数词难点揭秘
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作者：郝昌明
一、数词竟然有复数,平时学习不注意
难点介绍:
对数词的掌握不少同学建立在基数词、序数词及其转换上,很少有人会想到数词的复数形式,结果造成高考中的失分。
题例分析:
例1:It is rare in ________ that people in ________ fifties are going to university for further education.
A. 90s; the B. the 90s; /
C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their
析:D。 第一空表"在90年代",应用in the 90s短语;第二空表"在他们五十多岁时",应用 in their fifties短语,但不少同学不了解数词的复数形式,结果只能乱选一气。
例2:All of the students came into the classroom by ________.
A. two and three B. twos and three
C. two and threes
D. twos and threes
析:D。三三两两应表达为by twos and threes,但有些同学因对数词的复数形式缺乏了解而造成解题错误。
例3:It is said that this terrible matter happened in ________.
A. eighties B. eighty C. the eighty D. the eighties
析:D。in the eighties表"在八十年代",符合题意,但有些同学因对这种语法现象知之甚少而造成解题错误。
应对方法:重视数词的复数形式,熟悉数词的复数形式,如by twos and threes三三两两,in the eighties在八十年代;in his forties在他四十多岁时;in the 1980's/1980s在二十世纪八十年代。
二、特殊数词记不住,考试难免会出错
难点介绍:
不少同学对基数词、序数词非常熟悉,但对分数、百分数、半数、倍数等特殊数词形式不太了解,即使有所接触也因其形式复杂而失分。
题例分析:
例1:It is reported that the United States uses ________ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice muchC. twice much as D. twice as much
析:D。该题考查倍数的表达方法,其结构为:A... times as 形容词/副词原级as B,不少考生没记住这个结构,结果造成失分。
例2:He did it ________ it took me.
A. one-third a time
B. one-third time
C. the one-third time
D. one-third the time
析:D。分数的表达方式为:先讲分子,再讲分母,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母用序数词的复数形式,中间加连字符号。分数应放在所修饰的名词前面。不少考生对分数构成及其用法特点缺乏了解,容易造成失分。
例3:Can't you see this map is _______ small as that one?
A. half as B. as half C. two-ninth as D. two as
析:A。 A是B...的一半可表达为:A is half as...as B。但如果记不住这一结构,在极易混淆的备选答案前考生难免莫衷一是。
例4:Look, this bridge is only ________ that one.
A. as long as four-fifths B. four-fifths as long as
C. as four-fifths as long D. as four-fifths long as
析:B。A是B...的几分之几可表达为:A is +分数+as...as B。这种试题的备选答案形式相似,混淆度高,如果句型记忆不牢极易造成失分。
应对方法:熟悉分数、百分数、半数、倍数的表达方式和A是B的几分之几/百分之几/一半/几倍的表达方式,并增强其使用意识。

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