿。
3. Would you like…?
“Would you like…?”用于表示“建议”或“请求”的场合,是一个常用的礼貌用语,使用应注意以下六点:
一、“Would you like…?”后接名词、代词或不定式短语。例如:
1. Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Day?
你和莉丽愿意到我家度中秋节吗?
2. Would you like a mooncake? 你想吃月饼吗?
二、“Would you like…?”虽是疑问结构,但表示的是“建议”或者“请求”为此表示“一些”这个意义时常用some,而不用any。例如:
1. Would you like some apples? 你想吃苹果吗?
2. Would you like to buy some cakes? 你想买几块蛋糕吗?
三、“Would you like…?”表示“建议别人吃(喝)点东西”时,常用have 代替eat或drink. 例如:
1. Would you like to have a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗?
2. Would you like to have some bread? 你想吃一些面包吗?
四、“Would you like…?”可用“Will you please?”代替。如要表示更委婉、更礼貌的语气时,也可用“Would you please…?”代替。但注意“Would (Would )you please…?”后接动词原形。例如:
Would you like to go out for a walk with me? = Will (Would ) you please go out for a walk me? (请)你和我一起出去散步好吗?
五、“Would you like…?”与like含义不同。like表示“喜欢”,后接不定式短语或名词、动词;而would like是固定搭配,表示“希望、愿意”,后面跟动词时只能跟不定式短语。试比较:
1. Would you like to swim today? 你今天想去游泳吗?
2. Do you like to swim today? 你今天喜欢游泳吗?
六、“Would you like…?”的肯定答语多用 “Yes, I’d love to.” 或 “Yes, I’d like to.” 这里的to不可省略,它代替动词不定式;否定答语常用 “Sorry, I’m afraid…”. 例如:
1. —Would you like to go fishing with us? 你愿意和我们一起去钓鱼吗?
 —Yes, I’d love to. 行,我乐意。
2. —Would you like to come with me? 请你与我一道来好吗?
 — Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t (wouldn’t). 对不起,恐怕不行。
4. 日常交际用语 How about…?
当你向对方提出一种建议时,你可用此句型
(1) —Shall we go to the Huangshan Mountain scenery Zone this summer?
—We went there last summer. What about a visit to Hong Kong since it turns over to the mainland this July?
—Let me think about it a while.
—今年夏天咱们去黄山风景区吗?
— 我们去年夏天去的。香港今年七月就要回归祖大陆,既然这样,到香港旅游怎样?
— 让我想会儿吧。
(2) —How about going to the ball tonight? 今晚去跳舞怎样?
—Good idea! 好主意。
—Let's meet at the Red Rose Nightclub at 7:00 this evening, OK?
咱们今晚七点在红玫瑰夜总会门口碰头,好吗?
—All right. 好吧。
要注意的是:表示建议的句式,Why not后面接动词不定式,不准要to; 而how about 要接动词ing形式。
How about doing sth.? 等于What about doing sth.?

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